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Shengrui Zhang Qinghai Xu Anne Birgitte Nielsen Hui Chen Yuecong Li Manyue Li Lingyun Hun Jianyong Li 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2012,41(4):602-613
The Qaidam Basin is one of the most sensitive areas to climate change in China, owing to its unique geographical position and ecological condition. In this study, 32 surface‐soil pollen samples were collected to reveal the relationship between modern pollen assemblages, vegetation and precipitation in the eastern region of the Qaidam Basin. The results show that Chenopodiaceae (3.8–87%, average 48%), Artemisia (1.7–64.2%, average 17.5%) and Ephedra (0–90%, average 16.3%) are the dominant pollen types in all samples, and that different pollen assemblages correspond to different vegetation types. DCA and CCA of major pollen types demonstrate that precipitation is an important factor in the control of the distribution of vegetation in the study area. The content and concentration of the three major pollen types (Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and Ephedra) change with the mean annual precipitation, and the optimum mean annual precipitation for Ephedra, Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia is <80, 80–200 and >160 mm, respectively. Correlation analysis between the variation in grain size of the three major pollen types and the main environmental variables shows that the grain size of the three pollen types is positively correlated with precipitation in the Qaidam Basin. The results confirm that precipitation is the most important environmental factor in the Qaidam Basin, and that it has an important effect on pollen grain size in the study area. 相似文献
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本文对泥河湾盆地籍箕滩剖面地表下65～ 75cm、140～150cm、190～ 200cm和300～310cm处的4块泥质样品进行了AMS14C测年,校正后的年代分别为2117cal.a B.P.、3081cal.a B.P.、5481cal.aB.P.和6420cal.a B.P.,表明籍箕滩剖面305cm以上地层形成于全新世中晚期.籍箕滩剖面的孢粉、炭屑和磁化率分析,揭示了研究区中全新世以来的植被演替、气候变化和人类活动的影响.6400～ 5800cal.a B.P.,气候总体温暖湿润,籍箕滩南面的浅山地带可能有森林生长,孢粉百分比和炭屑含量的变化表明,该阶段植被对气候变化和人类活动影响非常敏感.6000cal.a B.P.前人类活动使籍箕滩剖面南面浅山地带的森林遭到一定破坏;6000～5800cal.a B.P.,籍箕滩周边的人类活动可能有所减弱或迁移他处,籍箕滩剖面南面浅山地带的森林得到一定恢复;5500 cal.a B.P.左右的降温事件和4000 cal.a B.P.左右的干旱事件以及人类活动,使得泥河湾盆地的森林植被破坏后再也没有恢复到之前的景观,草原植被迅速发展;4000～2000cal.a B.P.,气候以冷干为主,区域内森林植被几近消失,只在水分条件较好的地方有小片阔叶灌丛林生长,植被类型表现为草原或干草原.泥河湾盆地中晚全新世以来的气候变化与其他地方的对比表明,东亚季风的衰退具同步性. 相似文献
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With the progress of study on global climate change and the sensitivity simulation of various climate systems, human activities might be one of important factors driving climate change in historical periods. Therefore, since the beginning of this century, Land Cover Change has become the currently hot topic of global change research and climate simulation. The establishment of pollen-vegetation-land use relationship may be one of the effective ways to obtain quantitative estimates of human impact on natural environment. Therefore, in the Taihang Mountains,two small watersheds were selected to detect the relationships quantitatively among pollen, vegetation and land-use of small watershed by using pollen data. There are natural vegetation components and crop pollen types in pollen assemblages, which well reflect the relationships among pollen, vegetation and land-use in small watershed. As altitude decreases, the area of farmland, the intensity of human activities and the cereal, vegetable pollen percentages increases. The regression analysis of pollen percentages and land-use indicate that a linear positive relationship exists between the percentages of cereals, vegetables pollens and the area of farmland, which has a significance for human activities. 相似文献
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Shengrui Zhang Jule Xiao Qinghai Xu Ruilin Wen Jiawei Fan Yun Huang Manyue Li Jian Liang 《第四纪科学杂志》2020,35(6):831-840
Studies of the vegetation response to abrupt climatic events may provide valuable insights into assessing the impacts of such events under future global warming scenarios. Here we present a detailed record of regional vegetation change based on high-resolution pollen records for the intervals 9000–7000 and 5000–3000 cal a bp from the Hulun Lake region of north-eastern China. Our aims were to determine the regional expression of the 8.2- and 4.2-ka events in north-eastern China, especially their effects on vegetation composition. The results show that the response of the vegetation of the Hulun Lake region to the climatic cooling of the 8.2-ka event was relatively minor; however, the 4.2-ka event, which resulted in climatic aridification, resulted in pronounced vegetation degradation. We suggest that the specific characteristics of the 8.2- and 4.2-ka events, together with their duration and the regional climatic background on an orbital time scale, were the main factors responsible for the contrasting vegetation responses. The strengthening and northward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) tended to offset the cooling effect of the 8.2-ka event on regional vegetation in the mid–high latitudes of East Asia; in contrast, the decrease in summer insolation in the Northern Hemisphere and the southward shift of the ITCZ may have intensified the drought effect of the 4.2-ka event in East Asia and the associated vegetation degradation. Under future global warming scenarios, both extreme cooling events and extreme drought events may cause a deterioration of the ecological environment; however, the resulting regional vegetation responses may be substantially different. 相似文献
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Reconstructing the spatial patterns of regional climate and vegetation during specific intervals in the past is important for assessing the possible responses of the ecological environment under future global warming scenarios. In this study, we reconstructed the history of regional vegetation and climate based on six radiocarbon-dated pollen records from the North China Plain. Combining the results with existing pollen records, we reconstruct the paleoenvironment of the North China Plain during the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM) and the Holocene Climatic Optimum(HCO). The results show that changes in the regional vegetation since the LGM were primarily determined by climatic conditions, the geomorphic landscape and by human activity.During the LGM, the climate was cold and dry; mixed broadleaf-coniferous forest and deciduous-evergreen broadleaf forest developed in the southern mountains, and cold-resistant coniferous forest and mixed broadleaf-coniferous forest were present in the northern mountains. The forest cover was relatively low, with mesophytic and hygrophilous meadow occupying the southern part of the plain, and temperate grassland and desert steppe were distributed in the north; Chenopodiaceae-dominated halophytes grew on the exposed continental shelf of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. During the HCO, the climate was warm and wet;deciduous broadleaf forest and deciduous-evergreen broadleaf forest, with subtropical species, developed in the southern mountains, and deciduous broadleaf forest with thermophilic species was present in northern mountains. Although the degree of forest cover was greater than during the LGM, the vegetation of the plain area was still dominated by herbs, while halophytes had migrated inland due to sea level rise. In addition, the expansion of human activities, especially the intensification of cultivation,had a significant influence on the natural vegetation. Our results provide data and a scientific basis for paleoclimate modelling and regional carbon cycle assessment in north China, with implications for predicting changes in the ecological environment under future global warming scenarios. 相似文献
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Heinrich 1事件是发生于末次冰消期的极端气候突变事件之一,对全球大气环流和陆地生态格局产生了深刻影响.基于对东亚夏季风边缘区最北端呼伦湖 HL08 孔5. 75 m 以上沉积岩芯的 AMS 14C定年技术和 415~275 cm段140个样品的孢粉分析,重建了东亚中高纬地区呼伦湖21500~13000 cal. a B. P.高分辨率植被变化历史,在此基础上揭示了Heinrich 1事件期间呼伦湖区植被响应过程,明确了Heinrich 1事件在东亚中高纬地区的表现特征.结果显示:呼伦湖区Heinrich 1事件发生于16500~15400 cal. a B. P.,以剧烈降温和显著干旱化为表现特征;事件发生期间湖区周围山地发育亚高山草甸,森林植被稀疏;湖盆区域以藜科为主的荒漠草原显著扩张,区域植被盖度降低、生态环境明显恶化;同时,不同植被类型对Heinrich 1事件的响应存在明显差别,亚高山草甸和蒿属为主的典型草原较藜科为主的荒漠草原和桦属为主的落叶阔叶林响应更为快速、敏感. 相似文献
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