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Sedimentary rocks of the section in the Red River fold zone of northern Viet Nam are considered. It is shown that secondary mineral parageneses formed in two stages. The first stage (35–17 Ma ago) corresponded to the period of structure extension and sediment subsidence to a depth of about 6 km. This period and subsequent 10 Ma were marked by the formation of a usual dia- and catagenetic zoning of metasedimentary rocks. The second stage (5–7 Ma ago) corresponded to processes of compression that were responsible for the deformation of rocks into gentle folds and 1.5 to 2.2 times contraction of the section thickness in different places. The sequential–mineralogical zoning was disturbed at this stage. Smectites and mixed-layer minerals were replaced by chlorites and hydromicas. Organic material also responded to compression simultaneously with inorganic components. The bituminous component was released from humic matter and rocks became enriched in hydrocarbons.  相似文献   
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Morphological features of the columnar-stratiform stromatolites, which resemble the cone-in-cone structure, from Neogene lacustrine sediments of northern Vietnam are analyzed. Their structural-textural peculiarities and interrelations with the host terrigenous sediments of a stromatolitic buildup are discussed. It is shown that stages of the growth of columns are recorded in the succession of vertically oriented carbonate plates, which form stromatolites, and in the serrate surface protrusions of the plates at their contacts with host sediments. It is established that replacement of the columnar stromatolites by the stratiform varieties in the section can be related to variations in the intensity of terrigenous material influx to the sedimentation basin. Stratiform stromatolites were formed during relatively slow accumulation of sedimentary material. Appearance of the columnar varieties is attributed to intensification of sedimentation.  相似文献   
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Siderites forming beds and lenses in the Neogene lacustrine—swampy sediments of the Rinh Chua Formation (northern Vietnam) are considered in detail. Results of the mineralogical and chemical study of siderites and host terrigenous–clayey siltstones are reported. New analytical data characterize the composition and structure of microbiomorphic (bacterial) bodies in the siderites and terrigenous sediments. Microstructures (porosity) and compositional peculiarities (up to 18% P2O5) of individual horizons of the sediments testify to their lacustrine-swampy genesis. It is established that the siderites in association with the layer silicates were formed during the microbiochemogenic decomposition of terrigenous components, including quartz.  相似文献   
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