Damage identification method using harmonic excitation force considering both modelling and measurement errors     

Aiko Furukawa  Junji Kiyono  Hirokazu Iemura  Hisanori Otsuka 《地震工程与结构动力学》2005,34(10):1285-1304

A method of structural damage identification using harmonic excitation force is presented. It considers the effects of both measurement and modelling errors in the baseline finite element model. Damage that accompanies changes in structural parameters can be estimated for a damaged structure from the change between measured vibration responses and ones calculated from the analytical model of the intact structure. In practice, modelling errors exist in the analytical model due to material and geometric uncertainties and a reduction in the degrees of freedom as well as measurement errors, making identification difficult. To surmount these problems, bootstrap hypothesis testing, which enables statistical judgment without information about these errors, was introduced. The method was validated by numerical simulation using a three‐dimensional frame structure and real vibration data for a three‐storey steel frame structure. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

In situ strength measurements on natural upper-mantle minerals   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Junji Yamamoto  Jun-ichi Ando  Hiroyuki Kagi  Toru Inoue  Akihiro Yamada  Daisuke Yamazaki  Tetsuo Irifune 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2008,35(5):249-257

Using in situ strength measurements at pressures up to 10 GPa and at room temperature, 400, 600, and 700°C, we examined rheological properties of olivine, orthopyroxene, and chromian-spinel contained in a mantle-derived xenolith. Mineral strengths were estimated using widths of X-ray diffraction peaks as a function of pressure, temperature, and time. Differential stresses of all minerals increase with increasing pressure, but they decrease with increasing temperature because of elastic strain on compression and stress relaxation during heating. During compression at room temperature, all minerals deform plastically at differential stress of 4–6 GPa. During subsequent heating, thermally induced yielding is observed in olivine at 600°C. Neither orthopyroxene nor spinel shows complete stress relaxation, but both retain some stress even at 700°C. The strength of the minerals decreases in the order of chromian-spinel ≈ orthopyroxene > olivine for these conditions. This order of strength is consistent with the residual pressure of fluid inclusions in mantle xenoliths.  相似文献   

Guidelines for navigation and overflight in the exclusive economic zone     

Mark J. Valencia  Kazumine Akimoto 《Marine Policy》2006,30(6):704-711

Several significant international incidents in Asian exclusive economic zones (EEZs) have underscored the ambiguity and lack of agreement regarding the regime governing foreign military activities in coastal States’ EEZs. A group of senior officials and analysts participated in their personal capacities in a dialogue from 2002–2005 that discussed the issues with a view to improving mutual understanding of the regime and finding areas of agreement. The Tokyo meeting in September 2005 reached consensus on some voluntary, non-binding guidelines that are presented here. The guidelines are based selectively on the 1982 UNCLOS, State practice and emerging ‘soft’ law, and attempt to balance the interests of coastal States and user States. It is hoped that they may serve as the basis for discussion and eventual agreements between governments.  相似文献   

Effects of salinity downshock on dimethylsulfide production     

Takushi Niki  Miwa Shimizu  Ayako Fujishiro  Junji Kinoshita 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(5):873-877

During time-series observations in Sagami Bay, Japan, the concentration of dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP_d), a precursor of dimethylsulfide (DMS), was negatively correlated with salinity. In the laboratory, low-salinity shock reduced DMS production rates of the natural bacterial community and induced rapid DMSP release from a dinophyte, Heterocapsa triquetra, suggesting that low-salinity shock reduced DMSP_d consumption but enhanced DMSP_d production, which agrees with the negative correlation between DMSP_d and salinity observed in Sagami bay. In addition, low-salinity shock did not affect DMSP lyase activity of H. triquetra. Low-salinity shock would increase the contribution from algae in DMS production, leading to an increase in potential DMS productivity in the environment.  相似文献   

Simple determination of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry     

Takushi?NikiEmail author  Taiki?Fujinaga  Mariyo?F.?Watanabe  Junji?Kinoshita 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(5):913-917

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple, sensitive and less destructive method for the determination of dimethylsulfide (DMS) in seawater. Combined with detection by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the method had sufficient sensitivity (minimum detectable concentration of DMS was 0.05 nM), and practical levels of reproducibility (relative standard deviation ≤7%) and linearity (r ² > 0.995) over a wide concentration range (0.5 to 910 nM). The protocol developed was applied to a Sagami Bay water sample to determine concentrations of DMS and DMSP, and in situ DMSP-lyase activity.  相似文献   

Announcement     

K. Yagi  S. Akimoto 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1988,9(2):195-195

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Amorphous interstellar grains: Wavelength dependence of far-infrared emission efficiency     

Junji Seki  Tetsuo Yamamoto 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1980,72(1):79-86

It is shown theoretically that the emission efficiency of amorphous grains with radii smaller than 100 Å has a _-1-dependence in the wavelength region longer than 100 , whereas those of crystalline, metallic, and larger amorphous grains are proportional to _-2 in far infrared. Astrophysical implications of the amorphous grains are discussed.  相似文献   

Strain field measurements of rubber by image analysis and design criteria for laminated rubber bearings (LRB)     

Chamindalal Sujeewa Lewangamage  Masato Abe  Yozo Fujino  Junji Yoshida 《地震工程与结构动力学》2004,33(4):445-464

Although seismic isolation rubber bearings in bridges and buildings have proven to be a very effective passive method for reducing earthquake‐induced forces, a detailed mechanical modeling of the rubber that is used in bearings under large strains has not been established. Therefore, a 3D model of failure behavior and the design criteria for the safety evaluation of seismic isolation bearings have not yet been developed. This paper presents: (1) correlation‐based template‐matching algorithms to measure large strain fields of continua; (2) a failure criterion for rubber; and (3) the design criteria for the safety evaluation of laminated algorithms, data‐validation algorithms were developed and implemented to eliminate possible unrealistic displacement vectors present in the measured displacement field. The algorithms were successfully employed in the strain field measurement of LRB and rubber materials that are subjected to failure. The measured local strains for rubber material at failure were used to develop a failure criterion for rubber. The validity of the proposed criterion was evaluated by applying it to the LRB; the criterion was introduced into a 3D finite element model of LRB, compared with the experimental results of bearings failure, and verified. Finally, design criteria are proposed for LRB for the safety evaluation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

新疆乌恰萨热克铜矿北矿带库孜贡苏组沉积相、古流向、物源区及其找矿意义——来自砾石统计分析的证据   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陆俊吉  胡煜昭  江小均  乔欣 《地质通报》2016,35(6):963-970

萨热克盆地库孜贡苏组是萨热克铜矿的赋矿层位,开展沉积相、物源区及古流向研究对隐伏铜矿的勘探具有重要意义。选取萨热克铜矿北矿带库孜贡苏组地表矿化最好的砾岩展开砾石统计分析,结果表明,偏斜度显示砾岩为冲积扇相沉积,砾石叠瓦状和砂岩斜层理产状统计显示古流向为北北东向;砾石成分主要为石英、石英砂岩、砂岩,石英岩等;粒度分布呈宽峰态或尖峰态;物源区为元古宇长城系阿克苏群变质岩剥蚀区;物源补给分为主河流补给和支河流补给2种方式。冲积扇相、古流向、物源区分析确定了矿体的范围、最优的勘探线布置方位和潜在的找矿靶区,具有很好的勘探意义。  相似文献   

Mass Concentration and Mineralogical Characteristics of Aerosol Particles Collected at Dunhuang During ACE-Asia     

沈振兴  曹军骥  李旭祥  王亚强  张小曳 《大气科学进展》2006,23(2):291-298

Measurements were performed in spring 2001 and 2002 to determine the characteristics of soil dust in the Chinese desert region of Dunhuang, one of the ground sites of the Asia-Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-Asia). The mean mass concentrations of total suspended particle matter during the spring of 2001 and 2002 were 317 μg m?3 and 307 μg m?3, respectively. Eleven dust storm events were observed with a mean aerosol concentration of 1095 μg m?3, while the non-dusty days with calm or weak wind speed had a background aerosol loading of 196 μgm?3 on average in the springtime. The main minerals detected in the aerosol samples by X-ray diffraction were illite, kaolinite, chlorite, quartz, feldspar, calcite and dolomite. Gypsum, halite and amphibole were also detected in a few samples. The mineralogical data also show that Asian dust is characterized by a kaolinite to chlorite (K/C) ratio lower than 1 whereas Saharan dust exhibits a K/C ratio larger than 2. Air mass back-trajectory analysis show that three families of pathways are associated with the aerosol particle transport to Dunhuang, but these have similar K/C ratios, which further demonstrates that the mineralogical characteristics of Asian dust are different from African dust.  相似文献