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1.
G. Cevolani G. Bortolotti L. Foschini C. Franceschi G. Grassi G. Trivellone A. Hajduk V. Porubčan 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1995,68(1-3):247-255
Continuous radio-wave monitoring of the Geminid activity in December 1992 and 1993 by using a forward scatter (FS) bistatic radar over the Bologna-Lecce baseline (700 km) in Italy, reveals peculiar structural aspects of the stream in terms of signal amplitude-rate and duration-rate dependence. The observational results of the Geminid display obtained in the two consecutive years with differentiated peak levels of transmitted power, exhibit different time distributions of underdense meteors against the signal received power. Both sets of the data relative to the peak activity in December 12–14, show reflection properties of Geminids which are atypical if compared with echoes from cometary-type showers, with really high echo counts at mid-upper levels of the peak received power. An assymmetric curve of activity of the Geminids complex is evidenced, with the peak flux of smaller particles occurring earlier than that of larger ones. 相似文献
2.
Abstract A borehole is developed in a shallow multi-layered aquifer and used to derive the porosity, specific storage and hydraulic conductivity of the aquitard. Local values of hydrodynamical parameters are estimated from petrophysical analysis of core samples, and the empirical relationship between porosity and permeability. Vertical diffusivity is determined from the response of the aquitard to a loading cyclic signal using pressure records at different depths. Hydraulic conductivities deduced from the petrophysical analysis ranged from 10?8 to 10?10 m s?1 and are comparable with those of facies of marine/lacustrine clay observed in samples. The permeability values calculated based on diffusivity are within the range 10?9 to 10?11 m s?1 with a quasi-systematic bias of one order of magnitude. These values are average for a larger part of the aquitard and correspond to an integrated value. The methodology retained for the aquitard characterization is discussed with emphasis on the implications for the management of a complex aquifer system. Citation Larroque, F., Cabaret, O., Atteia, O., Dupuy, A., and Franceschi, M., 2013. Vertical heterogeneities of hydraulic aquitard parameters: preliminary results from laboratory and in situ monitoring. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 58 (4), 912–929. 相似文献
3.
Ping Yin Cathryn N. Mitchell Lucilla Alfonsi Mike Pinnock Paul Spencer Giorgiana De Franceschi Vincenzo Romano Patrick Newell Pierguido Sarti Monia Negusini Alessandro Capra 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2009,71(17-18):1757-1765
Ground-based dual-frequency GPS observations can be used to create images of electron density. This is well established for the Arctic ionosphere; here one of the first results is presented for the Antarctic. In this study, the GPS receivers in the Antarctic are supplemented with another GPS receiver onboard CHAMP. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the technique for investigating geophysical events, for example, an ionospheric disturbance period on 11 February 2004. The images have been validated by in-situ measurements from DMSP and CHAMP satellites, as well as Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) convection patterns, which are able to confirm the location, presence, and transportation of large-scale plasma patches. This study indicates that although the convection still dominates in the high-latitude ionosphere, soft precipitation within the polar cap may play a role in the evolution of the polar patches. It also illustrates the potential for future multi-instrument studies of the Antarctic. 相似文献
4.
Giorgiana De Franceschi Lucilla Alfonsi David Altadill Pal Bencze Alain Bourdillon Dalia Buresova Ljiljana R. Cander Benito de la Morena Lefteris Economou Miguel Herraiz Kirsti Kauristie Jan Lastovicka Silvia Pau Gracia Rodriguez Richard Stamper Iwona Stanislawska 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2009,104(1-4):63-67
The objective of the COST296 Action MIERS (Mitigation of Ionospheric Effects on Radio Systems) is to develop an increased knowledge of the effects imposed by the ionosphere on practical radio systems, and for the development and implementation of techniques to mitigate the deleterious effects of the ionosphere on such systems (http://www.cost296.rl.ac.uk). The COST296 Community contributes to the international efforts of IHY with scientific and outreach activities as well. After the realization of a web site hosted by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), developed also to promote the ionospheric physics to the open public, the COST296 Community supported an initiative addressed to the pupils of the primary school of several European Countries: the realization of a school-calendar dedicated to the Sun and to the Sun-Earth connections. 相似文献
5.
Grégoire Métais Pierre-Olivier Antoine S.R. Hassan Baqri Jean-Yves Crochet Dario De Franceschi Laurent Marivaux Jean-Loup Welcomme 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2009,34(2):154-167
The Oligocene-early Miocene Chitarwata Formation records a critical interval of terrestrial sedimentation that predates the Siwalik deposits on the Potwar Plateau of north-central Pakistan. This Oligocene-early Miocene time interval has long been considered as lacking in the entire Indo-Pakistan region. The Chitarwata Formation is widely exposed in the Sulaiman Range, but has never been described in detail in the Sulaiman Lobe, where the famous fossiliferous strata called ‘Bugti Bone Beds’ have been known for over a century and half. The Chitarwata Formation represents coastal-delta at the base, and plain and fluvial environments at the top. Lithofacies and sedimentary structures of the Chitarwata Formation in the Bugti area are described in detail, and show a clearly distinct lithologic pattern, different from that reported from the Zinda Pir area. The Chitarwata Formation also records an important transition in the evolution of the drainage systems in the area during the late Paleogene and early Neogene. This transition from the west-flowing paleo-Indus fluvial system to the development of the ancestral Indus drainage system may explain the numerous hiatuses that characterize the Chitarwata Formation. The abundance of fossil mammals from the Chitarwata and overlying Vihowa formation in the Bugti Hills provides critical biochronologic information that sheds new light on biostratigraphic correlation with the Zinda Pir area and for the entire Sulaiman Range. 相似文献
6.
Limestones containing radiaxial fibrous cements were sampled along the southern slope of the late Anisian (Middle Triassic) Latemar carbonate platform in the Dolomites, northern Italy. The Latemar upper slopes comprise massive microbial boundstone, whereas lower slopes are made of clinostratified grainstone, rudstone and breccia. Samples are representative of a seawater column from near sea‐level to an aphotic zone at about 500 m water depth. Radiaxial fibrous cements were analyzed for carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) stable isotopic composition, as well as major and trace element content, to shed light on the origin of the slope facies zonation. The δ13C vary between 1·7‰ and 2·3‰ (Vienna Pee‐Dee Belemnite), with lowest values at palaeo‐water depths between 70 m and 300 m. Radiaxial fibrous cements yielded seawater‐like rare earth element patterns with light rare earth element depletion (NdSN/YbSN ≈ 0·4), superchondritic yttrium/holmium ratios (≈55) and negative cerium anomalies. Cadmium reaches maximum values of ca 0·5 to 0·7 μg/g at palaeo‐water depths between 70 m and 300 m; barium contents (0·8 to 1·8 μg/g) increase linearly with depth. The downslope patterns of δ13C and cadmium suggest increased nutrient and organic matter contents at depths between ca 70 m and 300 m and point to an active biological pump. The peak in cadmium and the minimum of δ13C mark a zone of maximum organic matter respiration and high nutrient and organic matter availability. The base of this zone at ca 300 m depth corresponds with the transition from massive microbial boundstone to clinostratified grainstone, rudstone and breccia. The microbial boundstone facies apparently formed only in seawater enriched in organic matter, possibly because this organic matter sustained benthic microbial communities at Latemar. The base of slope microbialites on high‐relief microbial carbonate platforms may be a proxy for the depth to maximum respiration zones of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic periplatform basins. 相似文献
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A recursive filter adopted for online eddy covariance analysis of turbulence data inthe atmospheric surface layer is revisited, and its properties and performanceare evaluated by means of concepts and methods developed in digital signal analysis.A rigorous estimate of effective cut-off frequency is derived along with an estimateof filter induced phase lag. Accordingly, filter design criteria are revised and variouseffects of parameter choice are assessed. Furthermore suitable corrections for compensating filter induced distortion, i.e., phase lag and attenuation, are proposed. The modified filter is tested on: (a) An artificial time series (random noise superimposed to `slow' sinusoidal signal); (b) turbulence data from field measurements. In case (a) the retrieval of input signal parameters is appreciably improved. In case (b) a better agreement with a Gaussian moving average is obtained, at lower computational cost. 相似文献
9.
Marco Ciolli Massimiliano de Franceschi Roberto Rea Alfonso Vitti Dino Zardi Paolo Zatelli 《Transactions in GIS》2004,8(2):191-209
The ability to manage and process fully three‐dimensional information has only recently been made available for a few Geographical Information Systems (GIS). An example of integrated and complementary use of 2D and 3D GRASS modules for the evaluation and representation of thermally induced slope winds over complex terrain is presented. The analytic solution provided by Prandtl (1942) to evaluate wind velocity and (potential) temperature anomaly induced by either diurnal heating or nocturnal cooling on a constant angle slope is adopted to evaluate wind and temperature profiles at any point over both idealised and real complex terrain. As these quantities depend on the slope angle of the ground and on the distance from the slope surface suitable procedures are introduced to determine the coordinate n of a point in the 3D volume measured along the direction locally normal to the terrain surface. A new GRASS module has been developed to evaluate this quantity and to generate a 3D raster file where each cell is assigned the value of the cell on the surface belonging to the normal vector. The application of the algorithm implemented in GRASS to an ideal valley and to a real valley close to the city of Trento in the Alps provides results in accordance with data reported in the literature. An extension of Prandtl's (1942) model to take into account humidity and evaporation processes on the soil is also proposed and implemented. 相似文献
10.
Tyrone O. Rooney Pastora Franceschi Chris M. Hall 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2011,161(3):373-388
Amphibole, while uncommon as a phenocryst in arc lavas, is increasingly recognized as a key constituent in the petrogenesis
of arc magmas. Fractional crystallization of water-saturated arc magmas in the lower crust can yield substantial volumes of
amphibole cumulates that, depending on the pressure of crystallization, may also contain garnet. Fractionation of this higher
pressure assemblage has been invoked as a possible mechanism in the production of magmas that contain an adakitic signature.
This study examines newly dated Late-Oligocene (25.37 ± 0.13 Ma) hypabyssal amphibole-rich andesites from Cerro Patacon in
the Panama Canal region. These andesites contain nodules of amphibole cumulates that are ~4–6 cm in diameter and are almost
entirely composed of 5–10-mm amphibole crystals (dominantly ferri-tschermakite). Geochemical variations, optical and chemical
zoning of the Cerro Patacon amphiboles are consistent with their evolution in a crystal mush environment that had at least
one recharge event prior to entrainment in the host andesite. Amphiboles hosted within the cumulate nodules differ from those
hosted in the Cerro Patacon andesite and contain consistently higher values of Ti. We suggest these nodules represent the
early stages of fractionation from a water-saturated magma. Cerro Patacon andesites have REE concentrations that plot at the
most depleted end of Central American Arc magmas and exhibit a distinctive depletion in the middle REE. These geochemical
and petrographic observations strongly support significant amphibole fractionation during formation of the Cerro Patacon andesite,
consistent with the petrographic evidence. Fractionation of water-saturated magmas is a mechanism by which adakitic compositions
may be produced, and the Cerro Patacon andesites do exhibit adakite-like geochemical characteristics (e.g., elevated Sr/Y;
28–34). However, the relatively elevated concentrations of Y and HREE indicate garnet was not stable in the fractionating
assemblage during this early stage of arc development. 相似文献