排序方式： 共有5条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
倾倒型黄土崩塌是黄土地区常见的一种灾害。根据倾倒型黄土崩塌的形成特征,分别由静力平衡条件的临界状态与塑性流动临界状态得到倾倒型崩塌垂直裂隙长度的上、下限解;根据摩尔库仑准则,得到崩塌体底面产状。由以上结果确定倾倒型崩塌体的几何特征;再根据力的平衡、力矩平衡条件,建立倾倒型黄土崩塌的稳定性判据,实现对倾倒型黄土崩塌的稳定性评价。根据发生倾倒变形的条件,建立了倾倒型崩塌体的运动学方程。通过求解,可再现倾倒型黄土崩塌发生后的运动轨迹,确定崩塌体的致灾范围。研究结果揭示了倾倒型崩塌体的形成机制,为确定倾倒式黄土崩塌治理方法及确定建设项目的安全距离的确定提供理论依据。 相似文献
2.
At present,artificial freezing method has become one of the effective methods for coal mine shaft to pass through water-rich soft rock strata,which can stop the movement of groundwater and limit the deformation of surrounding rock. In order to study the frost heaving characteristics of sandstone under different freezing conditions,frost heaving tests of saturated and dry Cretaceous red sandstone samples under different freezing rates （10 ℃·h-1,5 ℃·h-1,2 ℃·h-1,1 ℃·h-1）and different confining pressures（5 MPa,10 MPa,15 MPa,20 MPa,25 MPa）were carried out by using GCTS（Geotechnical Consulting & Testing Systems）servo-controlled low temperature and high pressure triaxial rock testing system. In this paper,based on the existing theory of physical and mechanical properties of frozen soil,we studied the frost heaving law of sandstone under different freezing conditions and explored the frost heaving mechanism. The result shows that in the process of cooling,the dry rock sample always produce cold shrinkage deformation,while the saturated rock sample first produce cold shrinkage deformation,then produce frost deformation,and finally the deformation tends to be stable. The deformation of saturated rock samples is much larger than that of dry rock samples. The larger the stress level of rock samples at the same temperature is,the smaller the frost deformation is,which shows a linear negative correlation,mainly because the high confining pressure limits the volume expansion of the water phase in the pore inside the rock samples when it becomes ice. The frost deformation of rock samples is mainly affected by confining pressure and water content,while the frost heaving rate is mainly affected by cooling rate. Under this test condition,the higher the cooling rate of sandstone is,the higher the frost heaving rate is,and the relationship between them is approximately linear. For saturated rock samples,the confining pressure reduces the rock frost heaving by limiting the expansion during the phase transformation of ice water,and the temperature affects the rock frost heaving by affecting the freezing rate of pore water and the thermal expansion and cold contraction of rock skeleton. For dry rock samples,the deformation is mainly due to the volume contraction of rock mineral particles caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction effect,and the greater the temperature change,the greater the deformation. Based on the experimental results and theoretical analysis method,a calculation formula of rock frost heaving considering the influence of confining pressure was established. By calculating the frost heave of sandstone samples under different confining pressures,it is found that the calculated values are in good agreement with the experimental results. Moreover,according to the calculation formula of frost heaving,the influence factors of rock frost heaving during freezing can be divided into two categories：internal cause and external cause. The internal cause includes porosity,saturation,volume modulus of ice and rock skeleton,and the external cause includes temperature and confining pressure. For saturated rock,the frost heaving is mainly affected by factors such as confining pressure,temperature and porosity. When the saturation,porosity and freezing rate are low,the rock may only produce shrinkage deformation,because these indicators determine whether the rock produces frost heave or freeze shrinkage. The mechanism of rock frost heaving is very complicated due to the interaction and restriction between the internal and external factors and the dynamic changes of rock micro-structure and mechanical properties during the process of frost heaving. The research results can provide theoretical reference for freezing construction scheme design of deep coal seam mine construction,and also provide a theoretical basis for the study of physical and mechanical properties and engineering application of soft rock in frozen soil area. © 2022 Science Press (China). 相似文献
3.
黄土崩塌是黄土地区常见的一种地质灾害,威胁着人类生产生活的安全。通过现场调查,认为黄土崩塌形成的内因主要为黄土土性特征、节理裂隙切割程度,外因主要为降雨作用、人类工程活动及生物活动。根据黄土崩塌常见的运动形式,提出崩塌体自由飞落及滚动情况下影响范围的理论公式。实例计算表明:若坡底地面水平,无论什么运动方式,崩塌影响范围为斜坡高度的0.4～0.6倍。随着坡度的变陡,崩滑距与斜坡坡高的比值也变大。当崩塌体自由飞落时,崩塌体的影响范围和碰撞点前的坡度有关。当崩塌体在坡面滑动时,崩塌体的影响范围和斜坡的坡度有关。研究结果可作为黄土地区黄土崩塌致灾范围预测方法,为黄土崩塌的防治提供理论依据。 相似文献
4.
冻融环境下黄土微结构损伤识别与宏观力学响应规律研究 总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2
冻融环境下黄土物理力学性质劣化是寒区工程建设必须要考虑的问题之一,取延安市黄陵县黄土为研究对象,以初始含水率、冻融循环次数为变量,借助扫描电子显微镜、Leica Qwin、Canny算子边缘检测、分型理论定量评价冻融环境下黄土微观结构损伤状态;通过GDS探究不同初始含水率、不同冻融循环次数对试样强度指标的影响,并用显著性理论进行评价。结果表明：随着冻融次数的增加试样内部裂隙不断发育演化,土体内部的大颗粒不断分解为若干小颗粒,骨架连接方式发生转变,由面-面接触转变为点-面、点-点接触;随着冻融循环次数的增加面孔隙度、分形维数不断增大,冻融循环10次后趋于稳定,试样在冻融环境下内部微、小孔隙不断向中、大孔隙转化;随着冻融循环次数的增加试样的黏聚力不断减小,内摩擦角不断增大,冻融10次后强度指标趋于稳定,试验结果与图像探伤结论相一致;对试样黏聚力、内摩擦角进行显著性分析可知冻融循环次数、初始含水率及其交互作用（耦合作用）对试样强度指标有特别显著的影响。 相似文献
5.
新庄煤矿立井采用冻结法施工技术,在井筒开挖的过程中,由于侧向卸荷作用导致围岩产生卸荷变形。从新庄煤矿立井现场采集白垩系中粒砂岩,对加工后的岩样进行饱水处理,然后利用GCTS电液伺服控制高低温高压岩石三轴测试系统进行冻结（-10 ℃）条件下的恒轴压、卸围压三轴试验,模拟在井筒开挖过程中围岩的应力变化路径,探索冻结砂岩的变形特性。研究表明：侧向卸荷条件下冻结砂岩表现出弹-脆性特征,轴向表现为压缩变形,径向表现为膨胀变形,径向变形量约为轴向变形量的2倍;当卸荷速率一定时,岩样的卸荷变形随初始围压的增大而增大,尤其是径向变形最为显著,这可能与卸荷回弹变形及岩样内部聚集的能量大小有关;围压卸荷到同一应力水平时,高卸荷速率下岩样的卸荷变形量较小,而变形速率较大;卸荷作用导致岩样变形模量减小,横向应变与纵向应变之比增大,卸荷速率越小,初始围压越大,应变之比变化越大。 相似文献
1