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At its southern margin along the Hoher Bogen mountain, the Teplá-Barrandian (Bohemian massif, Central Europe) is made up of a 1- to 4-km wide belt of amphibolites. An upper amphibolite/lower granulite facies Variscan metamorphism has brought forth coarse-grained, weakly foliated rocks with hbl+pl±cpx±opx±grt parageneses. Since the beginning of this century, these rocks, together with fine-grained or mylonitized amphibolites, have been regarded as metamorphic gabbros (gabbro amphibolites) of the Neukirchen-Kdyne igneous complex. Relics of magmatic textures, however, cannot be found anywhere. The amphibolites are therefore reinterpreted as metamorphic basalts. The Hoher Bogen amphibolites (HBA) derive from N-type MORB. The most primitive samples have Mg#s between 60 and 65. Locally occurring (garnet-)hornblendites and leucodioritic mobilisates are the products of partial melting of amphibolites during the Variscan metamorphism and do not belong to the primary magmatic rock association. Ultramafic rocks are tectonically emplaced between the HBA belt and the metapelitic rocks of the Moldanubian. At the very least, the metapyroxenites among them seem to have a cumulus origin. Together with the ultramafic rocks, the HBA belt may be regarded as a metaophiolite, comparable to the Mariánské Lazne complex. The reinterpretation of the former "gabbro amphibolites" as a metaophiolite has consequences for the geology of the Teplá-Barrandian: the size of the Neukirchen-Kdyne igneous complex is reduced. The HBA belt is a piece of oceanic crust which is possibly younger than the Precambrian metasedimentary/metavolcanic country rock of the Neukirchen-Kdyne igneous complex. 相似文献
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Mineralogy and Petrology - Samples from 17 small granitic intrusions of late-Variscan age have been investigated for their chemical compositions and petrographic characteristics. All of them... 相似文献
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Velocity and suspension measurements in the logarithmic layer of hydraulically smooth turbulent tidal flow from the North Sea are reported. The data were not compatible with the assumption of Newtonian flow for the experimental seawater—clay suspension.Laboratory measurements were initiated with mud and seawater from the North Sea in which the boundary-layer structure of this two-phase flow was measured down into the viscous sublayer. The dilute seawater—clay suspension was a mixture of illite, kaolinite and chlorite minerals with concentrations less than 380 mg/l and exhibited turbulent drag reduction.By reviewing flow measurements of other authors it is suggested that turbulent drag reduction occurs on a geophysical scale if the flows transport cohesive sediments. It is proposed that drag reduction is caused by dynamic interaction between turbulent shear strain in the flow and deformation of aggregates.As a consequence, the values of the critical friction velocity and of erosion rates must be reviewed for cohesive bottom materials. Normally they were obtained under the assumption of a Newtonian flow structure which is not applicable if the flow transports cohesive sediments.To detect the occurrence of drag reduction in geophysical boundary layers (hydraulically smooth), flow measurements must be performed down into the viscous sublayer. The adequate velocity sensors must have a diameter of ?1 mm. 相似文献
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Particle accumulation in a cylindrical sediment trap under laminar and turbulent steady flow: An experimental approach 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Giselher Gust Walter Bowles Steven Giordano Markus Hüttel 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1996,58(4):297-326
The hydrodynamical, fluid and particle parameters which control flushing rates, flow cells, and accumulation rates of particulate matter in cylindrical (MultiPIT) sediment traps were quantified in a flume simulation using a seeding technique for 25–45 µm particles. Particle collection was found to be a trap- and particle-specific filtering process encompassing advective and gravitational entry of particles over a reduced trap aperture area, and gravitational-turbulent removal of particles at the bottom of the internal flow cell. Trapping efficiency increased up to 10-fold with increasing horizontal flow velocity (1–30 cm · s–1). For given flow velocity, the trap over-and undercollected particles relative to their weight, i.e. (theoretical) Stokes settling velocity. The trapping efficiency increased with increasing trap Reynolds number ReT, changed by the approaching velocity in our experiments. Opposite findings from earlier experiments using the flume seeding technique and changing ReT by altering the trap diameter (Butman, 1986) are discussed. Semi-empirical equations are derived for the accumulation process of light, heavy and intermediate particles. From these, measured trap fluxes can be converted into in-situ verticle particle flux except for light particles. 相似文献
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Summary 50 alkali feldspars from a Variscan porphyritic granite and 27 from two country rocks of Caledonian and Variscan age respectively have been investigated for their bulk chemistries and their structural states. Ordering is illustrated in thebc-plot afterStewart andWright (1974); unmixing is illustrated in a newly designed diagram with the Or-contents of the bulk feldspar and that of the unmixed K-rich phase on the coordinates. The feldspars from the granite have a greater variability with regand to chemistry, degree of ordering and degree of unmixing than those of the country rocks. Ordering and unmixing depend mainly on the action of a hydrous fluid phase. During the in situ formation of the granite, water must have accumulated in the granitic magma and must have remained in the granite after consolidation. Temperatures derived by means of the two feldspar geothermometer indicate selective loss of sodium during the postmagmatic stage and before unmixing of the alkali feldspars. Loss of sodium makes unmixing increasingly sluggish.
With 6 Figures 相似文献
Ordnung und Entmischung von Alkalifeldspäten in einem porphyrischen Granit und seinen Nebengesteinen
Zusammenfassung 60 Alkalifeldspäte aus einem varistischen porphyrischen Granit und 27 Alkalifeldspäte aus zwei verschiedenen Nebengesteinen (Metamorphosealter kaledonisch bzw. varistisch) wurden chemisch analysiert und auf ihren Strukturzustand hin untersucht. Der Ordnungszustand wird imbc-Diagramm nachStewart undWright (1974) dargestellt, die Entmischung in einem Variationsdiagramm mit den Or-Gehalten des Gesamtfeldspats bzw. der entmischten K-reichen Phase als Achsen. Die Feldspäte des Granits sind hinsichtlich Chemismus, Ordnungsgrad und Entmischungsgrad variabler als die der Nebengesteine. Ordnung und Entmischung hängen im wesentlichen vom Einfluß der wäßrigen fluiden Phase ab. Während der in situ-Bildung des Granits muß sich H2O im Magma angereichert haben und nach der Erstarrung noch im Granit gewesen sein. Anhand des Zwei-Feldspat-Geothermometers wurden Modelltemperaturen abgeleitet. Die erhaltenen Werte weisen auf einen selektiven Velust von Natrium aus dem Alkalifeldspat während des postmagmatischen Stadiums vor der Entmischung hin. Der Na-Verlust macht den Entmischungsvorgang träger.
With 6 Figures 相似文献
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