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从全球尺度对季风进行研究,以标准化风场季节变率(δ)和季风降水指数(MPI)这2种主要的全球季风定义方法为基础,计算出1964—2013年全球季风区平均分布,讨论了这2种结果的差异,并根据2种定义计算了全球季风指数和季风区面积时间序列,分析季风强度和季风面积的变化及相互关系。同时利用Ni■o-3.4 SST(Sea Surface Temperature)指数、南方涛动指数、太阳黑子指数以及海冰数据,使用相关分析、场分析等方法,初步探讨全球季风变化的影响因素。结果表明:(1)标准化风场季节变率定义下的季风区包含了全球大部分的季风区,主要有热带季风区、副热带季风区和温寒带季风区。季风降水定义的季风区基本覆盖了典型季风区,主要分布在热带和副热带地区;(2)在全球尺度上,季风强度和季风面积具有显著年际变化特征,且在1978—2013年间,全球季风强度呈减弱趋势,全球季风面积趋势则相反;(3)全球季风强度变化与Ni■o-3.4 SST指数和太阳黑子指数以及喀拉海、巴伦支海海域的海冰密集程度存在正向变化关系,与格陵兰海、楚科奇海海域的海冰密集程度呈负向变化关系。 相似文献
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LI Yu HAN Qin HAO Lu ZHANG Xinzhong CHEN Dawei ZHANG Yuxin XU Lingmei YE Wangting PENG Simin LI Yichan FENG Zhuowen LIU Hebin 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(6):765-784
Global closed basins,occupying almost one fifth of the world's land area,spatially coincide with arid and semiarid areas.Paleoclimatic proxies can indicate basin-wide envi-ronmental change and human activity.However,previous studies have not approached the use of proxies in the same way to reconstruct natural and anthropogenic processes at re-gional and global scales.Here we present a regional study to investigate the basic processes of paleoclimatic proxies,from a typical closed-basin system in arid China.We use multiple paleoclimatic proxies of surface samples and sediments,as well as groundwater and sedi-ment ages to study environmental change and human activity.We then establish a dataset for paleoclimatic proxies from global closed basins and do a numerical analysis on it.Regional studies verify that human activity greatly impacts paleoclimatic proxies,especially with regard to surface samples,as well as groundwater age,but Holocene sediments are less affected.Results from global studies indicate that the major changing trend of the wet/dry status of closed basins is associated with the movement of the westerly jet streams controlled by long-term changes in winter insolation.There is an abrupt change between 1800 AD and 1900 AD,according to a numerical synthesis of paleoclimatic proxies from global closed ba-sins,which can be linked to human impact.We suggest this time period can be considered as a start point for the Anthropocene based on the sedimentary evidence of closed basins,globally. 相似文献
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Li Yu Zhang Yuxin Zhang Xinzhong Ye Wangting Xu Lingmei Han Qin Li Yichan Liu Hebin Peng Simin 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2020,63(8):1161-1175
The fluctuation of a single lake level is a comprehensive reflection of water balance within the basin, while the regional consistent fluctuations of lake level can indicate the change of regional effective moisture. Previous researches were mainly focused on reconstructing effective moisture by multiproxy analyses of lake sediments. We carried out a series of experiments, including a transient climate evolution model, a lake energy balance model and a lake water balance model to simulate continuous Holocene effective moisture change represented by variability of virtual lake level in East and Central Asia.The virtual lake level, area, water depth and salinity are not equivalent to actual values, but we estimated relative changes of the regional effective moisture. We also explored the driving mechanisms of effective moisture change in different geographical regions. Our results indicated that gradually falling effective moisture during the Holocene in northern China was due to the combined effects of high lake evaporation caused by longwave and shortwave radiation, and low precipitation caused by reductions of summer solar insolation. A decline in effective moisture through the Holocene in the Tibetan Plateau and southern Central Asia resulted from decreased precipitation because of the weakening of the Asian summer monsoon. Increased precipitation induced by the strengthening of the westerly circulation contributed to the effective moisture rise during the Holocene in northern Central Asia. 相似文献
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一种新的气候变化敏感区的定义方法与预估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
气候变化敏感区的研究是气候变化研究的一个重要方向,前人对气候变化敏感区的定义大多基于单一的指标,而对综合性指标研究较少。基于柯本气候分类法所划分出的中国气候类型分布及其变化频次,提出一种新的气候变化敏感区定义方法,并使用该方法划分中国的气候变化敏感区,气候类型变化频繁的区域被认为是敏感区。选取CESM模型中等碳排放（RCP 4.5）下的模拟数据计算2006-2013年、21世纪40年代和90年代气候类型的变化,以此预估未来30~80年间气候变化敏感带的变化。结果显示：依据本文提出的方法划分的气候变化敏感区,与降水变化敏感区有较好拟合;中国气候变化最敏感的区域分布在黑河腾冲线附近、秦岭淮河一线、青藏高原西部和天山以北部分地区,气候最为稳定的区域分布在青藏高原中东部、昆仑山、祁连山以北、天山以南、贺兰山以西的大片区域和大兴安岭附近;未来30~80年间,西部（贺兰山、横断山以西）地区气候变化敏感区基本不变,而东部地区的气候变化敏感区则逐渐向北偏移。 相似文献
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