Nation states, ideological power and globalisation: can geographers catch the boat?     

Martin Jones  Rhys Jones 《Geoforum》2004,35(4):409-424

After a period of considerable and sustained hegemony, many commentators have argued that contemporary processes of globalisation are acting as a challenge to nation state sovereignty. The paper argues that geographers need to focus on the ways in which the nation state continues to act, albeit in a modified manner, within the era of globalisation. This might help to position geography within globalisation debates, which--according to Dicken [Geographers and `globalization': (yet) another missed boat? forthcoming, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2004]--we have not been centrally involved in. Drawing on the work of Michael Mann, we focus on a neglected dimension of state power--namely, its ideological form--as a means of exploring how the nation state is being differentially re-engineered under globalisation. Using Mann's classification of forms of ideological organisation, we deploy three vignettes in order to demonstrate the evolving nature of ideological power within the contemporary UK State.  相似文献   

Evidence for centennial-scale Lateglacial and early Holocene climatic complexity from Quoyloo Meadow,Orkney, Scotland     

Rhys G. O. Timms  Ashley M. Abrook  Ian P. Matthews  Christopher P. Francis  Agnieszka Mroczkowska  Ian Candy  Stephen J. Brooks  Alice M. Milner  Adrian P. Palmer 《第四纪科学杂志》2021,36(3):339-359

The influence of the North Atlantic on the margins of Europe means the region is particularly sensitive to changes in the ocean–atmospheric system. During the Last Glacial–Interglacial Transition (16–8 cal ka bp ) this system was repeatedly disrupted, leading to a series of abrupt and short-lived shifts in climate. Despite much research, the number and magnitude of these ‘centennial-scale’ events is not well understood. To address this, we expand upon investigations at Quoyloo Meadow, Orkney, Scotland, one of the best chronologically constrained palaeoclimate records in northern Britain. By coupling stable isotope and chironomid fossil analyses with existing data, this study identifies multiple phases of centennial-scale disturbance at: c. 14.0, 11.1, 10.8, 10.5, 10.45 and 10.3 cal ka bp , with the events at 14.0 and 10.3 exhibiting a particularly pronounced cold-climate signature. During the Holocene, the strongest response to climate forcing was at c. 10.3–10.0 cal ka bp , expressed as a two-stage drop in mean July temperatures, a shift in pollen spectra indicative of ‘less-stable’ climatic regimes, and a depletion in δ¹⁸O values. We interpret this as the first reliably dated incidence of the ‘10.3-ka event’ in the British Isles and consider the wider impact of this climatic reversal in other Holocene records.  相似文献   

Landform investigation utilizing digitally processed satellite thematic mapper imagery     

Arwyn Rhys Jones 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1987,37(2):171-185

The potential of remotely sensed imagery for Earth science applications has been widely recognised for many years. However, with the advent of space borne sensors, a totally new perspective from which to view the Earth's surface has been available to such disciplines as geology and geography. Primary in this development was the deployment of the Landsat series of Earth observation satellites with their multispectral scanning capability. Although standard single band imagery and false-colour composites contain much geomorphological detail, a great deal more information can be extracted from the digital output of such scanners if the data is subjected to computer-assisted image processing.  相似文献   

Temporal evolution of a post-caldera,mildly peralkaline magmatic system: Furnas volcano,São Miguel,Azores     

A. J. Jeffery  R. Gertisser  B. O’Driscoll  J. M. Pacheco  S. Whitley  A. Pimentel  S. Self 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2016,171(5):42

  相似文献   

Climate change during the Triassic and Jurassic          下载免费PDF全文

Rhys Harris  Robert McCall  Oliver Randall  Muhammad Hafiz Bin Tawang  Rhys Williams  Jonathan G. Fairman  David M. Schultz 《Geology Today》2017,33(6):210-215

The transition from the Triassic to Jurassic is associated with dramatic changes in Earth's climate. Pangaea was breaking up as North America rifted away from Africa, the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province erupted, and the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide increased dramatically. This article summarises the changes in Earth's climate associated with this transition, including a discussion of the various impacts of the increased carbon dioxide on the Earth system, the question of whether the wet episode in the Carnian was a global or regional event, the formation of bauxite deposits, and how dinosaur distributions changed over time. Palaeoclimate model simulations reveal the spatial changes in climate between the Triassic and Jurassic, illustrating the subtropics becoming slightly cooler and wetter despite the warming trend for the Earth's average temperature.  相似文献   

REE in charnockite and associated rocks,southwest Sweden     

Fred H. Hubbard  John E. Whitley 《Lithos》1979,12(1):1-11

The rate earth element compositions of a suite of high-grade metamorphic and plutonic rocks which outcrop in the Varberg region of southwest Sweden are presented. A plutonic complex containing both charnockitic and non-charnockitic elements intrudes country rocks of upper amphibolite and granulite facies grade. The REE data for the country rocks sustain the view that they are supracrustal origin and support the importance placed on these elements in investigations of metamorphic rock progenitors. The progressive change in REE characteristics found for the various units of the plutonic association confirms that they represent rational stages in differentiation from a common parent. The end-product of this differentiation is a granite with the REE concentration and distribution found, elsewhere in the Baltic Shield, to characterize Rapakivi granite. The progressive change in REE with time suggested for the Baltic Shield by other authors finds support in the results of this study.  相似文献   

An investigation of rare-earth mobility: Fenitized quartzites,Borralan complex,N.W. Scotland     

Martin  Robert F.  Whitley  John E.  Woolley  Alan R. 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1978,66(1):69-73

Examples of fenitization of pure quartzites provide valuable insight into the relative mobility of elements. This investigation of fenites from the Borralan complex shows that rare-earth elements are mobile and added during fenitization of quartzite. The resulting normalized patterns are distinctive in their enrichment of the light rare earths and steep drops in the interval Nd-Eu. In terms of rare-earth geochemistry, no difference can be found between the sodic and the potassic trends of fenitization at Borralan. Concentrations of mobile elements define straight-line plots through the origin, heretofore considered a criterion indicative of a fractional crystallization process.Present address: Department of Geological Sciences, McGill University, 3450 University Street, Montreal, Que. H3A 2A7, Canada  相似文献   

The design storm concept in flood control design and planning     

T. V. Hromadka  R. J. Whitley 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1988,2(3):213-239

The design storm approach, where the subject criterion variable is evaluated by using a synthetic storm pattern composed of identical return frequencies of storm pattern input, is shown to be an effective approximation to a considerably more complex probabilistic model. The single area unit hydrograph technique is shown to be an accurate mathematical model of a highly discretized catchment with linear routing for channel flow approximation, and effective rainfalls in subareas which are linear with respect to effective rainfall output for a selected “loss” function. The use of a simple “loss” function which directly equates to the distribution of rainfall depth-duration statistics (such as a constant fraction of rainfall, or a ?-index model) is shown to allow the pooling of data and thereby provide a higher level of statistical significance (in estimating T-year outputs for a hydrologic criterion variable) than use of an arbitrary “loss” function. The above design storm unit hydrograph approach is shown to provide the T-year estimate of a criterion variable when using rainfall data to estimate runoff.  相似文献   

Plastic contamination in the decapod crustacean Nephrops norvegicus (Linnaeus, 1758)     

Murray F  Cowie PR 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(6):1207-1217

The aim of this study was to determine the extent Nephrops consumes plastics in the Clyde Sea and if this intake occurs through their diet. Plastic contamination was found to be high in Nephrops, 83% of the animals sampled contained plastics (predominately filaments) in their stomachs. Tightly tangled balls of plastic strands were found in 62% of the animals studied but were least prevalent in animals which had recently moulted. No significant difference in plastic load was observed between males and females. Raman spectroscopy indicated that some of the microfilaments identified from gut contents could be sourced to fishing waste. Nephrops fed fish seeded with strands of polypropylene rope were found to ingest but not to excrete the strands. The fishery for Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, is the most valuable in Scotland and the high prevalence of plastics in Nephrops may have implications for the health of the stock.  相似文献   

On the Inclusion of Some Biological Impacts and Influences in Coupled Transport Phenomena in Unsaturated Soil     

Hywel Rhys Thomas  Suresh Channarayapatna Seetharam  Philip James Vardon 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2011,29(2):181-191

This paper presents a first attempt at the inclusion of some biological impacts and influences in the authors’ continued research on coupled transport phenomena through unsaturated porous media. The work presented here forms an extension to an existing coupled Thermo-Hydraulic-Chemical–Mechanical Model (THCM) to include the biological aspects, as a first attempt towards a new THCMB framework. The biological model incorporates biodegradation kinetics of organic substrates and resultant effects in the inorganic geochemistry. In order to achieve this, the biological aspects of the model are coupled to an equilibrium geochemical model following a two-step partial equilibrium approach. Additionally, of concern in contaminant/pollutant transport studies, including the biological aspects, is the effect on human health. This paper therefore also presents some aspects of a health impact analysis model adopted in this study.  相似文献