Inter‐laboratory Characterisation of Apatite Reference Materials for Chlorine Isotope Analysis     

Alicja Wudarska  Ewa S&#x;aby  Michael Wiedenbeck  Jaime D. Barnes  Magali Bonifacie  Neil C. Sturchio  Grard Bardoux  Frdric Couffignal  Johannes Glodny  Linnea Heraty  Timm John  Christof Kusebauch  Sathish Mayanna  Franziska D. H. Wilke  Ewa Deput 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2021,45(1):121-142

Here we report on a set of six apatite reference materials (chlorapatites MGMH#133648, TUBAF#38 and fluorapatites MGMH#128441A, TUBAF#37, 40, 50) which we have characterised for their chlorine isotope ratios; these RMs span a range of Cl mass fractions within the apatite Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(F,Cl,OH)₂ solid solution series. Numerous apatite specimens, obtained from mineralogical collections, were initially screened for ³⁷Cl/³⁵Cl homogeneity using SIMS followed by δ³⁷Cl characterisation by gas source mass spectrometry using both dual‐inlet and continuous‐flow modes. We also report major and key trace element compositions as determined by EPMA. The repeatability of our SIMS results was better than ± 0.10‰ (1s) for the five samples with > 0.5 % m/m Cl and ± 0.19‰ (1s) for the low Cl abundance material (0.27% m/m). We also observed a small, but significant crystal orientation effect of 0.38‰ between the mean ³⁷Cl/³⁵Cl ratios measured on three oriented apatite fragments. Furthermore, the results of GS‐IRMS analyses show small but systematic offset of δ³⁷Cl_SMOC values between the three laboratories. Nonetheless, all studied samples have comparable chlorine isotope compositions, with mean 10³δ³⁷Cl_SMOC values between +0.09 and +0.42 and in all cases with 1s ≤ ± 0.25.  相似文献   

Are Chemical And Climatic Drivers Synergistic?     

Alicja Breymeyer 《Climatic change》2005,71(1-2):221-248

Studies on pine ecosystem functioning were carried out in different climates along a W–E transect extending more than 1500 km across Central-Eastern Europe (Germany-Poland-Belarus). Decomposition of litter in litter bags, measured at 13 locations simultaneously during 1995 and 1996 was correlated with components of climate: long-term annual temperature (TANN), temperature amplitude (TAMP) defined as the difference between temperatures of the warmest and coldest months, annual precipitation (PANN) and precipitation amplitude (PAMP). The content of eight metallic elements (Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd) was determined in litters from the same stands and correlations with decomposition rates were estimated. In those 13 pine stands influenced by gradually changing thermoclimate, the role of chemical factors was evaluated. It is suggested that similar interactions between decomposition, thermoclimate and metallic elements can occur in the case of climate change. In the warmer year, 1995, statistically significant correlations between decomposition rate and metal content or climatic factors were more frequent. Among the four fractions of litter analysed, needle litter responds most to the presence of climate and metals as regards its decomposition. Results from the calculation of partial correlations excluding the influence of various climatic factors suggest that a synergistic interaction might exist between two groups of factors driving decomposition processes, i.e. climate (in this case TANN, TAMP and CONT) and litter chemistry.  相似文献   

Sedimentological and geochemical responses of Lake Żabińskie (north-eastern Poland) to erosion changes during the last millennium     

Alicja Bonk  Małgorzata Kinder  Dirk Enters  Martin Grosjean  Carsten Meyer-Jacob  Wojciech Tylmann 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2016,56(2-3):239-252

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Health risk assessment related to an effect of sample size fractions: methodological remarks     

Kicińska  Alicja 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2018,32(6):1867-1887

Contents of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in the material collected in sandboxes of seven spa resorts located in S Poland (CCE) and their results used to establish a health risk of children. After sieving out grains > 2 mm, the bulk samples were quantitatively separated into four grain fractions: 2000–1000, 1000–200, 200–63 and < 63 µm. In each of them were determined: the mineral composition, the total contents of the elements, and the distribution of the elements among the fractions distribution factor. In the bulk material < 2 mm, the totals of the elements are 5–64 times lower than in the finest fractions (< 63 µm). Considering that the finest fractions are enriched in clay minerals such as clinochlore, illite and kaolinite, which can adsorb and desorb metals, this material is most dangerous for children, staying both permanently and temporarily in the spas. The total health risks HI resulting from non-carcinogenic elements present in the fractions < 63 µm are 1.26 and 0.94, for the children-residents 3 and 6 years old, respectively. The figures are disturbing as one of them exceeds and the other is close to a permissible limit of 1. The highest contribution (93.4%) into the total HI is caused by inadvertent swallowing the soil “dirt”: the ingestion path HQ _ing for the 3 years old residents is 1.17, and for the 6-year olds 0.88. With respect to the elements, the highest is the risk resulting from Pb: HQ _in values of the residents are 4.71E−01 and 3.54E−01 for the 3-year olds and the 6-year olds. Slightly lower are the HQ _ing values calculated for both age groups: in the case of Cr—3.12E−01 and 2.34E−01 and As—2.92E−01 and 2.19E−01). The dermal path (HQ _dermal ) contributes to the total HI much less as it equals 6.5%, while the contribution of the inhalation path (HQ _inhal ) is considerably the lowest and equals only 0.1%. The Risk indexes determined in the case of cancerogenic components for both age groups of the spa residents are lower than the permissible limit 10E−5 and equal 6.48E−06 and 9.72E−06, respectively. Considering the children that only visit the spas, all the calculated indexes, i.e., HI and Risk, are significantly lower than those determined for the children-residents.

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