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Girardeau Cornen Beslier Le Gall Monnier Agrinier Dubuisson Pinheiro Ribeiro & Whitechurch 《地学学报》1998,10(6):330-336
The Gorringe Bank corresponds to an upper mantle peridotite ridge enclosing a 500-m thick/ 50-km long laccolith-like body of gabbro, locally cut and poorly covered by tholeiitic rocks. Strain and kinematic analysis of orientated gabbros and peridotites sampled during the GORRINGE diving cruise (1996) provides new kinematic constraints on extensional high-temperature deformation recorded at deep levels during stretching, near an accreting centre axis of a mantle-dominant oceanic lithosphere. It is argued that the Gorringe Bank lithosphere formed at an oceanic ultra-slow, N010°–020°-trending accreting centre, mostly by passive tectonic denudation of the mantle, without any synchronous large magmatism. This peculiar lithosphere may be representative of the Iberia oceanic domain located between the continent and the J anomaly ridge, which likely marks the beginning of true spreading at an oceanic spreading ridge. 相似文献
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Auromeet Saha Marc Mallet Jean Claude Roger Philippe Dubuisson Jacques Piazzola Serge Despiau 《Atmospheric Research》2008,90(2-4):195-ICNAA07
We present results of direct aerosol radiative forcing over a French Mediterranean coastal zone based on one year of continuous observations of aerosol optical properties during 2005–2006. Monthly-mean aerosol optical depth at 440 nm ranged between 0.1 and 0.34, with high Angstrom coefficient (α > 1.2). The single scattering albedo (at 525 nm) estimated at the surface ranged between 0.7 and 0.8, indicating significant absorption. The presence of aerosols over the Mediterranean zone during summer decreases the shortwave radiation reaching the surface by as much as 26 ± 3.9 W m− 2, and increases the top of the atmosphere reflected radiation by as much as 5.2 ± 1.0 W m− 2. The shortwave atmospheric absorption translates to an atmospheric heating of 2.5 to 4.6 K day− 1. Concerted efforts are needed for investigating the possible impact of the increase in heating rate on the maintenance of heat-waves frequently occurring over this coastal region during summer time. 相似文献
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The production of carbon in the ocean, the so-called primary production, depends on various physicobiological parameters:
the biomass and nutrient amounts in oceans, the salinity and temperature of the water and the light available in the water
column. We focus on the visible spectrum of the solar radiation defined as the Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR).
We developed a model (Chamiet al. 1997) to simulate the behavior of the solar beam in the atmosphere and the ocean. We first describe the theoretical basis
of the code and the method we used to solve the radiative transfer equation (RTE): the successive orders of scattering (SO).
The second part deals with a sensitivity study of the PAR just above and below the sea surface for various atmospheric conditions.
In a cloudy sky, we computed a ratio between vector fluxes just above the sea surface and spherical fluxes just beneath the
sea surface. When the optical thickness of the cloud increases this ratio remains constant and around 1.29. This parameter
is convenient to convert vector flux at the sea surface as retrieved from satellite to PAR. Subsequently, we show how solar
radiation as vector flux rather than P A R leads to an underestimate of the primary production up to 40% for extreme cases. 相似文献
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