Na Metasomatism in the Island-Arc Mantle by Slab Melt--Peridotite Interaction: Evidence from Mantle Xenoliths in the North Kamchatka Arc   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

KEPEZHINSKAS  PAVEL K.; DEFANT  MARC J.; DRUMMOND  MARK S. 《Journal of Petrology》1995,36(6):1505-1527

The Pliocene (7 Ma) Nb-enriched arc basalts of the ValovayamVolcanic Field (VVF) in the northern segment of the Kamchatkaarc, Russia, host abundant mantle xenoliths, including spinelIherzolites. Textural and microstructural evidence for high-temperature,multi-stage, creep-related deformations in spinel Iherzolitessupports a sub-arc mantle derivation. Pyroxene chemistry indicatesthe existence of two compositional suites: (1) a Cr-diopsidesuite with low-Tt, moderate-Al clinopyroxene compositions, and(2) an Al-augite suite with high Al and Tt, and low Cr concentrationsin clinopyroxene. Some spinel lherzolite xenoliths contain metasomaticAl-augite-type clinopyroxene, Al-Tt spinel, and felsic veinssimilar to trondhjemite melt. The Al-augite series xenolithstypically contain high-Na plagioclase, Cr-poor, Al-Fe-Mg andAl-Tt-Fe spinels, with occasional almandine-grossularite garnetand high-Al and -Na pargasitic amphibole. Pyroxene and spinel compositional trends suggest that the Crdiopsideseries xenoliths from the VVF Nb-enriched arc basalts representan island-arc mantle affected by a metasomatic event. Occurrenceof high-Na plagioclase and trondhjemitic veins favors the additionof a metasomatic component with high Na, Al and Si to the northernKamchatka arc mantle. Trondhjemitic veins, representing siliceousslab melts, compositionally exemplify the metasomatic component.Na metasomatism by peridotite-slab melt interaction is an importantmantle hybridization process responsible for arc-related alkalinemagma generation from a veined sub-arc mantle. KEY WORDS: metasomatism; island arc; mantle xenoliths; Kamchatka; mantle  相似文献   

The Petrogenetic Grid and Subfacies for Middle-temperature Metapelites     

KEPEZHINSKAS  K. B.; KHLESTOV  V. V. 《Journal of Petrology》1977,18(1):114-143

All a priori possible types of PT diagrams for medium-temperaturequartz- and muscovite- bearing metapelites, are deduced theoreticallyon the base of analysis of the concentration diagram for thesystem SiO₂-AI₂O₃-Fe₂O₃-FeO-MgO-CaO-K₂O-Na₂O-H₂O. Comparisonswith all known mineralogic observations permitted one to choosethe most probable type of diagram for all those derived. PTcalibration of this paragenetic grid is given as based on experimentaldata. It is established, that the Fe/Mg ratio decreases in mineralsof all the univariant associations with increase of pressure.The same is true of divariant associations at constant temperature. The suggested new scheme of subfacies permits the detailingof estimates of the PT conditions for the medium-temperatureregion (in the first place with respect to pressure).  相似文献   

埃达克岩：关于其成因的一些不同观点   总被引：171，自引：57，他引：114  

MarcJDEFANT  许继峰 《岩石学报》2002,18(2):129-142

埃达克岩的概念是十多年前提出来的,指由俯冲的年轻洋壳熔融形成的火成岩。自从最初在现代岛弧近十几个地方报道埃达克岩以来,新近又在几个地方发现有埃达克岩（如日本西南部,外墨西哥火山岩带,等等）。但是,过去十 多年的研究也表明,埃达克岩可以由俯冲期间的其它过程产生（例如,沿俯冲板片的撕裂边,留在上地幔中的板片残余等）。另外,埃达克岩似乎与一些岩石呈共生组合,这些岩石包括高镁安山岩、富Nb的弦玄武岩（NEAB）,还可能有玻安岩（几个研究者已在玻安岩中发现有埃达克岩的组分）。高镇安山岩不是来自埃达克与地幔的相互作用（Adak-type),就是来自此相互作用期间地幔的熔融（Piip-type);富Nb的弦玄武岩,据认为是来自一种被埃达我岩广泛交代的地幔的部分熔融。作为一个新的岩套,埃达克岩交代火山岩系列已被建议用来解释各种岩石组合。此外,大量的富Pb弧玄武岩也已被发现包含有超镁铁质的地幔包体,而这些包体有高亏损地幔与埃达克反应的明显证据。关于主要与下地壳熔而不是冲板片有关的埃达克岩的起源已提出几种假说,一个模型认为,下地壳熔融出现在玄武质岩浆底侵下地壳时。但是,有许多理由似乎可以排除这种模式。另一种模型认为,在大陆地壳很厚的区域,下地壳可能变成榴辉岩,从而拆离并下沉到地幔中（拆沉）。这个拆沉过程将导致下地壳下中拆沉的下地壳的上部与相对热的地幔接触,进而可引起下地壳熔融和埃达克岩的形成。这使我们认为,在中国东部发现的与俯冲作用无关的白垩纪埃达克可能是下地壳熔融与拆沉作用的产物。我们 还要强调,如果下地壳熔融与拆沉作用真能形成埃达克岩,那么埃达克岩这一术语不应该仅仅局限于与板片熔融有关的过程,而应包括那些与下地壳熔融有关的过程。太古宙的大陆地壳主要由奥长花岗岩、英云闪长岩和英安岩（TTD）组成。这种大陆地壳是来自板片熔融还是下地壳熔融仍是有争议的。然而,我们认为,太古宙期间地幔的较高温度会导致较多的洋中脊的形成,从而产生比今天“更多”的年轻洋壳的俯冲。据此,我们认为,太古宙TTD大陆地宙主要由板片熔融形成。我们也注意到,太古宙是广泛金矿化的时期。有些研究者还发现,金和铜的矿化与埃达克质交代火山岩系列有关。因此,该火山岩系列可能会寻找金属矿床的一个重要标志。  相似文献