影响生物土壤结皮在沙丘不同地貌部位分布的风因子讨论   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

吴永胜  哈斯  屈志强 《中国沙漠》2012,32(4):980-984

 生物土壤结皮广泛分布于干旱和半干旱区,它的形成和发育对荒漠生态系统修复过程产生重要的影响。采用野外观测的方法,测定了固定沙丘纵断面表面气流和生物土壤结皮的发育特征。结果发现,近地表气流在迎风坡坡脚部位最低,丘顶最高,从坡脚到丘顶呈增加的趋势。近地表气流在背风坡中上部急剧下降,中下部位有所增加,到坡脚部位又呈减少的趋势,但后者均远低于丘顶的风速。各观测点不同高度风速放大率不尽相同。生物土壤结皮发育特征的测定结果显示,其厚度、抗剪强度和细颗粒物含量均从沙丘底部向中上部呈减少的趋势,表现出风速较高区域生物土壤结皮的发育程度较低,风速较低区域生物土壤结皮的发育程度较高的特点,说明生物土壤结皮在沙丘不同地貌部位的分布与由地形差异导致的气流变化之间具有密切的关系。  相似文献   

Characteristics of earthquake-induced landslides in a heavy snowfall region—landslides triggered by the northern Nagano prefecture earthquake, March 12, 2011, Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Baator Has  Tomoyuki Noro  Kiyoteru Maruyama  Akira Nakamura  Kiichiro Ogawa  Satoshi Onoda 《Landslides》2012,9(4):539-546

The northern Nagano Prefecture earthquake, M_JMA?6.7 (Mw?6.2), which is inferred to have been triggered by the huge (Mw?9.0) March 11, 2011 Tohoku earthquake, occurred on March 12, 2011, in northern Nagano Prefecture, an area in Japan famous for heavy snowfall. A large number of landslides were triggered by the 12 March earthquake, and it caused building damage in the area of the epicenter. To clarify characteristics of the distribution and dynamic behavior of these landslides, we analyzed aerial photographs and conducted field surveys in and around the epicentral area. Large-scale landslides with long distance run-outs are a remarkable characteristic of the landslides induced by this earthquake. The long travel distance is considered to be related to the thick snowpack at the time the earthquake occurred. Moderate scale deep-seated landslides and shallow landslides were also observed in the study area. Based on an analysis of landslides with the active fault on which the earthquake is believed to have occurred, most of these landslides were distributed on the hanging wall of the active fault, within a distance of 12?km from the fault.  相似文献