Meteorological disaster frequency at prefecture-level city scale and induced losses in mainland China during 2011–2019     

Xu  Ximeng  Tang  Qiuhong 《Natural Hazards》2021,109(1):827-844

Natural Hazards - Meteorological disasters (MDs), including drought, flood, hail, low temperature and frost (LTF), are causing severe damage to human life and economic development in China. Mapping...  相似文献   

Comparative study for environmental performances of traditional manufacturing and directed energy deposition processes     

Zhichao Liu  Qiuhong Jiang  Weilong Cong  Tao Li  Hong-Chao Zhang 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(11):2273-2282

Additive manufacturing is considered more sustainable than traditional manufacturing due to its efficient energy and materials usage. However, previous literature indicates that this suggestion is applicable only for the polymer materials, and the environmental issues of additive manufacturing with metallic materials are still not clear. With the method of life cycle assessment, this paper analyzes and compares the energy consumptions and environmental impacts of direct energy deposition and traditional machining processes for a typical metal part. Further, the article attempts to identify the significant issues in the two manufacturing options that contribute most to the environmental impacts. Six environmental impacts were assessed in this study: global warming potential (GWP); acidification potential (AP); eutrophication potential; ozone depletion potential (ODP); photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP); and abiotic depletion potential (ADP). The results show that the gear laser fabrication process consumes more energy and releases more negative emissions compared with traditional gear manufacturing processes. The results of GWP, AP, ODP, ADP and POCP of the traditional gear manufacturing are only 30.33, 43.42, 17, 65.05 and 54.68% of the gear laser fabrication.  相似文献   

International Modeling Efforts Focusing on Climate Impact Assessments     

Dr.  TANG Qiuhong 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2012,(1):79-79

How climate change impacts on the factors that make the planet habitable, such as water and food availability, differ between a global warming of two degrees compared to three degrees? The modelers struggle to provide better understanding of climate change impacts by launching a new comprehensive comparison of model simulations. The impact models and simulations will be provided by more than two dozen research groups from Germany, Austria,  相似文献   

顺序扫描ICP—AES法测定海洋沉积物中九种主要成分   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张爱滨  金红 《海洋湖沼通报》1998,(3):24-28

用ICP—AES法测定海洋沉积物中铝、铁、钙、镁、钠、钾、钦、锰、磷等九种主要成分,方法简便,省时省力,测量精密度小于4％,可以满足海洋地球化学的要求。  相似文献   

辽宁北部秀水盆地秀D1井孢粉组合及其地层意义   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

丁秋红  陈树旺  李晓海  李文博  姚玉来 《地质通报》2017,36(8):1305-1318

孢粉化石采自辽宁省北部秀水盆地的秀D1井,分析、鉴定和系统研究结果表明,来自秀D1井井深62.1~1089.7m的孢粉化石自下而上划分为3个孢粉组合,下部孢粉组合(井深703.85~1089.7m)以Osmundacidites-Klukisporites-Podocarpidites为代表,地质时代为晚侏罗世堤塘期(Tithonian),中部孢粉组合(井深381.5~699.3m)以Densoisporites-Cicatricosisporites-Piceaepollenites为代表,地质时代为早白垩世贝里阿斯期(Berriassian),上部孢粉组合(井深62.1~339m)以Cicatricosisporites-Impardecispora-Pinuspollenites为代表,地质时代为早白垩世凡兰吟期—欧特里夫期(Valanginian-Hauterivian)。秀D1井钻遇地层所含孢粉组合特征在区域上可以与冀北地区大北沟组,辽宁西部地区下白垩统义县组、九佛堂组,松辽盆地东南缘下白垩统火石岭组、沙河子组所产的孢粉组合对比。含孢粉组合地层时代的确定解决了井柱地层的划分,以及与区域地层的对比关系,同时为区域地层古生物研究提供了翔实的基础资料。  相似文献   

面向“未来地球”计划的陆地表层格局研究   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12  

吴绍洪  赵艳  汤秋鸿  郑景云  高江波  梁涛  葛全胜 《地理科学进展》2015,34(1):10-17

未来地球计划是目前国际上关于全球环境变化前沿研究的综合科学计划,集国际科学理事会(ICSU)所领导的四大科学计划为一体,旨在将自然科学与社会科学结合在一起,并加强决策支持和研究交流,寻求地球系统可持续途径,全球环境变化研究与人类学、社会学合作构建综合集成平台,推进科学研究为社会经济可持续发展服务。本文剖析陆地表层格局特点,分析陆地表层格局的国内外关注焦点及其研究理念的转变与应用领域的拓展。分析表明:陆地表层是未来地球计划关注的重点之一,陆地表层要素与过程相互作用并在人类活动驱动下形成的格局,可作为未来地球计划进一步研究的区域基础框架。未来,陆地表层格局研究应力求方法论的突破,为自然地理学综合研究的发展提供支撑。  相似文献   

Development of gullies and sediment production in the black soil region of northeastern China   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

Yongqiu Wu  Qiuhong Zheng  Yongguang Zhang  Baoyuan Liu  Hong Cheng  Yanzai Wang 《Geomorphology》2008,101(4):683-691

Gully erosion is an important environmental hazard in the black soil region of northeastern China. It is a primary sediment source in the region which needs appropriate soil conservation practices. Gully incision in rolling hills typical of this region was monitored using real-time kinematic GPS to assess the rates of gully development and the resultant sediment production. From 2002 to 2005, gully heads in the study area retreated between 15.4 and 33.5 m, giving an average retreat rate of 8.4 m yr^− 1. Field measurements showed that total sediment production due to gully erosion during the three years ranged between 257 and 1854 m³ yr^− 1, which is equivalent to 326 to 2355 t yr^− 1, with gully-head retreat accounting for 0 to 21.7% (4.4% in average). The sediment delivery ratio was especially high during the summer rainy season (56% in average). Sediment production by ephemeral gullies and permanent gullies was 1.5 times greater than that from surface erosion. Gully heads retreated faster in the spring freeze–thaw period than in the summer. The stage of gully development could be identified based on short-term changes in the gully erosion rate.  相似文献   

台风风神海上石油平台预报服务探讨     

罗森波  罗秋红  舒锋敏  林永堂 《气象》2011,37(6):742-748

总结了在对台风风神数值预报失效,预报路径偏东的情况下,预报人员抓住天气形势的细微变化对路径及时修正,并紧密结合用户需求,以“全程跟进,及时沟通,急用户之所急”的高度责任心和服务态度,使海上石油平台1500人安全撤离,避免了人员伤亡和重大经济损失的服务过程。经研究发现：(1)“风神”偏西侧的强对流发展、地面负变压中心、中层正涡度中心、高层正散度中心的存在,以及云图北侧带状黑体区的形成均有利于“风神”西折;(2)在500hPa图上,“风神”前期西南部有一低压环流中心,后期东北侧高压坝形成,造成“风神”两次北翘。  相似文献   

E601型与小型蒸发器对比观测分析   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

黄秋红 《气象》2000,26(10)

通过对长春国家基准气候站 1 986～ 1 997年夏季 ( 5～ 9月 ) E60 1 型与小型蒸发器1 2年蒸发量及 1 997年冬季 ( 1 0～ 4月 )的冰面蒸发对比观测资料 ,进行相关分析和对比分析 ,得到两种蒸发量的折算系数 ,求出了累年 E60 1 型蒸发量的气候估计值。  相似文献   

浅圆沉积谷地对瑞雷波的散射--高频解   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：12  

梁建文  张秋红  李方杰 《地震学报》2006,28(2):176-182

利用波函数展开法给出了浅圆沉积谷地对瑞雷波散射的一个高频解析解,并分析了入射频率、沉积谷地宽度和深度等因素对波散射的影响. 数值结果表明,由于沉积谷地的影响, 在入射波的近端,地表位移分布变得相对复杂,但位移幅值并不大;而在入射波远端,地表位移分布相对简单,但位移幅值却相对较大,多数情况下高于沉积地表位移幅值.   相似文献