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1.
Experimental proofs of the existence of the formation and destruction mechanisms of solar proton belts in the inner magnetosphere at a rapid change in the penetration boundary of solar protons are presented. An analysis of the measurements of solar protons and alpha-particles on board the Coronas-F low-altitude polar satellite during the magnetic storms in October–November 2003 is performed. During this period, formation and destruction of the belts of solar cosmic rays was observed several times. The compression of the magnetosphere during a storm makes possible the direct penetration of solar protons deep into the inner magnetosphere. The proton trajectories outside the penetration boundary are open, and the preliminary captured particles can easily leave the magnetosphere. During the recovery of the magnetospheric configuration, when the penetration boundary goes away from the Earth, the solar protons and alpha-particles with relatively low velocity of the magnetic drift remain stably captured, whereas the particles of higher energies follow the motion of the penetration boundary. That is why the energy range of the captured protons is limited from above in contrast to the effect of injection during ineffective SC in the low-energy region. 相似文献
2.
Certain large magnetic lays, registered by magnetometers in the auroral and subauroral zones simultaneously with SC instant and accompanying events, substantially differ from activations at the beginning of auroral substorm. Such basic substorm elements as energy accumulation during the growth phase and breakup—activation in the localized region near midnight—are absent. During such sudden auroral activations (SAs), a disturbance begins in a wide sector of longitudes and latitudes. It is proposed to combine SAs into an individual class of magnetospheric disturbances. The particle acceleration and injection mechanism, which causes SAs, is considered. 相似文献
3.
Bazilevskaya G. A. Daibog E. I. Logachev Yu. I. Vlasova N. A. Ginzburg E. A. Ishkov V. N. Lazutin L. L. Nguyen M. D. Surova G. M. Yakovchouk O. S. 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2021,61(1):6-13
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - Homogeneous series of solar cosmic-ray events for four solar-activity cycles against the background of decreased activity in cycles 23 and 24 are considered. The number... 相似文献
4.
E. I. Daibog K. Kecskeméty L. L. Lazutin Yu. I. Logachev G. M. Surova 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(12):1073-1081
Variations in the flux of Jovian electrons near the Earth in two synodic cycles of the Earth–Jupiter system, in 1974–1975 and 2007–2008, are considered. In the 1974–1975 cycle, Jovian electrons were observed by IMP-8 during 13 successive solar rotations; electrons were observed by SOHO during 14 solar rotations during the 2007–2008 cycle. The fluxes of these electrons in each solar revolution experienced variations with a characteristic time scale of ~27 d , with the maximum flux near the middle of the rotation. The mean period of the variations does not coincide with the synodic period for the Sun–Earth system, equal to 27.3 d . The mean variation periods for the electron fluxes were 26.8 d in 1974–1975 and 26.1 d in 2007–2008. The detected variations are interpreted as reflecting variations in the structure of the solar wind speed and associated magnetic traps, the confinement time of the electrons in thesemagnetic traps, and the influence of the relative positions of the Earth and Jupiter in space. 相似文献
5.
S. N. Kuznetsov L. L. Lazutin U. Manninen A. N. Podorolsky A. Ranta S. N. Samsonov A. V. Shirochkov B. Yu. Yushkov 《Solar System Research》2007,41(5):433-438
The fluxes and penetration boundaries of solar energetic particles on the CORONAS-F satellite during October 2003 superstorms are compared with the riometric absorption measurements on a worldwide network of riometers. The dynamics of the polar cap boundaries is investigated at various phases of magnetic storms. The dependence of absorption on time of the day and on solar proton spectrum is calculated at various phases of a solar energetic particle event. 相似文献
6.
Measurements of solar cosmic ray (SCR) protons in the magnetosphere can be used to verify models of the Earth’s magnetic field.
The latitudinal profiles of precipitating SCRs with energies of 1–90 MeV were measured on the CORONAS-F low-orbiting satellite
during a strong magnetic storm on October 29–30, 2003. A flux of precipitating protons can remain equal to the interplanetary
flux only due to a strong pitch angle diffusion that originates when the radius of the field line curvature is close to that
of the particle rotation Larmor radius. The observed boundaries of the strong diffusion region can be compared with the boundaries
anticipated according to the models of the magnetic field of the Earth’s magnetosphere. The adiabaticity parameter values,
calculated for several instants of the CORONAS-F satellite pass based on the TS05 and parabolic models, do not always correspond
to measurements. How possible changes in the model configurations of the magnetic field can allow us to eliminate discrepancies
with the experiment and to explain why solar protons with energies of several megaelectronvolts penetrate deep in the Earth’s
inner magnetosphere is considered here. 相似文献
7.
Bazilevskaya G. A. Logachev Yu. I. Daibog E. I. Vlasova N. A. Ginzburg E. A. Ishkov V. N. Lazutin L. L. Nguyen M. D. Surova G. M. Yakovchuk O. S. 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2021,61(5):773-779
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - Type-II radio emission often accompanies events in solar cosmic rays and is an indicator of the propagation of a shock wave in the solar corona. Conversely, the shock... 相似文献
8.
L. L. Lazutin 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2013,53(6):716-732
The connection between rapid increases in the intensity of electrons with energies >0.3 MeV and magnetospheric substorms was studied for the first time by measurements of energetic electrons on the low-orbit SERVIS-1 satellite. In addition to the well-known process of radial diffusion detected at the recovery phase, the increases during a period of time no longer than 1.5 h at the main phase of six magnetic storms in a channel of 0.3–1.7 MeV (in three of them, in a channel of 1.7–3.4 MeV) were measured. An analysis of auroral zone magnetograms demonstrated that the increases occurred at the instant of magnetospheric substorm activation. A conclusion is made that the increases are caused by the radial injection of electrons by a pulse electric field induced during substorm activations. Pulse injections are shown to be one of the main mechanisms of electron radiation belt completion in the inner magnetosphere and, in combination with moderate radial diffusion, to be responsible for the appearance of large fluxes of energetic electrons (“killers”) in the magnetosphere after magnetic storms. 相似文献
9.
The structure of penetration of solar cosmic rays (SCRs) with energies of 1–100 MeV into the Earth’s magnetosphere before
a strong magnetic storm of October 29–31, 2003, is studied based on the CORONAS-F satellite data. The effect of north-south
asymmetry was observed in the polar caps for more than 12 h, which made it possible to study the dynamics of the boundary
between the polar cap (the magnetotail) and the auroral zone (the quasi-trapping region). A previously unknown effect of dropouts
in the SCR intensity latitudinal profile during the substorm active phases has been detected in the auroral magnetosphere.
The mechanism by which dropouts are formed owing to the local distortion of the magnetic field line configuration, resulting
in radial diffusion of particles from this region, has been proposed. 相似文献
10.
The ring current is conventionally considered responsible for the shift of the boundary of solar proton penetration into the inner Earth’s magnetosphere during magnetic storms. The cases of a boundary shift were observed in some works on the dark side before the onset of a magnetic storm, i.e., at positive values of the Dst index. In this work, this type of shift of the penetration boundary is considered in detail with two storms as examples. It is shown that the corresponding distortion of the magnetosphere configuration is induced by an increase in the solar wind pressure during the initial phase of a magnetic storm. The current induced in this case on the magnetopause is closed by a current in the equator plane, which changes the configuration of the dark side of the inner magnetosphere, weakens the magnetic field, and allows solar protons to penetrate the inner magnetosphere. The significant difference in the positions of the penetration boundary and the boundary found from models of the magnetosphere magnetic field can be explained by insufficient consideration of closing currents. 相似文献