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Wirote Saengsrichan Thasinee Charoentitirat Assanee Meesook Ken-ichiro Hisada Punya Charusiri 《Gondwana Research》2011,19(1):47-60
The Thung Yai Group extends over a large area of peninsular Thailand, along the eastern margin of the Shan Thai block. Bound by angular unconformities 300 m thick dominantly detritic brackish to non-marine deposits with few intercalated limestone beds between Triassic marine and Tertiary non-marine sediments, represent the Thung Yai Group that comprises four formations: Khlong Min, Lam Thap, Sam Chom, and Phun Phin Formations. In the Ao Luk–Plai Phraya (ALPP) area, the Khlong Min and Lam Thap formations yield marine, brackish-water and non-marine fossil assemblages. These include trace fossils and for the first time in peninsular southern Thailand, the bivalve Parvamussium donaiense Mansuy, 1914. Based on fossil determinations, the Thung Yai Group has a late Early Jurassic to Early Cretaceous age.Our new observations help unravel the tectonic history of Mesozoic Peninsular Thailand. After the complete closure of the Paleotethys in the Late Triassic, renewed inundation, from the late Early Jurassic to the early Middle Jurassic, brought a regime of shallow to open marine and lagoon sedimentation over northwestern, western and southern peninsular Thailand, in the eastern part of Sundaland bordering the Mesotethys to the west. 相似文献
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Jurassic deposits of the Malayan Peninsula (Thailand) are stratigraphically limited to Toarcian and Aalenian only (Meesook & Sha, 2010, and literature cited therein). These are represented by wide spectrum of both clastic and carbonate rocks with full develop-ment of transitional ones. In the middle part of penin-sula (vicinity of Krabi) distribution of Jurassic facies suggest occurrence of full marine palaeoenvironments in NE part of it with gentle transition by lagoonal (brackish?) and tidal environments up to terrestrial ones in the SW part of peninsula. Sections studied, close to Thung Song city, are represented by 20 m thick sequence of thin-bedded limestones and marls of the Khlong Min Formation, most probably lagoonal palaeoenvironments (transitional = restricted ma-rine-brackish), indicated by specific benthic fauna dominated by different kind of ethological group of bivalves – infaunal, epifaunal and encrusted (epibion-tic) species like Protocardia, Praemytilus, Modiolus, Myrene, and Actinostreon. Very characteristic is a lack of full marine, stenohaline, other invertebrates – brachiopods, crinoids, echinoids etc. 相似文献
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Takeshi Kozai Lydia Perelis-Grossowicz Annachiara Bartolini Chotima Yamee José Sandoval Francis Hirsch Keisuke Ishida Thasinee Charoentitirat Assanee Meesook Jean Guex 《Gondwana Research》2011,19(1):37-46
The paleontological investigations of the Jurassic of Western Thailand, districts of Mae Sot (Tak–Mae Sot highway, Padaeng Tak and Ban Mae Kut Luang Zinc mines) and Umphang (Klo Tho), provide age constraints for the Late Indosinian orogeny, the Paleotethys closure and the timing of the marine Jurassic inundation of Sundaland. The basal conglomerate of the Jurassic is derived from the pelagic Triassic Mae Sariang substratum. Stratigraphy, microfacies and paleontology of the Jurassic marine strata focus especially on ammonites, bivalves, large benthic foraminifera and algae. Among ammonites, the Tethyan Catulloceras perisphinctoides Gemmellaro marks the Upper Toarcian (Aalensis Zone) along the Tak–Mae Sot highway and Riccardiceras longalvum (Vacek), Malladaites pertinax (Vacek), Abbasites sp. and Vacekia sp. indicate Middle Aalenian to lowermost Bajocian in the Padaeng Mine (SE of Mae Sot) and Klo–Tho (Umphang). Vacekia sp., Spinammatoceras schindewolfi Linares and Sandoval and Malladaites vaceki Linares and Sandoval indicate Middle Aalenian to lowermost Upper Aalenian at Ban Mae Kut Luang (NE of Mae Sot). Among foraminifers, the large benthic foraminifer Timidonella sarda Bassoullet, Chabrier and Fourcade in the Western Tethys is indicative for Aalenian–Bajocian times, as characterized in the section at the Tak–Padaeng Zinc mine and the Klo–Tho Formation near Umphang. The endemic foraminifer Gutnicella kaempferi characterizes the Pu Khloe Khi Formation near Umphang. Among bivalves, shallow marine, dominantly endemic fauna includes Parvamussium donaiense (Mansuy) and Bositra ornate (Quenstedt), from the Toarcian to the Early Bajocian. A consideration of the faunal affinity shows that the fauna is partly endemic with Northern Tethyan (Eurasian) affinity. 相似文献
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We here report a paleoecological analysis and depositional history of the marine Jurassic (Toarcian-early Bajocian) strata
cropping out in the western part of Thailand, based on bivalve assemblages with additional data from ammonites, brachiopods,
and microfossils. Generally, the benthic bivalve facies in most outcrops is rich in infaunal, semi-infaunal and epifaunal
suspension-feeders. Of these, infaunal forms dominate. The diversity of this benthic assemblage was influenced by energy level,
substrate, sedimentation rate, and salinity. Low to intermediate energy levels and rather soft fine-grained siliciclastic
substrate are proposed as factors governing faunal distribution and explaining the greater abundance and diversity of infaunal
than epifaunal suspension-feeders. There were paleoenvironmental changes both in space and time, i.e., from south to north
(Umphang to Mae Sot) and from Early Bajocian to Toarcian. In the Toarcian, most outcrops in Umphang are dominated by benthic
bivalve facies (infaunal, semi-infaunal, and epifaunal associations). This implies warm, shallow water (inner neritic, 50–100
m) and oxygenated conditions except for the Mae Sot area where a deeper setting (outer neritic to possibly upper continental
slope, 50–200 m) with restricted basinal anoxic conditions is favored as indicated by the presence of Bositra. After higher energy conditions in the Toarcian, lower energy conditions with low sediment supplies prevail in the Alenian,
and the Mae Sot area was still a restricted basin. As a result of higher sea levels, the oxygen content in the basin is increased,
resulting in the presence of the ammonites. By the end of the Alenian-early Bajocian, an ammonite-bivalve association (mixed
facies A) and the presence of corals and microfauna (mixed facies B) are dominant but pass upwards to near-shore higher energy
conditions in most areas except for restricted basin in Mae Sot. By the middle Bajocian the environment in all areas had changed
from marine to nonmarine. 相似文献
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