Policy Prescriptions for the Post Cold War World     

Saul B. Cohen 《The Professional geographer》1992,44(1):13-16

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Factor analysis of trends in energy and metals production and consumption in developed and developing countries     

Saul B. Suslick 《Natural Resources Research》1998,7(3):211-224

This paper presents a methodology used to combine energy and mineral market variables between Less Developed Countries (LDCs) and Developed Countries (OECD) over the past 24 years (1966–1990). LDCs include all countries, except OECD and central planned economies (CIS) and other countries in Eastern Europe. This period permits a comprehensive view of the impact of the energy crisis and the changes in economic growth patterns, correlated with changes in trends of production and consumption of energy and metals in both country blocs. This complex relationship was evaluated by a factor model of consumption and production variables using the aluminum, copper, lead, and zinc industries. The following variables are used in the factor model: export dependence, geographic concentration of mining production, geographic concentration of refined demand, geographic concentration of refined production, import dependence, refined demand growth, stability of demand, income elasticity of refined demand, price stability, intensity of use, and intensity of energy. The model for all commodities shows that the factor scores projections for LDCs and OECD blocs depicted a clearly divergent trend after the two oil shocks (1973–1979), when the intensity of energy variable presents high loading in the factor. The results are in substantial agreement with findings that the demand for energy, as well as for metals, is growing more rapidly in LDCs than OECD.  相似文献   

Magnetic braking of Ap/Bp stars: application to compact black-hole X-ray binaries     

Stephen Justham  Saul Rappaport  Philipp Podsiadlowski 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,366(4):1415-1423

We examine the proposal that the subset of neutron-star and black-hole X-ray binaries that form with Ap or Bp star companions will experience systemic angular-momentum losses due to magnetic braking, not otherwise operative with intermediate-mass companion stars. We suggest that for donor stars possessing the anomalously high magnetic fields associated with Ap and Bp stars, a magnetically coupled, irradiation-driven stellar wind can lead to substantial systemic loss of angular momentum. Hence, these systems, which would otherwise not be expected to experience 'magnetic braking', evolve to shorter orbital periods during mass transfer. In this paper, we detail how such a magnetic braking scenario operates. We apply it to a specific astrophysics problem involving the formation of compact black-hole binaries with low-mass donor stars. At present, it is not understood how these systems form, given that low-mass companion stars are not likely to provide sufficient gravitational potential to unbind the envelope of the massive progenitor of the black hole during a prior 'common-envelope' phase. On the other hand, intermediate-mass companions, such as Ap and Bp stars, could more readily eject the common envelope. However, in the absence of magnetic braking, such systems tend to evolve to long orbital periods. We show that, with the proposed magnetic braking properties afforded by Ap and Bp companions, such a scenario can lead to the formation of compact black-hole binaries with orbital periods, donor masses, lifetimes and production rates that are in accord with the observations. In spite of these successes, our models reveal a significant discrepancy between the calculated effective temperatures and the observed spectral types of the donor stars. Finally, we show that this temperature discrepancy would still exist for other scenarios invoking initially intermediate-mass donor stars, and this presents a substantial unresolved mystery.  相似文献   

Oceanography and marine biology, 10: Harold Barnes (editor). George Allen and Unwin,London, 1972, 565 pp., £10.50     

Saul B. Saila 《Marine Geology》1975,18(3):139-157

A bathymetric survey of the Gilliss Seamount, in the northwest Atlantic Basin, using a multi-beam sonar array system reveals an extremely complex morphologic character of this feature. A new chart provides the most detailed topographic presentation of an Atlantic seamount published to date and highlights the similarity of the Gilliss Seamount with terrestrial strata-volcanoes. Bottom photographs and samples reveal pillow-Iava formation. Seismic profiles show that the volcanic basement is irregularly covered by acoustically transparent deposits that are as much as 668 m thick. Volcanic debris and sediments locally are displaced down the flanks of the seamount. Bottom photographs and cores indicate that the transparent layer has accumulated slowly by deposition from suspensate-rich (mostly clay and planktonic foraminifera) water masses that flow around the mid to lower sectors of this submarine volcano. Bottom-current activity also modifies the abyssal plain turbidite-hemipelagic sequence surrounding the seamount.  相似文献   

Fertility of the sea: Vol. 1 and 2. J. D. Costlow. Gordon and Breach,London, 1971, 308 pp. and 622 pp., £14.60     

Saul B. Saila 《Marine Geology》1973,14(1):79

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An annual review of oceanography and marine biology, 9: Harold Barnes (editor). Allen and Unwin,London, 1971, 447 pp., £7.80     

Saul B. Saila 《Marine Geology》1972

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A receiver function perspective of the Dharwar craton (India) crustal structure   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dipankar Sarkar  M. Ravi Kumar  Joachim Saul  Rainer Kind  P. S. Raju  R. K. Chadha  A. K. Shukla 《Geophysical Journal International》2003,154(1):205-211

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Differences in the Crustal and Uppermost Mantle Structure of the Bohemian Massif from Teleseismic Receiver Functions     

M. Wilde-Piórko  J. Saul  M. Grad 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2005,49(1):85-107

A target of our study was the Bohemian Massif in Central Europe that was emplaced during the Variscan orogeny. We used teleseismic records from ten broadband stations lying within and around the massif. Different techniques of receiver function interpretation were applied, including 1-D inversion of R- and Q-components, forward modelling of V _s velocity, and simultaneous determination of Moho depth and Poissons ratio in the crust. These results provide new, independent information about the distribution of S wave velocity down to about 60 km depth. In the area of Bohemian Massif, the crustal thickness varies from 29 km in the NW to 40 km in the SE. A relatively simple velocity structure with gradually increasing velocities in the crust and uppermost mantle is observed in the eastern part of the Bohemian Massif. The western part of the massif is characterized by more complicated structure with low S wave velocities in the upper crust, as well as in the uppermost mantle. This could be related to tectono-magmatic activity in the Eger rift that started in the uppermost Cretaceous and was active in the West Bohemia-Vogland area till the late Cenozoic.  相似文献   

A prediction for three neutrino masses and mixings and similarity between quark and lepton mixings     

Saul Barshay  Patrick Heiliger 《Astroparticle Physics》1997,6(3-4):323-327

If neutrinos have mass, we give reasons for a possible pattern of three (squaed) mass eigenvalues: m₁² (2.8−5.8) (eV)², m₂² 0.01 (eV)², m₃² (1.5−1) × 10⁻⁴ (eV)². The flavor states ν_μ and ν_e are mixtures of the eigenstates with m₂ and m₃ with a significant mixing, corresponding to an effective mixing angle of about 0.45. The ν_τ is nearly the state with m₁; the other two effective mixing angles are about an order of magnitude smaller than 0.45. There is a marked similarity to mixing in the quark sector.  相似文献   

Geographic Gender Studies: Fresh Approaches,but with Integration     

Saul B. Cohen 《The Professional geographer》1990,42(2):231-232

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