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Mineralogy and Petrology - The new mineral ziminaite, ideally Fe3+VO4, was found in fumarole sublimates at the Bezymyannyi volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Ziminaite occurs as lamellar, tabular or...  相似文献   
2.
A new mineral barioferrite—a natural analogue of synthetic barium ferrite Ba Fe 12 3+ O19—has been identified in the central part of a metamorphosed barite nodule in the rock of the Haturim Formation (Mottled Zone) on the southern slope of Mount Ye’elim in Israel. The mineral is associated with barite, calcite, magnetite, and maghemite and occurs as tiny platy crystals up to 3 × 15 × 15 μm and their irregular aggregates. Barioferrite is black with streaks of brown, and its luster is submetallic. Its Calculated density is 5.31 g/cm3. The mineral is brittle; cleavage is absent. IR absorption bands (cm?1) are observed at 635 (shoulder), 582, 544, 433, and 405 (shoulder). Barioferrite is characterized by ferrimagnetic behavior. Under a microscope in reflected light, barioferrite is grayish white with brownish red internal reflections, the pleochroism is weak (from gray-white on R o to gray-white with a brown tint on R e), and the bireflectance is weak with distinct anisotropy. The reflectance values of R o/R e, % (λ, nm) are 24.51/22.80 (470), 24.17/22.25 (546), 23.65/21.68 (589), and 22.67/20.85 (650). The chemical composition (electron microprobe, wt %; the ranges are given in parentheses) is BaO 13.13 (12.5–13.8), Fe2O3 86.47 (85.5–87.5), and 99.60 in total. The empirical formula is Ba0.95Fe 12.03 3+ O19. Barioferrite is hexagonal with space group P63/mmc, a = 5.875 (3) Å, c = 23.137 (19) Å, V = 691.6 (5) Å3, and Z = 2. The strongest lines of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern [d, Å, (I, 5) (hkl)] are 2.938(46) (110), 2.770(100) (107), 2.624 (84) (114, 200), 2.420(44) (203), 2.225(40) (205), and 1.627(56) (304, 2.0.11). The holotype specimen of barioferrite is deposited at the Mineralogical Museum of St. Petersburg State University; its catalogue number is 1/19436.  相似文献   
3.
Batisivite has been found as an accessory mineral in the Cr-V-bearing quartz-diopside metamorphic rocks of the Slyudyanka Complex in the southern Baikal region, Russia. A new mineral was named after the major cations in its ideal formula (Ba, Ti, Si, V). Associated minerals are quartz, Cr-V-bearing diopside and tremolite; calcite; schreyerite; berdesinskiite; ankangite; V-bearing titanite; minerals of the chromite-coulsonite, eskolaite-karelianite, dravite-vanadiumdravite, and chernykhite-roscoelite series; uraninite; Cr-bearing goldmanite; albite; barite; zircon; and unnamed U-Ti-V-Cr phases. Batisivite occurs as anhedral grains up to 0.15–0.20 mm in size, without visible cleavage and parting. The new mineral is brittle, with conchoidal fracture. Observed by the naked eye, the mineral is black and opaque, with a black streak and resinous luster. Batisivite is white in reflected light. The microhardness (VHN) is 1220–1470 kg/mm2 (load is 30 g), the mean value is 1330 kg/mm2. The Mohs hardness is near 7. The calculated density is 4.62 g/cm3. The new mineral is weakly anisotropic and bireflected. The measured values of reflectance are as follows (λ, nm—R max ′ /R min ′ ): 440—17.5/17.0; 460—17.3/16.7; 480—17.1/16.5; 500—17.2/16.6; 520—17.3/16.7; 540—17.4/16.8; 560—17.5/16.8; 580—17.6/16.9; 600—17.7/17.1; 620—17.7/17.1; 640—17.8/17.1; 660—17.9/17.2; 680—18.0/17.3; 700—18.1/17.4. Batisivite is triclinic, space group P \(\overline 1\); the unit-cell dimensions are: a = 7.521(1) Å, b = 7.643(1) Å, c = 9.572(1) Å, α = 110.20°(1), β = 103.34°(1), γ = 98.28°(1), V = 487.14(7) Å3, Z = 1. The strongest reflections in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %)(hkl)] are: 3.09(8)(12\(\overline 2\)); 2.84, 2.85(10)(021, 120); 2.64(8)(21\(\overline 3\)); 2.12(8)(31\(\overline 3\)); 1.785(8)(32\(\overline 4\)), 1.581(10)(24\(\overline 2\)); 1.432, 1.433(10)(322, 124). The chemical composition (electron microprobe, average of 237 point analyses, wt %) is: 0.26 Nb2O5, 6.16 SiO2, 31.76 TiO2, 1.81 Al2O3, 8.20 VO2, 26.27 V2O3, 12.29 Cr2O3, 1.48 Fe2O3, 0.08 MgO, 11.42 BaO; the total is 99.73. The VO2/V2O3 ratio has been calculated. The simplified empirical formula is (V 4.8 3+ Cr2.2V 0.7 4+ Fe0.3)8.0(Ti5.4V 0.6 4+ )6.0[Ba(Si1.4Al0.5O0.9)]O28. An alternative to the title formula could be a variety (with the diorthogroup Si2O7) V8Ti6[Ba(Si2O7)]O22. Batisivite probably pertains to the V 8 3+ Ti 6 4+ [Ba(Si2O)]O28-Cr 8 3+ Ti 6 4+ [Ba(Si2O)]O28 solid solution series. The type material of batisivite has been deposited in the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.  相似文献   
4.
Ferrovalleriite, ideally 2(Fe,Cu)S · 1.5Fe(OH)2, a layered hydroxide-sulfide of the valleriite group and an analog of valleriite with Fe instead of Mg in the hydroxide block, has been approved by the IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification as a valid mineral species. It was found in the Oktyabr’sky Mine, Noril’sk, Krasnoyarsk krai, Siberia, Russia. Ferrovalleriite occurs in cavities of massive sulfide ore mainly consisting of cubanite and mooihoekite. In different cases, it is associated with magnetite, Fe-rich chlorite-like phyllosilicate, ferrotochilinite, hibbingite, or rhodochrosite. Ferrovalleriite forms crystals flattened on [001] (from scaly to tabular; up to 5 mm across and up to 0.3 mm thick), typically split and curved. Occasionally, they are combined into aggregates up to 1.5 × 2 cm. Ferrovalleriite is dark bronze-colored, with a metallic luster and black streak. The Mohs’ hardness is ca. 1; VHN is 35 kg/mm2. Cleavage is perfect parallel to {001}, mica-like. Individuals are flexible and inelastic. D(calc) = 3.72 g/cm3. In reflected light, ferrovalleriite is pleochroic from yellowish to gray; bireflectance is moderate. Anisotropy is strong, with bluish gray to yellowish beige rotation colors. Reflectance values [R 1–R 2 %, (λ, nm)] are: 15.6–16.6 (470), 14.8–20.5 (546), 14.7–22.3 (589), 14.5–24.1 (650). The IR spectrum shows the presence of (OH) groups bonded with Fe cations and the absence of H2O molecules. The chemical composition of the holotype (wt %; electron microprobe, H content is calculated) is as follows: 0.10 Al, 0.03 Mn, 45.31 Fe, 0.07 Ni, 18.29 Cu, 20.37 S, 15.62 O, 0.98 H, total is 100.77. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 2 S atoms is: Al0.01Fe2.55Cu0.91S2(OH)3.07 = (Fe1.09Cu0.91)Σ2S2 · (Fe 1.34 2+ Fe 0.12 3+ Al0.01)Σ1.47(OH)3.07. The structure of ferrovalleriite is incommensurate (misfit); two sublattices are present: (1) sulfide sublattice, space group $R\bar 3m$ , R3m or R32; the unit-cell dimensions are: a = 3.792(2), c = 34.06(3) Å, V = 424(1) Å3 and (2) hydroxide sublattice, space group $P\bar 3m1$ , P3m1 or P321; the unit-cell dimensions: a = 3.202(3), c = 11.35(2)Å, V = 100.8(3) Å3. Together with this main polytype modification with three-layer (R-cell, Z = 3) sulfide block, the holotype ferrovalleriite contains the modification with one-layer (P-cell, Z = 1) sulfide block (sulfide sublattice with $P\bar 3m1$ , P3m1 or P321, unit cell dimensions: a = 3.789(4), c = 11.35(1) Å, V = 141(5) Å3). The strongest reflections in the X-ray powder pattern (d, Å-I) are: 5.69–100; 3.268–58; 3.163–36; 1.894–34; 1.871–45.  相似文献   
5.
A new mineral, ferrotochilinite, ideally 6FeS · 5Fe(OH)2, was found at the Oktyabr’sky Mine, Oktyabr’skoe Cu-Ni deposit, Noril’sk, Krasnoyarsk krai, Siberia, Russia. It is associated with ferrovalleriite, magnetite and Fe-rich, chlorite-like phyllosilicate in the cavities of pentlandite-mooihoekite-cubanite ore with subordinate magnetite and chalcopyrite. Ferrotochilinite occurs as flattened on [001], prismatic to elongated lamellar crystals up to 0.1 × 0.5 × 3.2 mm, typically split and curved. Aggregates (up to 6.5 mm in size) are fanlike, rosette-like, or chaotic. Ferrotochilinite is dark bronze. The streak is black. The luster is moderately metallic. The Mohs’ hardness is ca. 1; VHN is 13 kg/mm2. Cleavage is {001} perfect, micalike. Individuals are flexible, inelastic. D(calc) = 3.467 g/cm3. In reflected light, ferrotochilinite is gray, with the hue changing from pale beige to bluish; bireflectance is distinct. Anisotropy is distinct, with gray bluish to yellowish beige rotation colors. No internal reflections. Reflectance values [R min-R max, % (λ, nm)] are: 11.6–11.4 (470), 11.2–12.4 (546), 11.1–13.6 (589), 11.0–15.5 (650). The IR spectrum shows the presence of (OH) groups bonded with Fe cations and the absence of H2O molecules. Chemical composition (wt %; electron probe; H content is calculated) is as follows: 0.02 Mg, 61.92 Fe, 0.03 Ni, 0.09 Cu, 19.45 S, 16.3 O, 1.03 H calc; the total is 98.84. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 6 S atoms is: Mg0.01Fe10.96Ni0.005Cu0.015S6(OH)10.07 = (Fe5.98Cu0.0015Ni0.005)Σ6S6(OH)9.80(Fe 4.89 2+ Mg0.01)Σ4.90(OH)9.80Fe 0.09 3+ (OH)0.27. Ferrotochilinite is monoclinic, space group is C2/m, Cm or C2, the unit-cell dimensions are: a = 5.463(5), b = 15.865(17), c = 10.825(12) Å, β = 93.7(1)°, V = 936(3) Å3, Z = 2. The strongest reflections in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (d, Å-I[hkl]) are: 10.83-13[001], 5.392-100[002], 3.281-7[023], 2.777-7[150], 2.696-12[004, $20\bar 1$ ], 2.524-12[ $22\bar 1$ , $20\bar 2$ ], 2.152-8[134, 153], 1.837-11[135, $17\bar 3$ ]. Ferrotochilinite is a structural analog of tochilinite, with Fe2+ instead of Mg in the hydroxide part. The type specimen is deposited in Fersman Mineralogical Museum of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.  相似文献   
6.
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7.
Oxyvanite has been identified as an accessory mineral in Cr-V-bearing quartz-diopside meta- morphic rocks of the Slyudyanka Complex in the southern Baikal region, Russia. The new mineral was named after constituents of its ideal formula (oxygen and vanadium). Quartz, Cr-V-bearing tremolite and micas, calcite, clinopyroxenes of the diopside-kosmochlor-natalyite series, Cr-bearing goldmanite, eskolaite-karelianite dravite-vanadiumdravite, V-bearing titanite, ilmenite, and rutile, berdesinskiite, schreyerite, plagioclase, scapolite, barite, zircon, and unnamed U-Ti-V-Cr phases are associated minerals. Oxyvanite occurs as anhedral grains up to 0.1–0.15 mm in size, without visible cleavage and parting. The new mineral is brittle, with conchoidal fracture. Observed by the naked eye, the mineral is black, with black streak and resinous luster. The microhardness (VHN) is 1064–1266 kg/mm2 (load 30 g), and the mean value is 1180 kg/mm2. The Mohs hardness is about 7.0–7.5. The calculated density is 4.66(2) g/cm3. The color of oxyvanite is pale cream in reflected light, without internal reflections. The measured reflectance in air is as follows (λ, nm-R, %): 440-17.8; 460-18; 480-18.2; 520-18.6; 520-18.6; 540-18.8; 560-18.9; 580-19; 600-19.1; 620-19.2; 640-19.3; 660-19.4; 680-19.5; 700-19.7. Oxyvanite is monoclinic, space group C2/c; the unit-cell dimensions are a = 10.03(2), b = 5.050(1), c = 7.000(1) Å, β = 111.14(1)°, V = 330.76(5)Å3, Z = 4. The strongest reflections in the X-ray powder pattern [d, Å, (I in 5-number scale)(hkl)] are 3.28 (5) (20\(\bar 2\)); 2.88 (5) (11\(\bar 2\)); 2.65, (5) (310); 2.44 (5) (112); 1.717 (5) (42\(\bar 2\)); 1.633 (5) (31\(\bar 4\)); 1.446 (4) (33\(\bar 2\)); 1.379 (5) (422). The chemical composition (electron microprobe, average of six point analyses, wt %): 14.04 TiO2, 73.13 V2O3 (53.97 V2O3calc, 21.25 VO2calc), 10.76 Cr2O3, 0.04 Fe2O3, 0.01 Al2O3, 0.02 MgO, total is 100.03. The empirical formula is (V 1.70 3+ Cr0.30)2.0(V 0.59 4+ Ti0.41)1.0O5. Oxyvanite is the end member of the oxyvanite-berdesinskiite series with homovalent isomorphic substitution of V4+ for Ti. The type material has been deposited at the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.  相似文献   
8.
In the northeastern Ladoga region, the Riphean agate-bearing volcanic rocks of the Priozersk Formation are composed of basaltic lavas and lava breccias. Agates occur in the upper lava flow and in overlying conglomerate of the Salmi Formation. By their patterns, the agate amygdules correspond to concentrically zoned varieties, while agate veinlets have a vague pattern. Microstructures of agates are diverse, We backspace we including quite peculiar ones. Agates with enveloping zoning (the main structural type) were formed in closed cavities, whereas agate veinlets usually occurred in open connecting fissures and were replaced by calcite at the late stage of mineral formation. The unusual absence of quartzine suggests a low SiO2 concentration in the agate-forming solutions and/or a low pH value.  相似文献   
9.
Bortnikovite, a new mineral species that is an intermetallic compound of Pd, Cu, and Zn with the simplified formula Pd4Cu3Zn has been detected at the unique Konder placer deposit in the Ayan-Maya district, Khabarovsk krai. The primary source of this placer is a concentrically zoned alkaline ultramafic massif. The X-ray diffraction pattern is indexed on the assumption of a tetragonal unit cell: a = 6.00 ± 0.02 Å and c = 8.50 ± 0.03 Å, V = 306 ± 0.01 Å3, Z = 3, probable space group P4/mmm. The calculated density is 11.16 g/cm3; the mean microhardness VHN is 368 kg/mm2. In reflected light, the new mineral is white with a slight grayish beige tint; bireflectance, anisotropy, and internal reflections are not observed. The reflectance spectrum belongs to the concave group of the anomalous type. The measured values of reflectance are as follows: 56.9 (470 nm), 61.7 (546 nm), 63.4 (589 nm), and 65.4% (650 nm). The new mineral is intergrown with isoferroplatinum, titanite, perovskite, V-bearing magnetite, bornite, and chlorite. The origin of bortnikovite is related to the effect of alkaline fluid on ultramafic rocks. The new mineral is named in honor of Professor Nikolai Stefanovich Bortnikov, a prominent mineralogist and researcher of ore deposits and a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Bortnikovite is the first platinum group mineral that contains Zn as a major mineralforming element.  相似文献   
10.
Cuprokalininite as an accessory mineral has been found in Cr-V-bearing quartz-diopside metamorphic rock of the Sludyanka Complex, South Baikal region, Russia. This mineral is named as Cu analogue of kalininite (ZnCr2S4), is associated with quartz, Cr-V-bearing tremolite and mica, calcite, diopside-kosmochlor, goldmanite-uvarovite, dravite-chromdravite, Cr-V spinellide, karelianite-eskolaite, V-bearing titanite, pyrite, and plagioclase. Cuprokalininite forms euhedral microcrystals up to 0.05–0.20 mm in size, of octahedral and cuboctahedral habit with faces o {111} and a {100}, and polysynthetic and simple twinning along the {111}. Cleavage and parting were not observed. The mineral is black with a dark bronze tint, black streak, and metallic luster. The microhardness (VHN) is 356–458 (loadings are 20 and 30 g), 396 kgf/mm2, on average. The Mohs hardness is 4.5–5.0, d calc = 4.16(2). In reflected light, the mineral is pale-cream-colored, without anisotropy; reflectance values (λ, nm-R, %): 400-34.3, 420-34.1, 440-33.9, 460-33.7, 480-33.5, 500-33.2, 520-33.0, 540-32.8, 560-32.3, 580-32.2, 600-31.9, 620-31.6, 640-31.2, 660-30.9, 680-30.6, 700-30.4. Cubic, space group Fd [`3]\bar 3 m, Z = 8; unit cell parameter a = 9.814(2) ?, V = 945.2(4) ?3. The strongest lines of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern [d, ? (I) (hkl)]: 3.44 (6)(220), 2.94 (10)(311), 2.44 (6)(400), 1.884 (9)(511, 333), 1.731 (10)(440), 1.133 (6)(751, 555), 1.098 (6)(840), 1.030 (6)(931), 1.002 (10)(844). Chemical composition (mean of 202 microprobe analyses of 11 grains, wt %): Cu 21.03, Fe 0.47, Zn 0.17, Cr 29.01, V 5.85, As 0.21, Sb 0.08, S 43.25; the total is 100.07. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of seven ions is (Cu0.98Fe0.02Zn0.01)1.01(Cr1.65V0.34As0.01)2.00S3.99. The type material has been deposited at the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.  相似文献   
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