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Natural Resources Research - Best water management practices should involve the prediction of the availability of groundwater resources. To predict/forecast and consequently manage these water...  相似文献   
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To control the increasing pollution of streams in urban and industrial areas, ecological criteria such as indicator properties of organisms and biocoenoses are required. Hereby, the distribution and abundance of populations is determined by their genetic structure, that react in different ways to the intensity of burdening parameters. The Saar River is excessively polluted by industrial sewage, thermal wastes and chemicals. Therefore monitoring programs were established to analysze the structure of benthic populations in order to control the influence of the present pollution of the river. Genetic and population-ecological analyses of the freshwater gastropodPhysa acuta Drap. indicate gradually significant differences in the allele frequencies and their heterozygoties. The results demonstrate correlated strategies in different populations, whereby balanced allele frequency distribution patterns indicate the influence of the toxic substances. These analyses serve for a better understanding of evolutionary processes in urban environments as well as for an objective consideration of the indicator systems by detecting changes before the extinction of a taxon.  相似文献   
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A system identification approach can be incorporated in groundwater time series analysis, revealing information concerning the local hydrogeological situation. The aim of this work was to analyse water table fluctuations in an outcrop area of the Guarani Aquifer System (GAS) in Brotas/SP, Brazil, using data from a groundwater monitoring network. The water table dynamic was modelled using continuous time series models that reference the hydrogeological system upon which they operate. The model’s climatological inputs of precipitation and evapotranspiration generate impulse response (IR) functions with parameters that can be related to the physical conditions concerning the hydrological processes involved. The interpretation of the model parameters from two sets of monitoring wells selected at different land-use sites is presented, exemplifying the effect of different water table depths and the distance to the nearest drainage location. Systematic trends of water table depths were also identified from model parameters at specific periods and related to plant development, crop harvest and land-use changes.
EDITOR D. Koutsoyiannis

ASSOCIATE EDITOR L. Ruiz  相似文献   
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