排序方式： 共有13条查询结果，搜索用时 18 毫秒
1.
This article presents the application of a multivariate prediction technique for predicting universal time (UT1–UTC), length of day (LOD) and the axial component of atmospheric angular momentum (AAM χ 3). The multivariate predictions of LOD and UT1–UTC are generated by means of the combination of (1) least-squares (LS) extrapolation of models for annual, semiannual, 18.6-year, 9.3-year oscillations and for the linear trend, and (2) multivariate autoregressive (MAR) stochastic prediction of LS residuals (LS + MAR). The MAR technique enables the use of the AAM χ 3 time-series as the explanatory variable for the computation of LOD or UT1–UTC predictions. In order to evaluate the performance of this approach, two other prediction schemes are also applied: (1) LS extrapolation, (2) combination of LS extrapolation and univariate autoregressive (AR) prediction of LS residuals (LS + AR). The multivariate predictions of AAM χ 3 data, however, are computed as a combination of the extrapolation of the LS model for annual and semiannual oscillations and the LS + MAR. The AAM χ 3 predictions are also compared with LS extrapolation and LS + AR prediction. It is shown that the predictions of LOD and UT1–UTC based on LS + MAR taking into account the axial component of AAM are more accurate than the predictions of LOD and UT1–UTC based on LS extrapolation or on LS + AR. In particular, the UT1–UTC predictions based on LS + MAR during El Niño/La Niña events exhibit considerably smaller prediction errors than those calculated by means of LS or LS + AR. The AAM χ 3 time-series is predicted using LS + MAR with higher accuracy than applying LS extrapolation itself in the case of medium-term predictions (up to 100 days in the future). However, the predictions of AAM χ 3 reveal the best accuracy for LS + AR. 相似文献
2.
Dumańska-Słowik Magdalena Pieczka Adam Natkaniec-Nowak Lucyna Kunecki Piotr Gaweł Adam Heflik Wiesław Smoliński Wojciech Kozub-Budzyń Gabriela 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2018,112(3):381-392
Mineralogy and Petrology - Supergene Mg-enriched erythrite, with an average composition (Co2.25Mg0.58Ni0.14Fe0.04Mn0.02 Zn0.02) (As1.97P<0.01O8)·8H2O, accompanied by skutterudite,... 相似文献
3.
Wiesław Wiśniewolski Janusz Górczyński Wiesław Madry 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1989,51(3):249-259
Width of the first ray of the pectoral fin has been measured in two places for 154 young and 89 adult wels. Statistical relationships between the above characters and fish length as well as its maturity and sex have been proved. Three models of discriminant function for identification of adult fish sex have been derived and verified. The accuracy of sex separation has been 89,5% in a standard sample of wels, and 90,6% in a routine sample, after an adjustment in the procedure. 相似文献
4.
Wiesław Betkowski 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1980,70(1):243-245
In this paper we discuss a hierarchical model of Universe which was proposed by Wesson (1975). We assert that the mathematical formalism used by Wesson leads to contradiction with Einstein's equations. 相似文献
5.
Małgorzata Świerczyńska Tomasz Niedzielski Wiesław Kosek 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2014,58(2):302-325
The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, we demonstrate that the asymmetry between El Niño and La Niña events recorded in sea level variation occurs only during extreme episodes of El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Second, we explain that the asymmetry is controlled by certain regular cycles which have time-variable amplitudes. Gridded maps of sea level anomaly that form a spatial-temporal time series (spatial resolution: 1° × 1°, sampling interval: 1 week) spanning the time interval from 14/10/1993 to 18/04/2012 were used. We examined those time series and found that certain regular harmonic signals (periods: 365, 182, 120, 90 and 62 days) are dominant terms of their temporal variability. By subtracting those oscillations from sea level anomaly data, residuals were determined. Using skewness and kurtosis as measures of asymmetry and nonlinearity — after adopting 10-year moving window — we found that the extreme El Niño 1997/1998 has been a dominant driving force of the asymmetry and nonlinearity of El Niño/Southern Oscillation since the end of 1993. In order to detect residual signals that are responsible for the asymmetry, we applied the Fourier Transform Band Pass Filter and found that there are two important oscillations remaining in the residual sea level anomaly data, i.e. the annual and semiannual ones with time-varying amplitudes. We hypothesize that temporarily uneven amplitudes have meaningful impact on the aforementioned asymmetry. 相似文献
6.
Silvana Ciarelli Wies A.P.M.A. Vonck Nico M. van Straalen 《Marine environmental research》1997,43(4):329-343
Corophium volutator (Pallas; Amphipoda: Corophiidae) is an ecologically important representative of the infauna of marine sediments and is widely distributed along the north-east American and the west European coasts. Methods for conducting short-term toxicity tests with lindane-spiked sediment using this species were developed. Corophium volutator were used in 10-d lindane-spiked sediment tests conducted on seven occasions throughout the year, to investigate the repeatability of test methods and to quantify differences in sensitivity for lindane due to seasonal field sampling. The 10-d LC50 values found for lindane ranged from 0.78 to 1.49 μg/g dry weight (dw), a relatively small range. Higher values were found in the months of April 1994 and April 1995 (1.46 and 1.49 μg/g, respectively). Positive controls conducted with cadmium (aqueous phase) also revealed lower sensitivity of amphipods in those months. The results however, show that a factor of two difference in LC50 values among tests conducted in different seasons was within the range of expected variability. A study on the size-structure of the wild amphipod population indicated that animals of all size-classes were available throughout the whole year except for the months of April and May. Experiments conducted with organisms of different length-classes revealed that differences in sensitivity to lindane were not size-related. The present study also supports the use of field-collected organisms of ecological relevance, such as C. volutator, in ecotoxicological studies. 相似文献
7.
Modern digital conductivity meters are readily portable, robust, cheap, and give precisely reproducible values of specific electrical conductivity (SpC, in µS cm?1). Here we investigate the accuracy of their estimates of the amounts of gypsum dissolved in waters collected in gypsum karst terrains, expressed as total hardness (TH) in mg L?1 of CaSO4·2H2O (GYP). Total dissolved solid concentrations (TDS) are also considered. Curves obtained with the program PHREEQC, for the dissolution of pure gypsum in water at 25 C, are compared with 574 comprehensive water chemical analyses selected from gypsum karst studies in Europe and the Americas. Principal common and foreign ions encountered are the BNC group (bicarbonates, nitrates, chlorides). It is found that GYP = 1·12·SpC + 62 where BNC < 33% (Cl? < 5%), with one standard error <5% for waters with SpC > 2400 µS cm?1; GYP = 0·74·SpC + 777 where BNC < 33% (5% ≤ Cl? < 15%), with one standard error <10% for waters with SpC > 3100 µS cm?1; GYP = 0·97·SpC ? 209 where BNC < 33% and Cl? ≥ 15%, with one standard error <10% for samples with SpC > 4300 µS cm?1. There are similar results for the more complex waters found in gypsum karsts where much carbonate rock or salt is also present, to the limit of BNC < 50% for what may reasonably be defined as ‘gypsum waters’. Values of R2 for linear correlations of different subsets of the water samples range from 0·69 to 0·96, the majority being >0·8. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
This paper aims at the prediction of both global mean sea level anomalies (SLAs) and gridded SLA data in the east equatorial Pacific obtained from TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 altimetric measurements. The first prediction technique (denoted as LS) is based on the extrapolation of a polynomial-harmonic deterministic least-squares model describing a linear trend, annual and semi-annual oscillations. The second prediction method (denoted as LS + AR) is a combination of the extrapolation of a polynomial-harmonic model with the autoregressive forecast of LS residuals. In the case of forecasting global mean SLA data, both techniques allow one to compute the predictions of comparable accuracy (root mean square error for 1-month in the future is of 0.5 cm). In the case of predicting gridded SLA data, the LS + AR prediction method gains significantly better prediction accuracy than the accuracy obtained by the LS technique during El Niño 1997/1998, La Niña 1998/1999 and during normal conditions. 相似文献
9.
We consider the multifractal spectrum of fluctuations of the interplanetary magnetic field strengths observed by Advanced Composition Explorer at the Earth's orbit. We have found that the multifractal scaling of magnetic fields is observed both on small and large scales from minutes to days. The obtained multifractal spectrum is asymmetric for small scales, in contrast to a rather symmetric spectrum observed at scales larger than a day. Moreover, we show that the degree of multifractality of the magnetic fields on large scales is correlated with the solar activity and greater than that at the small scales, where the magnetic turbulence may become roughly monofractal. 相似文献
10.
Wiesław Kozdrój Allen K. Kennedy Peter R. Johnson Małgorzata Ziółkowska-Kozdrój Khalid Kadi 《International Geology Review》2018,60(10):1290-1319
The southern Midyan terrane is a composite Tonian to Ediacaran tectonostratigraphic crustal block in the northern Arabian Shield that prior to Red Sea opening was contiguous with coeval rocks in the Eastern Desert of Egypt and Sinai. Ion microprobe (sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe [SHRIMP]) dating of 12 rock samples described here and the results of other dating programmes establish a clear timeframe for depositional, intrusive, and structural events in the region and provide a chronology of tectonism in this part of the Arabian-Nubian Shield. Deposition of Zaam and Bayda group volcanosedimentary rocks and emplacement of mafic-ultramafic complexes and TTG-type diorite, tonalite, and granodiorite denote formation of the Tonian (780–715 Ma) Zaam arc and fore-arc ophiolite above a possible west-dipping subduction system in the southern part of the Midyan terrane. Convergence with the Hijaz terrane farther south and obduction of ophiolite nappes resulted by ~700 Ma in development of the Yanbu suture. Ongoing or a new subduction system led to a ~705–660 Ma Cryogenian pulse of magmatism represented by I-type calc-alkaline diorite, granodiorite, and granite that have volcanic-arc and syn-collisional granite affinities. This was followed, after a brief end-Cryogenian hiatus, by a 635–~570 Ma period of Ediacaran magmatism marked by monzogranite, syenogranite, and minor gabbro and diorite. These rocks are reported to have within-plate to volcanic-arc and syncollision chemical characteristics but their precise tectonic setting is uncertain. Structurally, the intrusions are diapiric and were evidently emplaced in an extensional regime consistent with an overlap between intrusion and Najd faulting associated, at this time, with transpressional collision and northward extension through much of the ANS. Terminal magmatism in the southern Midyan terrane postdated cessation of Najd faulting at ~575 Ma and resulted in the emplacement of undeformed within-plate A-type alkali-feldspar granites and mafic (lamprophyre) and felsic dikes. 相似文献