The characteristic pattern of multiple colored layers in coastal stratified lakes in the process of separation from the White Sea   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Krasnova  Elena D.  Matorin  Dmitry N.  Belevich  Tatiana A.  Efimova  Ludmila E.  Kharcheva  Anastasiia V.  Kokryatskaya  Natalia M.  Losyuk  Galina N.  Todorenko  Daria A.  Voronov  Dmitry A.  Patsaeva  Svetlana V. 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2018,36(6):1962-1977

An unusual feature of the saline stratified lakes that were formed due to ongoing postglacial uplift on the White Sea coast is the presence of several differently colored thin layers in the zone with sharp gradients. Colored layers in five lakes at various stages of separation from the sea were investigated using optical microscopy, spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, and photobiology. The upper greenish colored layer located in the aerobic strata of all lakes near the compensation depth of 1% light penetration contains green algae. In the chemocline, another layer, brightly green, red or pink, is dominated by mixotrophic flagellates. Despite the very low light intensities and the presence of H 2 S, active photosynthesis by these algae appears to be occurring, as indicated by high values of the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry, electron transport activity, photosynthetic activity of photosystem II, the fraction of active centers, and low values of heat dissipation. In the reduced zone of the chemocline, a dense green or brown suspension of anoxygenic phototrophs(green sulfur bacteria) is located.  相似文献   

Evolutionary Processes in Low-Mass Binary Systems     

Peter P. Eggleton  Ludmila Kisseleva-Eggleton 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,296(1-4):327-336

We consider the evolution of certain low-mass binaries, incorporating models of (a) internal evolution, (b) tidal friction, (c) dynamo activity driven by an elementary α,Ω dynamo, (d) stellar wind driven by the activity, and (e) magnetic braking as a consequence of wind and poloidal dynamo-generated magnetic field. In some circumstances the stellar wind is found to remove mass on a nuclear timescale, as is necessary to explain some observed systems. We can hope that various uncertainties in the model may be clarified by a careful comparison of the models with such observed quantities as rotation periods. These are modified by processes (a), (b) and (e). Assuming that stellar evolution is slow, rotation rate should in some circumstances represent a balance between magnetic braking trying to slow the star down and tidal friction trying to spin it up. Preliminary attempts are promising, but indicate that some fine tuning is necessary. When there is a third body present, in an orbit which is inclined but not necessarily of short period, the eccentricity of a close binary can be strongly modified by ‘Kozai cycles’. We show that this may complicate attempts to account for spin rates of stars in close binaries.  相似文献   

海上平台桶形基础模型压力压贯与负压沉贯试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱儒弟  何生厚 《海岸工程》1999,18(1):60-66

介绍了海上平台桶形基础模型（模型桶）压力压贯和负压沉贯的试验概况,对比分析了两者贯入力的巨大差异和产生的原因,给出了模型桶压力压贯中贯入深度与压力的关系,负压没贯负压与贯入深度,抽吸泵流量,基土渗流量,桶内土塞隆起之间的关系,试验结果表明,负压沉贯可以大大降低以砂质粉土为基土的土抗力,为在胜利油田类似基土海域海上平台应用桶形基础提供了试验依据,为海上现场导管架桶形基础平台的安装就位施工和控制提供了  相似文献   

Late-Glacial and Early Holocene Environmental and Climatic Change at Lake Tambichozero, Southeastern Russian Karelia     

Barbara Wohlfarth  Ludmila Filimonova  Ole Bennike  Leif Bjrkman  Lars Brunnberg  Nadja Lavrova  Igor Demidov  Gran Possnert 《Quaternary Research》2002,58(3):261

High-resolution lithostratigraphy, mineral magnetic, carbon, pollen, and macrofossil analyses, and accelerator mass spectrometry ¹⁴C measurements were performed in the study of a sediment sequence from Lake Tambichozero, southeastern Russian Karelia, to reconstruct late-glacial and early Holocene aquatic and terrestrial environmental changes. The lake formed ca. 14,000 cal yr B.P. and the area around the lake was subsequently colonized by arctic plants, forming patches of pioneer communities surrounded by areas of exposed soil. A minor rise in lake productivity and the immigration of Betula pubescens occurred ca. 11,500 cal yr B.P. The rise in summer temperatures probably led to increased melting of remnant ice and enhanced erosion. The distinct increase in lake productivity and the development of open Betula-Populus forests, which are reconstructed based on plant macrofossil remains, indicate stable soils from 10,600 cal yr B.P. onward. Pinus and Picea probably became established ca. 9900 cal yr B.P.  相似文献   

Importance of climate,forest fires and human population size in the Holocene boreal forest composition change in northern Europe          下载免费PDF全文

Niina Kuosmanen  Heikki Seppä  Teija Alenius  Richard H. W. Bradshaw  Jennifer l. Clear  Ludmila Filimonova  Maija Heikkilä  Hans Renssen  Miikka Tallavaara  Triin Reitalu 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2016,45(4):688-702

The relative importance of climate, forest fires and human population size on long‐term boreal forest composition were statistically investigated at regional and local scales in Fennoscandia. We employ pollen data from lakes, reflecting regional vegetation, and small forest hollows, reflecting local vegetation, from Russia, Finland and Sweden to reconstruct the long‐term forest composition. As potential drivers of the Holocene forest dynamics we consider climate, generated from a climate model and oxygen isotope data, past forest fires generated from sedimentary charcoal data and human population size derived from radiocarbon dated archaeological findings. We apply the statistical method of variation partitioning to assess the relative importance of these environmental variables on long‐term boreal forest composition. The results show that climate is the main driver of the changes in Holocene boreal forest composition at the regional scale. However, at the local scale the role of climate is relatively small. In general, the importance of forest fires is low both at regional and local scales. The fact that both climate and forest fires explain relatively small proportions of variation in long‐term boreal vegetation in small forest hollow records demonstrates the complexity of factors affecting stand‐scale forest dynamics. The relative importance of human population size was low in both the prehistorical and the historical time periods. However, this is the first time that this type of data has been used to statistically assess the importance of human population size on boreal vegetation and the spatial representativeness of the data may cause bias to the analysis.  相似文献   

Motion Responses Analysis for Tidal Current Energy Platform: Quad-Spar and Catamaran Types     

Junianto  Sony  Mukhtasor  Prastianto  Rudi Walujo  Wardhana  Wisnu 《中国海洋工程》2020,34(5):677-687

China Ocean Engineering - One approach to support floating tidal current turbines is by using a moored catamaran, a barge type platform. Considering its low draft, one might expect that it performs...  相似文献   

Paleolithic archeology and the paleogeographical study of loess-paleosol sequences in Eastern Europe     

Elena I. Kurenkova  Yuri N. Gribchenko  Ludmila V. Grekhova 《GeoJournal》1995,36(2-3):229-235

The paper is concerned with problems of the study of Paleolithic sites in the loess regions of the Russian Plain. It is of great significance to correlate prehistorical settlement with Upper Pleistocene cycles of loess and soil formation — not solely in the reconstruction of paleoenvironments. From the cultural layers at various sites paleontological finds and objects were collected for radiocarbon dating. A complex analysis of archeological objects embedded in the loess-paleosol sequence helps us date Upper Pleistocene loess formation cycles. The data acquired from the investigation of the lithological properties of loess and their modification through time and their dependence on relief characteristics permitted a correlation between the various paleoenvironments and the dust accumulation cycles, which played a decisive role in the selection of the most habitable sites.  相似文献   

一种四维绘图软件Vis5d使用要点简述     

屠妮妮  陈静  夏茹娣 《高原山地气象研究》2007,27(1)

Vis5D是美国威士康星-麦迪逊大学空间科学与工程中心(SSEC)研制的可视化系统,主要有Bill Hibbard 和Johan Kellum 完成.Vis5D能够直观而清晰地显示3维立体图形,适用于中尺度研究结果,尤其是云物理结构研究.本文介绍了Vis5D的安装过程以及数据文件转换为v5d格式的方法,并以GRAPES数值模式输出产品为例进行了初步的可视化试验.  相似文献   

Microbial ecology of the stratified water column of the Black Sea as revealed by a comprehensive biomarker study   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Stuart G. Wakeham  Rudi Amann  Katherine H. Freeman  Ellen C. Hopmans  Bo Barker Jrgensen  Isabell F. Putnam  Stefan Schouten  Jaap S. Sinninghe Damst  Helen M. Talbot  Dagmar Woebken 《Organic Geochemistry》2007,38(12):2070-2097

The stratified water column of the Black Sea is partitioned into oxic, suboxic, and euxinic zones, each characterized by different biogeochemical processes and by distinct microbial communities. In 2003, we collected particulate matter by large volume in situ filtration at the highest resolution to date for lipid biomarker analysis and bacterioplankton for enumeration of major prokaryotic groups. Abundances of several prokaryotic groups were estimated using CARD-FISH probes specific for Bacteria, Archaea (Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota), epsilonproteobacteria (mainly sulfide oxidizers) and sulfate reducing bacteria. We also measured a wide range of bacterial and archaeal lipid biomarkers. Depth distributions of diagnostic biomarkers are matched with zonation of microbial processes, including aerobic bacterial oxidation of methane, oxidation of ammonium by bacteria and archaea, metal reduction, and sulfide oxidation at the chemocline, and bacterial sulfate reduction and anaerobic oxidation of methane by archaea in the anoxic zone. Cell densities for archaea and sulfate reducing bacteria are estimated based on water column biomarker concentrations and compared with CARD-FISH results.  相似文献   

Basement morphology and rift geometry near the former junction of India,Australia, and Antarctica     

Rudi G. Markl 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1978,39(2):211-225

Magnetic and gravity anomaly data, together with features of the basement topography presented here show that the continental margin of western Australia, including the Naturaliste plateau, was shaped by NE-SW-trending rift segments offset by nearly orthogonal transform faults. A steep landward gradient of the isostatic gravity field and a lineated magnetic anomaly which occur together at the continental slope are interpreted as marking the ocean-continent boundary of the rifted margin off Perth and the sheared margin between Perth and the Wallaby plateaus. Anomalies diagnostic of the ocean-continent boundary are not observed at the margins of the Naturaliste plateau; the geometry of the rift zone here is adduced from the disposition of magnetic lineations, fracture zones, and basement features. A geophysical survey of the Naturaliste fracture zone shows it to be a continuous basement trough extending from the Diamantina fracture zone 800 km northwest to Dirck Hartog ridge. Similar basement troughs west of and orthogonal to the fracture zone imply that the region west/southwest of the Naturaliste plateau was, like the region north of it, formerly occupied by Greater India. Marine magnetic anomaly and basement trends suggest that the oceanic crust between the plateau and Diamantina fracture zone could be substantially older than Paleocene, heretofore the oldest crust identified between Australia and Antarctica.  相似文献