地表热通量测量中的问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mayo.  CL 赵秀英 《气象科技》1997,(1):63-64,F003,F004

由于缺乏对土壤表面发生的各种过程的了解，往往会导致土壤表面热通量测量的不正确。基想根据地表以下一些度处的抛弃爱量测量资料准确地确定地表的热通量，不但要考虑则板以上的热量存同，而且要考虑到测板以下的潜热损耗。如果忽略热储量就会导致大的误差，如忽略潜热过程，则会有更大的误差。  相似文献   

褶皱逆掩带区域形态及缩短理的估算     

Hanks  CL 胡晓强 《国外地质(成都)》1993,(3):42-48

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跨孔地震层析评价预裂爆炸损害     

Cume.  CL 高景华 《物探化探译丛》1993,(2):31-35

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密西西比Pisgah背斜Norphlet组巨型CO2气藏     

Stu.  JRJ 王宏宇 《国外石油地质》1995,(2):17-31

在过去近一个世纪的油气勘探过程中，相断钻遇了诸如氮、氦和ＣＯ２等非烃气体。传统观点认为这些情况是失败的。但由于向水驱枯竭后的油藏中注ＣＯ２能大大提高采收率和７０年代的油价上涨使一些提高采收率工程经济可行，而吸引人们开始重视一些地区的ＣＯ２目的层。本文将介绍巨型ＣＯ２气藏的地质特点。另外，也讨论一下这类资源开发过程中的其它一些重要因素。其中主要包括巨型气藏的大小，ＣＯ２气的高纯度和较高的开采效果等。  相似文献   

瑞典硫化物矿山尾矿淋滤水的控制     

Axel.  CL 乔永胜 《煤田地质与勘探》1993,21(1):49-53

在瑞典,硫化物矿尾矿污染水的淋滤造成巨大的环境污染问题。本文概述一项利用天然土覆盖尾矿、最大限度地减少淋滤水的调查报告。研究表明,天然土渗水性是如此之高,以致于起不到明显的隔水效果。天然土盖层只能减少高降雨量期或迅速化雪期的渗水量,而且只对淋滤水峰值有作用。但是,作为一种蓄水体,位于尾矿顶部的密封盖层具有重要意义,它可以增加蒸腾损失。  相似文献   

Taxonomic sufficiency for soft-bottom sublittoral mollusks assemblages in a tropical estuary, Guanabara Bay, Southeast Brazil     

Mendes CL  Tavares M  Soares-Gomes A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(4):377-384

Guanabara Bay (GB) is considered to be one of the most polluted environments of the southern Brazilian coastline. This typical estuarine system is impacted by the heavy discharge of both industrial and domestic waste from the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area. The mollusc community structure and distribution was investigated between 2000 and 2001, using a three month sampling design of 38 stations, according to austral seasons. Species abundance was aggregated into progressively higher taxa matrices (genus, family, order) and were analysed using multivariate techniques. Mollusc distribution in GB varied significantly in space and time and was probably ruled by the organic enrichment effects of hypoxia and altered redox conditions coupled with prevailing patterns of circulation. Within the sectors of GB an increasing gradient in mollusc diversity and occurrence was observed, ranging from the azoic and impoverished stations in the inner sector to a well-structured community in terms of species composition and abundance inhabiting the outer sector. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) and cluster analysis showed similar results when species were aggregated into genera and families, while greater difference occurred at coarser taxonomic identification (order). The literature about taxonomic sufficiency has demonstrated that faunal patterns at different taxonomic levels tend to become similar with increased pollution. In Guanabara Bay, an analysis carried out solely at family level is perfectly adequate to describe the ecophysiological stress. Further aggregation to order level changed the perceived patterns of differences. However, a different taxonomic resolution can be chosen depending on the type of ecological patterns investigated.  相似文献   

SAMHO BROTHER benzene ship accident     

Lin CL  Hu JH 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(8):1285-1286

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Mechanisms for the prevention of marine bioinvasions for better biosecurity     

Hewitt CL  Campbell ML 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,55(7-9):395-401

Biosecurity management allows countries to meet a number of international obligations and provides some protection from potential degradation of environmental, economic, social and cultural values. Ocean governance relies on the precepts of ecologically sustainable development to manage the multiple uses in the coastal zone. The increasing reliance on aquaculture to provide food security and economic development has led to an increase in the use of non-native target species grown as food sources. Increased economic activity has led to shifting trade patterns and increased efficiencies in vessels with the resulting increase in the number of introduced marine species via ballast water and hull fouling. Herein we review the different marine biosecurity strategies and legislation that have been implemented internationally and locally that aid in preventing and managing introduced marine species, with some attention to Australia and New Zealand as examples. Typical tools being used include quarantine, Import Health Standards, voluntary cleaning guidelines, and risk assessment, all of which aim to prevent introductions.  相似文献   

太阳磁场演化和湍动大气中的耀斑能量积累     

Yin  CL Wu  ST 《紫金山天文台台刊》1994,13(2):141-151

In this paper we present the results of both evolution of Bibolar Magnetic Regions and flare energy buildup with supergranular diffusion. Based on these results we find (i) MHD processes including diffusion and cyclonic of turbulence play a significant role for the development of the complexities of an active region. The meridional flow controls the poleward migration of magnetic field of the active regions, (ii) The diffusion of photosphere field and the magnitude of the shear speed have important effects on the total energy storage in the solar corona.  相似文献   

Isolation of PAH-degrading bacteria from mangrove sediments and their biodegradation potential   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Guo CL  Zhou HW  Wong YS  Tam NF 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):1054-1061

Surface sediment samples were collected from seven mangrove swamps in Hong Kong SAR with different degrees of contamination. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs in these sediments ranged from 169.41 to 1058.37 ng g⁻¹ with the highest concentration found in Ma Wan and the lowest in Kei Ling Ha Lo Wai mangrove swamp. In each swamp, three bacterial consortia were enriched from sediments using phenanthrene (Phe) as the sole carbon and energy source, and individual bacterial colony showing Phe degradation was isolated and identified by 16S rDNA gene sequence. The consortia enriched from Sai Keng and Ho Chung sediments had highest ability to degrade mixed PAHs in liquid medium, with 90% Phe and Fla (fluoranthene) degraded in 7 days. On the other hand, Kei Ling Ha Lo Wai-enriched consortia degraded less than 40% Phe and Fla. Pyrene (Pyr) was hardly degraded by the consortia enriched from sediments. Bacterial isolates, namely Rhodococcus (HCCS), Sphingomonas (MWFG) and Paracoccus (SPNT) were capable to degrade mixed PAHs (Phe + Fla + Pyr). Their degradation percentages could be lower, comparable or even higher than their respective enriched consortia, depending on the consortium and the type of PAH compounds. These results suggest that PAH-degrading bacteria enriched from mangrove sediments, either as a mixed culture or as a single isolate could be used for PAHs bioremediation.  相似文献