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1.
A multi-chamber model of radioactivity migration in reservoirs was developed. It describes transport of radioactive substances in water and in bed sediments taking into account sorbtion of radionuclides on suspended particles. The model provides higher resolution than simplified chamber models do. At the same time, unlike complex two- or three-dimensional dynamic models, it does not require hard-to-obtain data such as detailed data on bathymetry, currents and winds. The model was included into the Sybilla program code that was developed in the framework of the Rosatom project called PRORYV. The model was verified against the observed data on the contamination of the Kiev Reservoir with 137Cs in 1986. 相似文献
2.
M. A. Nosov G. N. Nurislamova A. V. Moshenceva S. V. Kolesov 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2014,50(5):520-531
The linear theory of long waves was applied to study horizontal motions of the water layer in a rotating ocean which appear after tsunami generation by an earthquake. The structures of residual potential and eddy fields are analyzed on the basis of the analytical solution of a model axisymmetric problem for an ocean of constant depth. The estimates of the horizontal displacements of water particles, velocity of the eddy current, and energy of the geostrophic eddy are calculated for typical conditions of the tsunami source. Particular features of the residual fields related to the existence of stable stratification are considered. Static and dynamic numerical models are described that allow us to calculate the residual potential field and its evolution related to the realistic events. The field of residual horizontal displacements of water particles for the catastrophic earthquake near the coasts of Japan on March 11, 2011, is calculated and analyzed. 相似文献
3.
Doklady Earth Sciences - The manifestations of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai volcano explosive eruption on January 15, 2022, in the Pacific region were investigated using the data of the... 相似文献
4.
Orlov A. M. Gorbatenko K. M. Benzik A. N. Rybakov M. O. Nosov M. A. Orlova S. Yu. 《Oceanology》2021,61(2):295-296
Oceanology - The article presents the results of hydrobiological, ichthyological, trophological, acoustic, and genetic research aboard the R/V Professor Levanidov in the Chukchi, East Siberian,... 相似文献
5.
The role of bottom friction in the runup of nonbreaking long waves on the shore is analyzed. The case of the normal incidence of monochromatic waves is considered. The relief of the model region consists of an even horizontal bottom area conjugated with a flat slope. The energy dissipation is estimated as the work of bottom friction forces over the wave field obtained using the known analytical solution based on the Carrier-Greenspan transforms. Estimates of energy losses for waves whose periods are typical for tsunami waves have been obtained. The energy dissipation is shown to be not concentrated in the shore line area as a rule. The question about the practicability of using partially reflecting boundary conditions on the coast to take into account the bottom friction in large-scale models of tsunami propagation is considered. 相似文献
6.
Mikhail A. Nosov Anastasia V. Moshenceva Sergey V. Kolesov 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2013,170(9-10):1647-1660
Because it is based on an initial seismic analysis and preset criteria, tsunami forecast often fails in assessment of tsunami danger. The level of danger can be determined more or less reliably only when observed sea level data became available. Along with the sea level data, i.e., vertical motions of free water surface, we suggest considering horizontal motions of water that accompany the formation and the propagation of a tsunami. The amplitude of horizontal motions is normally much higher than the amplitude of the vertical motions. Detection of the horizontal motions may provide tsunami warning centers with additional in situ data that can be used for estimation of tsunami strength. In this study, taking the 2011 Tohoku-Oki event as an example, horizontal motions of water in the vicinity of the tsunami source are theoretically examined by means of dynamic and static numerical models developed within the framework of linear shallow-water approximation. It is shown that in the vicinity of the tsunami source within a wide area of about 0.5 million square kilometers, the amplitude of horizontal motions exceeded 10 m, whereas in some shallow-water areas the amplitude amounted to hundreds of meters. Possible methods of in situ detection of the horizontal motions are discussed. 相似文献
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8.
Based on the USGS slip distribution data (Finite Fault Model), the vector field of the seafloor deformation in the source
of the tsunami that occurred on March 11, 2011, was calculated. The field of seafloor deformation and distribution of depths
in the area of the source were used for reconstruction of the initial elevation of the water surface in the tsunami source.
It was found that the contribution of horizontal deformations into the amplitude of the initial elevation, into the displaced
water volume, and into the potential energy of the initial elevation is at about 20–25%. Within the framework of the linear
theory of long waves, numerical simulation of evolution of the initial elevation was made. The simulation results were compared
to the signals recorded by the four deep water stations DART which were the nearest to the source. It was shown that account
of the horizontal deformation of the seafloor provides a more precise coincidence between the model and real data. Insignificant
differences in arrival times of the model and real signals were interpreted as manifestation of phase dispersion and finite
duration for the seafloor deformation to form. 相似文献
9.
The process of tsunami generation by the moving horizontal bottom displacement is studied numerically. The influence produced by the displacement rate and the range of the run on the parameters of the wave generated is studied. A comparison with the results derived using the linear theory of long waves is made.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
10.
Cosmic-ray (CR) fluctuations in both the drift and diffusion approximations are investigated and the results compared with experimental data. Kinetic equation is used to obtain equations for the second moment of the CR distribution function (the correlation function of the distribution function fluctuations) in both approximations. An application of these approximations to the correlation function equation gives the relations between the CR power spectra and random magnetic fields in interplanetary space. Different magneto-turbulence models are taken in consideration and the relations between the spectral indices are obtained in various frequency intervals.The theoretical results are compared with experimental data obtained by the network of neutron monitors. The CR power spectra observed at the ground level during the years 1978–1981 has been calculated. The investigated frequency range of 3×10–8 to 10–4 Hz consists of two parts, with a transient region of 10–6 to 10–5 Hz. Together with the background CR fluctuations the contribution of both the periodic and aperiodic phenomena is observed. 相似文献