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碎石层的"热半导体"作用 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
碎石层在冰缘地区有广泛分布.众多文献报道,碎石层具有降低其下地温的作用,根据这些现象,对其致冷形成机理进行了研究.结果表明:对封闭的倾斜碎石层,其致冷机制主要基于Rayleigh-Bènard对流;对开放的倾斜碎石层,其致冷机制包括“烟囱效应”和风引起的强迫对流.并进一步用模型试验、数值模拟和现场的实体试验对致冷机理进行了验证.碎石层己在青藏铁路建设中得到广泛应用,并被证明起到了冷却路基的作用.这一措施效果显著、施工简便、环境友好且成本相对较低,可用于多种冻土工程,以适应全球变暖的影响. 相似文献
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冻土地区三角形块石路基与水平块石路基的保冷效果研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Time varying temperatures and pore-air velocities in two gravel embankments, horizontal and triangular gravel embankments, are studied using the "Rock-Block model" and the results are visualized in the form of isotherms and velocity vectors for different times of the year. Simulation results show that for both the two embankments there is a counter-clockwise rotation of pore-air extending throughout most of the embankment during winter months, whereas in summer the pore-air rotation changes to the opposite. The pore-air velocities in the triangle gravel embankment are somewhat higher than those obtained from the horizontal gravel embankment. The stronger convection in winter enhances the upward transport of heat out of the triangle gravel embankment, thus having more apparent cooling effect than the horizontal gravel embankment. During summer months, the pore-air velocities are nearly the same for both the two embankments. The results of the present study show that though the two gravel embankments have the effect of cooling the permafrost beneath, the temperature fields in the triangle gravel embankment are a little lower and more stable compared with those gotten from the horizontal gravel embankment, showing that the triangle gravel embankment has more apparent cooling effect than the horizontal one. 相似文献
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