Cloning of a chub metallothionein cDNA and development of competitive RT-PCR of chub metallothionein mRNA as a potential biomarker of heavy metal exposure   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Hayes RA  Regondi S  Winter MJ  Butler PJ  Agradi E  Taylor EW  Kevin Chipman J 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):665-669

Metallothionein has been assayed in a range of aquatic animal tissues as an indicator of metal exposure. We sequenced chub (Leuciscus cephalus) metallothionein cDNA which showed over 90% homology to common carp, goldfish and stone loach and 77% homology to rainbow trout sequences for metallothionein. We then used the extended primer method to develop an accurate quantitative competitive RT-PCR assay for metallothionein mRNA. RT-PCR was used to measure metallothionein mRNA in feral chub from a range of field sites, with different levels of heavy metal pollution, in the West Midlands, UK. Measurements were complemented by analysis of liver and gill metallothionein protein by capillary electrophoresis. There was no significant difference in the metallothionein protein levels between fish of different rivers and there was no evidence of elevation of mRNA at the sites of highest metal exposure. The level of metal exposure (e.g. zinc, nickel and cadmium each ranging between 15 and 28 microg/l ) at the pH (7.5-8.5) of these rivers appears insufficient to elevate hepatic or gill metallothionein in chub. A lack of elevation of hepatic metallothionein mRNA in chub exposed to zinc, copper and manganese for 24 h and 10 days in the laboratory also suggests a non-responsiveness of this species.  相似文献   

Correlative changes in metabolism and DNA damage in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) exposed to benzo[a]pyrene     

Telli-Karakoç F  Ruddock PJ  Bird DJ  Hewer A  Van Schanke A  Phillips DH  Peters LD 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):511-515

Juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were injected intraperitoneally with either corn oil or 5 mg/kg benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) dissolved in corn oil and sampled I and 3 days after injection. After 1 day, no elevation of 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity was observed, however bile metabolites (BaP-7,8 dihydrodiol representing 70% of the total metabolites) and a single hepatic DNA adduct spot (0.47 adducts/10(8) nucleotides) identified by 32P-postlabelling were formed. No BaP metabolites or DNA adducts were observed in either control or carrier control fish. Fish sampled after 3 days reported 5-fold higher (P < 0.05) levels of EROD activity, a shift in the bile metabolite profile towards BaP phenol formation (1OH and 30H BaP comprising up to 60% of total metabolites detected) and the formation of two adduct spots (0.86 and 0.71 adducts/10(8) nucleotides). These results show that BaP can be metabolised and form hydrophobic DNA adducts in turbot without EROD elevation. Following EROD elevation, a shift in the profile of both BaP metabolites and BaP metabolite-DNA interactions occurs indicative of other oxidative processes.  相似文献   

宁夏回族自治区土地沙漠化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于艳青  尹秉喜  张发旺  肖宇 《地理与地理信息科学》2002,18(2):76-79

该文分析土地沙漠化的形成是不合理的人类经济活动和恶劣的自然环境相互作用的结果。人类不仅是促进土地沙漠化发生发展的主要动因 ,同时也是沙漠化的受害者。只有采取合理的符合生态原则的治理活动 ,诸如一系列政策保护与技术防治相结合的措施 ,才能实现土地沙漠化逆转  相似文献   

GPS在地面沉降监测中的应用探讨   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

徐建芳  张发旺  张进才 《地理与地理信息科学》2003,19(5):43-45

利用GPS进行地面沉降监测能够解决传统测量方法工作量大、周期长的问题。该文结合实例，论述了GPS在地面沉降监测中的应用，分析了GPS测量方法的优点和误差，提出了GPS测量地面沉降的适用条件。  相似文献   

灰色统计方法及其在岩演塌陷预测分析中的应用     

张发旺  赵华 《河北地质学院学报》1996,19(2):144-150

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宁夏南部“南北古脊梁”岩溶裂隙水流系统分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李向全  张发旺  毕二平  韩占涛 《地球学报》2004,25(5):571-574

运用构造控水分析、水化学同位素等方法,对宁南“南北古脊梁”岩溶裂隙水系统进行了深入的分析与讨论。该区储水空间以岩溶裂隙为主,岩溶水的空间分布明显受SN向大型断裂构造控制。岩溶地下水以大气降水起源为主,并表现为多元水混合而成。水质分布呈现南优北劣的分带特征,北部水一岩相互作用形式为溶滤一蒸发浓缩型,呈高矿化咸水,南部为溶滤一混合型,呈低矿化淡水。根据水动力场和水化学场特征,划分了3个相对独立的岩溶水子系统。  相似文献   

黄河流域地下水资源、主要环境地质问题及对策建议   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

石建省  张发旺  秦毅苏  李瑞敏  叶浩  刘祖植  安立忠  裴捍华  郭振中  赵云章  王彦俊 《地球学报》2000,21(2):114-120

本文在重新汇总黄河流域地下水资源量的基础上 ,提供黄河流域天然补给资源总量为453 .54亿m3 /a,其中淡水为 40 3 .51亿m3 /a,微咸水补给约 50 .0 3亿m3 /a。可开采资源总量为2 1 2 .2 4亿m3 /a,其中淡水为 1 82 .42亿m3 /a,微咸水约 2 9.82亿m3 /a。总结分析了黄河流域主要环境地质问题的发展趋势 ,提出了水资源利用方面的一系列宏观对策建议。  相似文献   

神府东胜矿区采煤塌陷对水环境影响效应研究   总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21  

张发旺  赵红梅  宋亚新  陈立 《地球学报》2007,28(6):521-527

煤矿开采所造成的地面塌陷,已成为我国西部矿区危害范围最广,危害程度最大,延续时间最长的一种环境地质灾害,其对水环境的影响也最为严重,不仅导致区域水文地质条件遭到破坏,造成水循环模式发生改变,而且引起水资源量急剧减少,水体污染严重,水环境极度恶化.本文以西部煤炭能源基地神府东胜矿区为研究区,从地表水、包气带水、地下水及水体污染四方面,进行采煤塌陷对水环境的影响效应研究,为矿区水资源供需矛盾、水环境改善以及区域经济可持续发展等提供科学依据.  相似文献   

加拿大地质勘探航磁梯度仪计划     

Hood  PJ 阎永立 《物探化探译丛》1991,(2):18-23

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金伯利岩和某些低二氧化硅高碱性岩浆的成因     

Wyll.  PJ 许德焕 《国外矿床地质》1991,(4):45-59

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