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V. G. Linnik I. V. Mironenko N. I. Volkova A. V. Sokolov 《Geochemistry International》2017,55(10):887-901
Data are presented on the distribution of Chernobyl-derived 137Cs in different landscapes of the Bryansk region. The role of different landscape-biogeochemical factors in the transformation of the 137Cs contamination field is examined. The distribution of 137Cs in the typical soil catenary junction of predpolessie, predopolje, and opolje landscapes is analyzed. The role of biogeochemical barriers in the 137Cs accumulation is considered. It is revealed that the slope exposure affects the intensity of geochemical migration. In particular, the intensity of lateral migration of 137Cs on the slopes of the southern and southwestern exposure is much higher than that on the slopes of the northern and northeastern exposure. The different types of geochemical lateral structure of landscape are analyzed on the basis of the catenary 137Cs distribution. 相似文献
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Cherkasova Elena V. Konyshev Artem A. Soldatova Evgeniya A. Sidkina Evgeniya S. Mironenko Mikhail V. 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2021,27(2):141-158
Equilibrium-kinetic modeling allows investigating metal behavior in the water–rock-organic matter system with time to evaluate anthropogenic effects on the environment. In the article, the interactions of stagnant mine drainage water of the flooded mine “Arsenic” with ore and gangue minerals were simulated using different organic matter incorporation approaches. If the model is closed to humic substances (no additional organic matter input), most fulvic acids are bound in the Fe fulvate complex. While under the removal of Fe fulvate from the model, the Cu fulvate becomes prevalent, the contribution of the fulvate complexes with Zn, Mg, and Ca also increases. This scenario simulates the organo-mineral complexes behavior well and allows identifying the sequence of metal binding to organic ligands as follows Fe?>?Cu?>?Zn?>?Mg?>?Ca. The second scenario imitates the constant input of organic matter to the model (open system regarding humic substances). The dissolved metal concentrations in the model solution are extremely high in comparison to the mine drainage water. This scenario demonstrates that excessive input of organic matter leads to the accumulation of the metals in a dissolved form and blocks the secondary mineral formation despite the faster dissolution of the primary minerals under a more acidic pH than in the first scenario. However, despite the differences between the model solution and the mine drainage water, this scenario is useful to address specific issues associated with changes in natural and anthropogenic conditions. Both scenarios show the importance of organic matter incorporation to the equilibrium-kinetic models.
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N. V. Alisov E. B. Valev Yu. V. Ilinich V. T. Zhukov N. S. Mironenko 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(2):161-165
General problems of complex atlas mapping—selection of scales and indices for mapping, standardization of legends, establishment of appropriate levels of generalization, etc.—are addressed using the first comprehensive economic atlas of CMEA member countries as an example. The Atlas itself contains general overview maps of economic linkages of CMEA member nationa with the world economy, maps devoted to economic transactions and patterns within the CMEA as a whole, and general economic maps of the individual member nations. Translated from: Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta, geografiya, 1985, No. 4, pp. 3-6. 相似文献
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A model is development for the kinetic and thermodynamic simulation of the interaction of seawater and its metamorphosed derivatives with crustal rocks in slow-spreading ridges. The thermodynamic modulus of the model is based on the GEOCHEQ complex, which makes it possible to simulate equilibria in systems of aqueous solutions-minerals-gases. The calculating code was modified and adjusted for the thermodynamic-kinetic simulation of the passage of irreversible solution-rock reactions with time. The simulations were carried out for a simplified crustal vertical section of slow-spreading (Hess-type) ridges, which consist only of mantle peridotites (spinel harzburgites). The results of our simulations demonstrate that the degree of peridotite serpentinization under the effect of low-temperature seawater when the rocks are exposed at the seafloor surface remains very low even after 10000 years of interaction. Serpentinization becomes efficient only at temperatures of 130–150°C at crustal depths of 3.5–4.5 km. The results of our simulations allowed us to develop a thermodynamic model for the origin of hydrothermal systems in peridotites in slow-spreading ridges, with regard for the major stages in the material and tectonic evolution of the Hess crust. 相似文献
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Equilibrium-kinetic model of water-rock interaction 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A computer model was developed for chemical interaction in water-rock systems. The model is based on the concept of partial
equilibrium [1] and combines the calculation of chemical equilibria in multicomponent systems with accounting for the kinetics
of the congruent dissolution of minerals as a function of pH (zeroth order kinetic reactions). The development of the process
in time is simulated as a series of sequential partial equilibria, and the bulk chemical composition of the system is calculated
at each time step from the chemical composition of aqueous solution at the beginning of the step and masses of minerals dissolved
during time Δt. The dissolution rates of individual minerals are calculated at each time step for the given temperature, current pH value,
and the degree of solution saturation with respect to minerals. Variations in the surface area of minerals due to precipitation
and dissolution are accounted for. Model application is exemplified by the calculation of chemical equilibria in the water-granite
system. The model may be useful for understanding the character of low-temperature interactions in water-rock systems under
stagnant conditions, in particular, the multistage development of groundwater chemistry, interaction of liquid radioactive
waste injected into underground repositories, etc. 相似文献
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The spectral imaging of the Mars obtained with the Mars Express/OMEGA experiment demonstrates that a majority of the sulfates-rich regions are associated with the interior light-toned layered deposits within the canyon system in the equatorial zone of the planet. While all sulfates-rich deposits inside the canyons are characterized by the presence of the kieserite and hydrated magnesium sulfates, the spectral features of gypsum were detected only in the Juventae Chasma and the Iani Chaos. The detection of gypsum in the upper part of the layered deposits, stacking the erosional remnant on the floor of the Juventae Chasma (above the spectral signature of the kieserite and polyhydrated sulfates detected on the flanks of the remnant) represents a more intriguing case. To clarify the question of the presence of gypsum in the Juventae Chasma, we present reanalyzed OMEGA spectra within that area and performed the chemical equilibrium modelling of sulfates precipitation sequence at the freezing and the evaporation of a hypothetical aqueous solution which could have existed within the Chasma in the past. Our results did not confirm the presence of distinct spectral signatures of gypsum. The results of equilibrium modelling also exclude significant precipitation of gypsum during the latest stage of the aqueous sedimentation, responsible for the formation of the upper part of the erosional remnant. 相似文献
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It is pointed out that the conceptual basis for the shaping of Soviet recreation geography was provided by the logical-graphical model of a territorial recreation system as developed in the early 1970s. We emphasize that the fundamentally novel concepts of the functioning and development of the territorial recreation system built upon the adaptive and synergic research approaches began emerging and evolving in the Soviet Union during the 1980s. At a later time, this greatly enhanced the understanding of the mechanisms of market competition in the sphere of tourism business evolving in the country. The findings obtained in this study are in good agreement with internationally recognized achievements of other countries in the realm of tourism geography, more specifically in the study of cross-cultural interactions in terms of the home–destination and guest–host models. It is confirmed that the increasing current importance of economic synergy is attendant by a growth of research interest in the ethnopsychological aspects of tourism. A rationale is given to the sustainability criteria of recreation-geographical processes from the perspective of the problems of preserving the uniqueness of tourist destinations and ensuring the progressive dynamics of their main components: natural environment, population, economy, culture, and self-management bodies. 相似文献