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User Contribution Patterns and Completeness Evaluation of Mapillary,a Crowdsourced Street Level Photo Service 
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下载免费PDF全文 Mapillary is a Web 2.0 application which allows users to contribute crowdsourced street level photographs from all over the world. In the first part of the analysis this article reviews Mapillary data growth for continents and countries as well as the contribution behavior of individual mappers, such as the number of days of active mapping. In the second part of the analysis the study assesses Mapillary data completeness relative to a reference road network dataset at the country level. In addition, a more detailed completeness analysis is conducted for selected urban and rural areas in the US and part of northern Europe for which the completeness of Mapillary data will also be compared with that of Google Street View. Results show that Street View provides generally a better coverage on almost all road categories with some exceptions for pedestrian and cycle paths in selected cities. However, Mapillary data can be conveniently collected from any mobile device that is equipped with a photo camera. This gives Mapillary the potential to reach better coverage along off‐road segments than Google Street View. 相似文献
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The Apuseni Mountains constitute one of the most interesting parts of the Carpathians in terms of landscape, biodiversity
and culture. Yet dislocations are now severe and there are development threats which also require a significant response.
On the one hand there are some severe pollution problems associated with mining areas developed in the communist period which
require remedial action and the cases of Roşia Montana and Zlatna are discussed. On the other hand, there are forest and pasture
zones – especially the Padiş Plateau – which are coming under heavy pressure from farmers seeking to enhance their incomes
following the decline of mining and manufacturing which has left many households without salaries. At the same time, tourist
pressure is growing. Actions are already being taken to limit pollution damage and develop sustainable landuse practices.
There is a national park project linked with nature reserves comprising picturesque landscapes, a rare flora and fauna and
distinct geological and palaeotological formations (including fossil ice). There are major tourist attractions and with proper
management they could become part of a development programme of the countryside. However it is essential that all stakeholders
adopt sustainable practices and this means that official programmes – including the future national park authority administration's
work in environment protection and tourism management – are backed up by Environmental Non-Governmental Organisations (ENGOs).
The paper reviews their diverse activities and concludes that they are making a very substantial contribution in ensuring
that the potentials of isolated regions can be utilised in a manner consistent with nature conservation.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Levente Füköh 《GeoJournal》1995,36(2-3):255-259
Based on phylogenetical, palaeoecological and biostratigraphical studies on the Holocene malacofauna of Hungarian medium high mountains and flatlands, four faunal periods could be recognised in the mountains, while three ones on the flat regions. They are defined by correlation (using anthracotomical, palynological, vertebrate palaeontological, archaeological and radiometric data, as well as by the Central European malacozones) as biozones of regional value.The mollusc fauna may be regarded as the main palaeoecological indicator for the Hungarian Quaternary, because it is generally abundant, in contrast to the vertebrate fauna. On the other hand, the Hungarian Quaternary fauna mostly consists of species still living in the area. The ecological demands of recent species are generally well known. Most of the ecological data about the Quaternary formations were yielded by the examination of the Hungarian mollusc fauna.The Quaternary mollusc fauna is not only suitable for palaeoecological reconstructions but it helps in the stratigraphical division of the sequences, as well, mainly due to Endre Krolopp's activity (Krolopp 1983). This study and investigations of Holocene molluscs enabled us to make an attempt (Füköh 1990) in describing the history of the last ten thousand years. 相似文献
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