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Hiroshi Ishida Lars G. Golmen Julia West Martin Krüger Patricia Coombs John Arthur Berge Tastuo Fukuhara Michimasa Magi Jun Kita 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) methods, either sub-seabed or in ocean depths, introduces risk of CO2 leakage and subsequent interaction with the ecosystem. It is therefore important to obtain information on possible effects of CO2. In situ CO2 exposure experiments were carried out twice for 10 days during 2005 using a Benthic Chamber system at 400 m depth in Storfjorden, Norway. pCO2 in the water above the sediment in the chambers was controlled at approximately 500, 5000 and 20,000 μatm, respectively. This article describes the experiment and the results from measured the biological responses within the chamber sediments. The results show effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on biological processes such as increased nanobenthos density. Methane production and sulphate reduction was enhanced in the approximately 5000 μatm chamber. 相似文献
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Makoto Taguchi Tetsuya Fukuhara Masahiko Futaguchi Mitsuteru Sato Takeshi Imamura Kazuaki Mitsuyama Masato Nakamura Munetaka Ueno Makoto Suzuki Naomoto Iwagami George L. Hashimoto 《Icarus》2012,219(1):502-504
Mid-infrared images of almost the entire Venus nightside hemisphere obtained by the Longwave Infrared Camera (LIR) onboard Akatsuki on December 9 and 10, 2010 reveal that the brightness temperature of the cloud-top ranges from 237 K in the cold polar collars to 243 K in the equatorial region, significantly higher than the values obtained by Venera 15. Other characteristic features of the temperature distributions observed are zonal belt structures seen in the middle and low latitudes and patchy temperature structures or quasi-periodic streaks extending in a north–south direction in the northern middle latitudes and southern low latitudes. 相似文献
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J. Akai A. Kanekiyo N. Hishida M. Ogawa T. Naganuma H. Fukuhara H.N. Anawar 《Applied Geochemistry》2008
Arsenic release experiments using natural indigenous microbial assemblages and natural sediment samples in Bangladesh have been performed. The As release appears to be facilitated by moderate organic input. Addition of some nutrients caused reducing conditions, which may generate the appropriate environment for Fe-reducing bacteria to become active. Detailed cellular phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis suggests the presence of SO4-reducing and Fe-reducing bacteria in the sediments. These Fe-reducing bacteria may serve as the agents catalyzing As release in the organic-rich sediments. 16S rDNA analysis of one cultured sample suggests the presence of clostridia, some of which are known to mediate Fe reduction. Based on new PLFA analyses, it is proposed that combined microbial processes of SO4 reduction to generate anaerobic conditions and Fe reduction to co-reduce As are important biogeochemical factors for As release in the Bangladesh sediments. 相似文献
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Hiroshi?IshidaEmail author Yuji?Watanabe Tatsuo?Fukuhara Sho?Kaneko Kazushi?Furusawa Yoshihisa?Shirayama 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(5):835-843
In order to evaluate the environmental impact associated with sequestration of carbon dioxide in the deep sea, a free fall
type field experimental device, the benthic chamber, was developed. In situ experiments to expose deep-sea communities to elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide (average of 20,000 ppm, 5,000 ppm
and control) were carried out using this device 3 times, viz., in the winter of 2002 and in the spring and the summer of 2003,
in the Kumano Trough at a depth of 2,000 m. In the long-term experiments (about two weeks in winter of 2002 and summer of
2003), the abundance of meiobenthos declined whereas that of bacteria increased under the condition of 20,000 ppm carbon dioxide
compared with the control. Among meiofauna, the abundance of foraminifers at the same concentration of carbon dioxide became
less than the control even in the short-term (3 days in spring of 2003) experiment, suggesting that organisms with a calcium
carbonate exoskeleton are more sensitive to the raised concentration of carbon dioxide. The respiration rate of the benthic
community exposed to 20,000 ppm was lower in the early stage of the experiment than in the latter half, whereas it was opposite
under the condition of 5,000 ppm. The increase of biological activity in the 20,000 ppm exposure group is probably due to
an increase of bacteria adapted to high carbon dioxide concentrations. The present results suggest that the influence of carbon
dioxide on the deep-sea benthic ecosystem does not follow a simple, linear relationship with concentration. 相似文献
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Wang Lin Seko Ichiro Fukuhara Makoto Towhata Ikuo Uchimura Taro Tao Shangning 《Natural Hazards》2022,114(1):127-156
Slope monitoring and early warning systems are a promising approach toward mitigating landslide-induced disasters. Many large-scale sediment disasters result in the destruction of infrastructure and loss of human life. The mitigation of vulnerability to slope and landslide hazards will benefit significantly from early warning alerts. The authors have been developing monitoring technology that uses a micro-electro-mechanical systems tilt sensor array that detects the precursory movement of vulnerable slopes and informs the issuance of emergency caution and warning alerts. In this regard, the determination of alarm thresholds is very important. Although previous studies have investigated the recording of threshold values by an extensometer which installation of an extensometer at appropriate sites is also difficult. The authors prefer tilt sensors and have proposed a novel threshold for the tilt angle, which was validated in this study. This threshold has an interesting similarity to previously reported viscous models. Additionally, multi-point monitoring has recently emerged and allows for many sensors to be deployed at vulnerable slopes without disregarding the slope’s precursory local behavior. With this new technology, the detailed spatial and temporal variation of the behavior of vulnerable slopes can be determined as the displacement proceeds toward failure.
相似文献6.
Humic compounds are one of the major substances that affect the COD value of the surface water of Lake Kojima. The humic compounds in the lake water were studied with a spectrofluorophotometer. The 3-dimensional fluorescence spectrum suggests that two kinds of fluorescent substances exist in the lake water. One shows an fluorescence excitation maxim (Ex) at about 240 nm and an emission maxim (Em) at 413 nm. The other has an Ex at 330 nm and an Em at 418 nm. The former peaks are associated with humic acid and the latter peaks are associated with fulvic acid. These peak intensities are proportional to the COD values. The fulvic acid in the lake water may be enriched by the effluent from domestic water treatment plants. 相似文献
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