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1.
Recursive algorithm for fast GNSS orbit fitting 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Gaussian elimination is an efficient and numerically stable algorithm for estimating parameters and their precision. However, before estimating the parameters, it is often prudent to perform statistical tests to achieve the best fitting model. We use Gaussian elimination to select the best fitting model among candidate models. A succinct relationship between the weighted sum of squared residuals and the previous one is revealed by a volume formula. For quick parameter estimation and determination of weighted sum of squared residuals, a recursive elimination algorithm is proposed in the context of Gaussian elimination. In order to improve the model selection efficiency, the parameter estimation and the determination of the weighted sum of squared residuals are carried out in parallel using the proposed recursive elimination algorithm in which the improvement at each recursive stage is judged by the Bayesian information criterion. Ultimately, the computational complexity and numerical stability of the recursive elimination proposed are briefly discussed, and a GNSS orbit interpolation example is used to verify the results. It shows that the proposed recursive elimination algorithm inherits the numerical stability of the Gaussian elimination, and this algorithm can be used to examine the gain from the newly introduced parameter, dynamically assess the fitting model, and fix the optimal model efficiently. The optimal fitting model with the lowest information is very close to the real situation verified by checkpoints. 相似文献
2.
Shuqiang Xue Jiping Liu Jinzhong Mi Chun Dong Yingyan Cheng 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(11):2155-2170
The calculation of surface area is meaningful for a variety of space-filling phenomena, e.g., the packing of plants or animals within an area of land. With Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data we can calculate the surface area by using a continuous surface model, such as by the Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN). However, just as the triangle-based surface area discussed in this paper, the surface area is generally biased because it is a nonlinear mapping about the DEM data which contain measurement errors. To reduce the bias in the surface area, we propose a second-order bias correction by applying nonlinear error propagation to the triangle-based surface area. This process reveals that the random errors in the DEM data result in a bias in the triangle-based surface area while the systematic errors in the DEM data can be reduced by using the height differences. The bias is theoretically given by a probability integral which can be approximated by numerical approaches including the numerical integral and the Monte Carlo method; but these approaches need a theoretical distribution assumption about the DEM measurement errors, and have a very high computational cost. In most cases, we only have variance information on the measurement errors; thus, a bias estimation based on nonlinear error propagation is proposed. Based on the second-order bias estimation proposed, the variance of the surface area can be improved immediately by removing the bias from the original variance estimation. The main results are verified by the Monte Carlo method and by the numerical integral. They show that an unbiased surface area can be obtained by removing the proposed bias estimation from the triangle-based surface area originally calculated from the DEM data. 相似文献
3.
海水声速的时空变化会使声波沿传播方向发生折射,有效消除声波的折射效应对提高水下声学定位精度至关重要。在声速剖面已知的情况下,声线跟踪是削弱折射效应的有效方法。但现有的声线跟踪方法要求波束入射角为已知,而基于距离交会原理的水下声学定位系统通常未对波束入射角进行直接观测。针对上述问题,提出了顾及波束入射角的常梯度声线跟踪水下定位算法,采用搜索法确定波束入射角,通过对声线跟踪与定位解算的迭代计算,实现波束入射角和目标坐标的渐次修正。为进一步提高计算效率,提出了迭代求解超越方程的解算法。试验结果表明,本文方法有效利用声速剖面消除了声线折射效应的影响,且解算法计算效率优于搜索法。 相似文献
5.
基于文献计量方法的国际地理科学研究机构竞争力分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
本文利用2000-2015年WOS（Web of Science）的原始数据,以科研产出为视角,基于文献计量法,运用信息检索技术和TDA等引文分析工具,对遴选出的13个国际上具代表性的地理科学研究机构（中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所、北京大学城市与环境学院、北京师范大学地理与遥感学院、牛津大学地理与环境学院、剑桥大学地理系、伦敦大学联邦、加州大学系统、马里兰大学系统、杜伦大学地理系、伯明翰大学地理地球与环境科学学院、布里斯托大学地理科学学院、英属哥伦比亚大学地理系、国际应用系统分析研究所）的科研生产力、影响力、学科结构、国际合作力、重要成果等方面的发展现状进行了统计分析,结果显示,马里兰大学系统地理系总体学科影响力相对较强。中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所SCI&SSCI论文总数以绝对优势占居领先地位,但被引用情况却不尽人意,这也从一个侧面反映出学术影响力提升空间较大;与此同时,随着国际合作范围的扩展和国际合作能力的不断提升,该研究所的前沿开拓与创新发展力逐步走强。 相似文献
6.
先验随机模型本身的误差会给参数估计带来随机性影响,水下定位等权随机模型简单却不符合实际。基于这一事实,在水下声纳定位模型和随机模型基础上,讨论了随机模型不完善对参数估计的影响。考虑了影响定位主要误差源与高度角之间的关系,结合统计经验提出了基于声线高度角相关的水下定位随机模型。试验表明,优化后的高度角相关随机模型在定位精度上较等权随机模型有所提高。因此,在水下定位中,应减少低高度角观测值的权重,利用提出的随机模型可以减小高度角观测误差对定位精度的影响。 相似文献
7.
卫星精密轨道的确定是北斗卫星导航系统位置与服务的核心技术之一,而国家基准站是影响卫星轨道精度的一个重要因素。本文基于中国测绘科学研究院国际GNSS监测与评估中心自主开发的软件计算国家基准站和MGEX站对北斗卫星精密定轨的影响。得出结果：加上国家基准站后GEO卫星轨道精度平均能达到2.0 m,比没有国家基准站时提高约14%,在GEO切向方向改善最为明显,大约提高30%。IGSO和MEO卫星也有所提高。加上国家基准站后,三类卫星的轨道重复弧段的径向精度优于5 cm。有了国家基准站数据BDS精密轨道会有明显的改善。国家基准站的建立使我国北斗导航卫星的服务能力有很大提高。 相似文献
8.
海岛岸线遥感立体测图精细测量方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
提出了一种海岛岸线遥感测图精细测量新方法,该方法直接基于理论定义的海岸线,利用航空影像瞬时水涯线数据在立体测图环境中提取瞬时水位高程;利用海岛周边精密海潮模型和瞬时水位高程推算海岛岸线高程;最后依据海岛岸线高程,采用立体测图方法测制海岛岸线的平面位置。该方法确保了海岛岸线成果的唯一性和连续性,适合大比例尺的大陆海岸线和海岛岸线测量。测试结果显示,在较高精度海潮模型和海面地形支持下,海岛岸线高程精度优于0.2 m,可满足1：2000测图要求。 相似文献
9.
面向食品领域的图像检索和分类等方面的研究成为多媒体分析和应用领域越来越受关注的研究课题之一.当前的主要研究方法基于全图提取视觉特征,但由于食品图像背景噪音的存在使得提取的视觉特征不够鲁棒,进而影响食品图像检索和分类的性能.为此,本文提出了一种基于Faster R-CNN网络的食品图像检索和分类方法.首先通过Faster R-CNN检测图像中的候选食品区域,然后通过卷积神经网络（CNN）方法提取候选区域的视觉特征,避免了噪音的干扰使得提取的视觉特征更具有判别力.此外,选取来自视觉基因库中标注好的食品图像集微调Faster R-CNN网络,以保证Faster R-CNN食品区域检测的准确度.在包括233类菜品和49 168张食品图像的Dish-233数据集上进行实验.全面的实验评估表明：基于Faster R-CNN食品区域检测的视觉特征提取方法可以有效地提高食品图像检索和分类的性能. 相似文献
10.
Island shoreline mapping based on field measurements by collecting visually discernible features is costly and even unrealistic to be implemented in practice because of the nonuniqueness, fuzziness, and ambiguity of shoreline features. The MHHW (the mean higher high water) shoreline, i.e., the intersection of the coastal profile with the MHHW, is recommended to be chosen as a significant shoreline indicator of an island. An approach for mapping the MHHW shoreline using the aerial/satellite stereo images is proposed. In the proposed procedure, first, the height difference between the instantaneous shoreline and the MHHW shoreline is calculated by the ocean tide model; then the orthometric/normal height of the instantaneous shoreline is determined from the stereo images; last, the instantaneous shoreline is used as an intermediate for determination of the height of the MHHW shoreline. The proposed procedure is applied to the MiaoZiHu Island located in the East China Sea. Preliminary experimental result shows that in ideal cases, the horizontal positional accuracy of the extracted shoreline can reach 0.2 m from aerial images of 0.1 m resolution. 相似文献