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The first World Atlas of the artificial night sky brightness 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
P. Cinzano F. Falchi C.D. Elvidge 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2001,328(3):689-707
We present the first World Atlas of the zenith artificial night sky brightness at sea level. Based on radiance-calibrated high-resolution DMSP satellite data and on accurate modelling of light propagation in the atmosphere, it provides a nearly global picture of how mankind is proceeding to envelop itself in a luminous fog. Comparing the Atlas with the United States Department of Energy (DOE) population density data base, we determined the fraction of population who are living under a sky of given brightness. About two-thirds of the World population and 99 per cent of the population in the United States (excluding Alaska and Hawaii) and European Union live in areas where the night sky is above the threshold set for polluted status. Assuming average eye functionality, about one-fifth of the World population, more than two-thirds of the United States population and more than one half of the European Union population have already lost naked eye visibility of the Milky Way. Finally, about one-tenth of the World population, more than 40 per cent of the United States population and one sixth of the European Union population no longer view the heavens with the eye adapted to night vision, because of the sky brightness. 相似文献
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Serenella Cabiddu Pierantonio Addis Francesco Palmas Antonio Pusceddu 《Marine Ecology》2023,44(1):e12738
The alien Asian date mussel Arcuatula senhousia inhabits several coastal environments worldwide. This species can form dense mats where individuals attach through byssus threads, thus altering the structure, functioning and biodiversity of the native communities. We investigated the feeding preference of different predators on this alien species in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon. To do this, a mesocosm experiment was conducted using two crab species (the Mediterranean green crab Carcinus aestuarii) and the Say mud crab Dyspanopeus sayi, and one gastropod, the banded dye-murex Hexaplex trunculus as predators of A. senhousia with or without byssus mats. Our data suggest that C. aestuarii is a more effective predator against A. senhousia than D. sayi, and that H. trunculus is almost ineffective. A possible implication of this result is the potential use of the native crab C. aestuarii for limit the formation of the byssus mats, thus mitigating their potential negative effects on the native communities. 相似文献
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Christopher D. Elvidge Jeffrey Safran Benjamin Tuttle Paul Sutton Pierantonio Cinzano Donald Pettit John Arvesen Christopher Small 《GeoJournal》2007,69(1-2):45-53
Nightsat is a concept for a satellite system capable of global observation of the location, form and density of lighted infrastructure
and development within human settlements. Nightsat’s repeat cycle should be sufficient to produce an annual cloud-free composite
of surface lighting to enable detection of growth rates. Airborne and satellite imagery have been used to define the range
of spatial, spectral, and detection limit options for a future Nightsat mission. Our conclusion is that Nightsat should collect
data from a near-synchronous orbit in the early evening with 50–100 m spatial resolution and have detection limits of 2.5E−8 W cm−2 sr−1 μm−1 or better. Multispectral low-light imaging data would be better than panchromatic data by providing valuable information
on the type or character of lighting, a potentially stronger predictor of variables such as ambient population density and
economic activity. 相似文献
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The artificial night sky brightness mapped from DMSP satellite Operational Linescan System measurements 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
P. Cinzano F. Falchi C. D. Elvidge K. E. Baugh 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,318(3):641-657
We present a method to map the artificial sky brightness across large territories in astronomical photometric bands with a resolution of approximately 1 km. This is of use in quantifying the situation regarding night sky pollution, recognizing potential astronomical sites and allowing future monitoring of trends. The artificial sky brightness present in the chosen direction at a given position on the surface of the Earth is obtained by the integration of the contributions produced by every surface area in the surroundings . Each contribution is computed via detailed models for the propagation in the atmosphere of the upward light flux emitted by the area. The light flux is measured with top-of-atmosphere radiometric observations made by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System.
We have applied the described method to Europe, obtaining maps of artificial sky brightness in the V and B bands. 相似文献
We have applied the described method to Europe, obtaining maps of artificial sky brightness in the V and B bands. 相似文献
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