排序方式： 共有5条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1
1.
Geomorphic monitoring and response to two dam removals: rivers Urumea and Leitzaran (Basque Country,Spain) 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Askoa Ibisate Alfredo Ollero Daniel Ballarín Jesús Horacio Daniel Mora Amaia Mesanza Carles Ferrer‐Boix Vanesa Acín David Granado Juan Pedro Martín‐Vide 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(15):2239-2255
Dam removal has been demonstrated to be one of the most frequent and effective fluvial restoration actions but at most dam removals, especially of small dams, there has been little geomorphological monitoring. The results of the geomorphological monitoring implemented in two dams in the rivers Urumea and Leitzaran (northern Spain) are presented. The one from the River Urumea, originally 3.5 m high and impounding 500 m of river course, was removed instantaneously whereas that in the River Leitzaran, 12.5 m high, and impounding 1500 m of river course, is in its second phase of a four‐stage removal process. Changes in channel morphology, sediment size and mobility and river bed morphologies were assessed. The monitoring included several different techniques: topographical measurements of the channel, terrestrial laser scanner measurements of river bed and bars, sediment grain size and transport; all of them repeated in four (May, August, November 2011 and May 2012) and five (July and September 2013, April and August 2014 and June 2015) fieldwork campaigns in the River Urumea and River Leitzaran, respectively. Geomorphic responses of both dam removals are presented, and compared. Morphological channel adjustments occurred mainly shortly after dam removals, but with differences among the one removed instantaneously, that was immediate, whereas that conducted by stages took longer. Degradational processes were observed upstream of both dams (up to 1.2 m and 4 m in the River Urumea and River Leitzaran, respectively), but also aggradational processes (pool filling), upstream of Inturia Dam (2.85 m at least). Less evident aggradational processes were observed downstream of the dams (up to 0.37 m and 0.50 m in the River Urumea and River Leitzaran, respectively). Flood events, especially a 100 year flood registered during the monitoring period of Mendaraz Dam removal, reactivated geomorphological processes as incision and bank erosion, whereas longitudinal profile recovery, grain‐size sorting and upstream erosion took longer. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
Efforts are being made to improve the irrigation efficiency in the Murray-Darling River Basin, Australia, to deal with predicted rainfall decline and to reduce the incidence of secondary soil and water salinization. The latter commonly occurs as a result of locating water reservoirs upon relic drainage channels. To better manage irrigation, information is required about the spatial distribution of soil type and the stratigraphic features capable of redistributing deep-draining water. In previous research, electromagnetic (EM) induction instruments (e.g. EM38 and EM34) have been used to map the distribution of soil type, hydrological processes (e.g. deep drainage) and vadose-zone features. The aim of this research is to demonstrate how a joint inversion of EM38 and EM34 data, using a one-dimensional spatially constrained algorithm for quasi three-dimensional (quasi-3D) electrical conductivity imaging, can be used to infer the areal distribution of soil types and physiographic and hydrogeological units. The quasi-3D modeling of true electrical conductivity provides a framework for future environmental monitoring and management to mitigate the hydrological processes that drive localized secondary salinization in the study area. 相似文献
3.
根据捷克和斯洛伐克电磁台站的数据 ,得到波西米亚块体地壳和上地幔的电阻率分布模型。估计电阻率时特别使用了短周期和长周期的电磁数据以及用连续谱方法对固定台站数据的分析结果。根据欧洲地磁感应矢量分布绘出了显著的地电不均匀带的地图 ,将波西米亚块体的视电阻率与中欧有关台站的感应标量长度与W1响应做了比较 ,并根据电阻率 /深度图估计了电导率范围 ,该图与替代性理想导体反演相对应 相似文献
4.
地震研究及其预报是多学科的交叉,而非线性科学即分形学和混浊理论给人以新启示。本文叙述了地震的广义能量分维,广义时间分维和广义空间分维,探讨了三种广义分维在地震的前兆和余震中的变化规律,进而指出三种广义分维由主震前的低层异常变为震后再度回升现象,作者对第５个地震活跃期的特点提出了一些看法。 相似文献
5.
中国大陆东部及海域（98～150Ｅ，5～50Ｎ）位于欧亚大陆和太平洋两大板块的衔接地带，且深受来自印度洋板块活动的影响．本文利用该区域内的35个数字地震台记录的面波资料，采取多重滤波技术等时频分析方法，求得了1252条路径上基阶瑞利波的频散曲线，然后将研究区域划分为１１的网格，通过Occam反演方法求得了10～158ｓ周期范围内基阶瑞利波群速度在研究区域内的分布．这些速度分布大致反映了不同深度范围介质Ｓ波速度的横向变化情况．利用求得的纯路径频散，进一步反演得到了青藏高原东部——太平洋、南海——蒙古两个剖面的Ｓ波速度随深度的变化，发现研究区内的横向不均匀性直到400ｋｍ仍很明显，各构造单元的划分与速度结构有明显的关系． 相似文献
1