Style and timing of tectonic deformation across the Bou Arada-El Fahs troughs system,Northeast Tunisia: integration in the structural evolution of Atlas fold and thrust belt     

Mohamed Sabri Arfaoui  Radhouane Khouni  Soufiene Dridi  Fouad Zargouni 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(5):95

The Bou Arada-El Fahs troughs system is a particularly E-W trending collapsed structure with the manifestation of normal-to-strike-slip faults. A combined multi-source and multi-scalar structural and geophysical investigation provides important insights on the geometry and the kinematics evolution of trough systems in the Atlas of Tunisia. New data, as well as a reappraisal of available data show that the studied troughs system is established during three main successive events: the Oligocene-Miocene, the Tortonian, and the Plio-Quaternary events. The goal of this paper is to present the structural evolution of the study area, on a pre-structured substratum. The structural evolution progressed from an extensional event, manifested by the formation of grabens, passing by an episode of reactivation of faults related troughs in strike-slip motion during the Atlas compression accompanied by an en-échelon folding in foot wall and hanging wall. These results acquired and presented in the following order: We will initially present the geological context by integrating and correlating the lithostratigraphic data. We continue by examining the geometry and kinematics of structure-related troughs via the detailed geological mapping, the interpretation of available 2D seismic data, and the interpretation of processed fault slip data. This integrated geological and geophysical study allows a better understanding of the BETS, and makes it possible to propose a new geometrical and kinetic model of the establishment of trough structure in the Tunisian Atlas.  相似文献   

Paleogeographical restoration and ramp tectonic evidence in Tunisian Tellian domain: Ain El Bey-Bou Awen area     

Kais Aridhi  Sabri Aridhi  Mohamed Abdoullah Ould Bagga  Saâdi Abdeljaouad  Fouad Zargouni  Eric Mercier 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(5):1591-1599

The imbrication’s area in northern Tunisia is the most external segment of Alpine range, where several associated folds types with thrust ramps are recognized within imbricate units beneath Numidian front slope. Their presence help to understand thrusting mechanisms installation through studied area. In fact, this zone was considered as a result of Paleogene gravitary slop (Kujawski (Ann Miner Géol Tunis (24):281, 1969); Caire (Ann Min Géol Tunis 26:87–110, 1973); Rouvier 1977), which is proved to be affected by major deep decollement, given rise to various structures, some are propagation folds, specific of foreland front, limited to this area, and those in more external position: Tunisian Atlas (Creusot et al. (C R Acad Sci Paris 314(Sér II):961–965, 1992); Ouali and Mercier (PII: S0191-8141(97):00048-5, 1997); Ouali 1984; Ahmadi et al. (J Struct Geol 28:721–728, 2006)). Various categories of fold ramps could be identified: frontal folds ramp NE–SW and others as lateral or oblique ramp with NW–SE trend (Aridhi et al. (C R Geosci 343:360–369, 2011)). The relation between various structures has been used as recognition tools of thrusting sequences and to propose a new deformation chronology. Delimited outcropping of these structures between two both parallel faults strikes with regional displacement, leads to interpret these faults as cogenetic tear faults of propagation thrusts; this fault separates two domains with different deformation styles from each other side.  相似文献   

Measurement and Uncertainty of the Long-Term Total Solar Irradiance Trend     

Steven Dewitte  Dominique Crommelynck  Sabri Mekaoui  Alexandre Joukoff 《Solar physics》2004,224(1-2):209-216

A possible long-term trend of the total solar irradiance could be a natural cause for climate variations on Earth. Measurement of the total solar irradiance with space radiometers started in 1978. We present a new total solar irradiance composite, with an uncertainty of ± 0.35 W m⁻². From the minimum in 1995 to the maximum in 2002 the total solar irradiance increased by 1.6 W m⁻². In between the minima of 1987 and 1995 the total solar irradiance increased by 0.15 W m⁻².  相似文献   

Polyphasic evolution of the Jeffara basin in southern Tunisia,influence of halokinesis on the passive margin structuration in the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic     

Radhouane Khouni  Mohamed Sabri Arfaoui  Soufiane Dridi  Fouad Zargouni 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(4):68

During the Mesozoic and Cenozoic rifting, the Pelagian Sea recorded the consequences of the African and European plate’s rapprochement. The interpretation of surface and subsurface data that is the 2D seismic reflection and petroleum well data show new ideas on the geodynamic evolution and halokinesis of the Jeffara basin during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic period. Seismic lines interpretations of the subsurface mainly reveal normal syn-sedimentary NW-SE faulting and where the Jeffara fault seems to be the major play. This syn-sedimentary faulting induced horst and graben structures materialized by major sedimentary sequences thicknesses as well as depths variations on the seismic profiles from the Jeffara fault zone overall towards the East of Jeffara basin. After the Hercynian event of the Permian - Carboniferous age, a general extension took place, which gave rise to the Tethyan opening. This extension has favored the individualization of the Jeffara basin in the South East of Tunisia, characterized by a structuring in Horst and Graben with a Permian carbonate subsidence. During the Triassic - Middle Jurassic period, the Jeffara basin is marked by a pronounced subsidence of essentially evaporate sedimentation accompanied by the birth of normal syn-sedimentary NW-SE faults following an NE-SW extension. This subsidence continuing during the Upper Jurassic period, the accentuation of which is towards the NE of the study zone at the Jerba and El Bibane sub-basin with a dominance of bioclastic limestone and dolomites sedimentation in the same extensive NE-SW direction, during this period, the Jeffara basin was characterized by a beginning of salt activity indicated by the appearance of salt nuclei at the base of the preexisting NW-SE normal faults. During the Lower Cretaceous, we are witnessing an individualization of salt complexes in the SE of the study area at Rass Ajil sub-basin, where this reactive diapirism has produced high zones and erosions in the crest above the salt bodies. During the mid Cretaceous period, the Zebbag formation, hatched by the Gattar carbonate bar, recorded a subsidence inversion phenomenon between the three sub-basins Jerba, El Bibane and Rass Ajil sub-basin, and showed the change of movement of the African plate relative to the European plate related to the opening of the North Atlantic and the beginning of the drift towards the North of Africa. This phenomenon is concretized towards the Upper Cretaceous, where we witness a strong subsidence towards the southeastern part of the study area at Rass Ajil sub-basin with sandstone, marl and clay sedimentation under a regional extensive regime and the individualization of high zones at Jerba sub-basin. The salt movements present an active aspect by piercing their cover and inducing rim synclines in the surroundings. The Cenozoic period is characterized by a strong subsidence of sandstone, clays and carbonates along the Jeffara basin, the salt activity shows a passive aspect at the beginning of this period which slows down and eventually stopped at the late Miocene period, thus indicating the probable exhaustion of the source of the salt material.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal variation of Palaemon adspersus, Palaemon elegans, and Crangon crangon (Decapoda: Caridea) in the southern Black Sea     

Sabri Bilgin  Ozcan Ozen  A. Suat Ates 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2008,79(4):671-678

In order to characterize the seasonal, bathymetric, and spatial distribution of the species, Palaemon adspersus, Palaemon elegans, and Crangon crangon, shrimps were sampled with a beam trawl in four stations at depths between 1 and 30 m from February 2002 to January 2004 on the Sinop Peninsula coasts of the southern Black Sea. One-way analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) results demonstrated that the caridean composition was significantly different (p < 0.001) between seasons and between sampling areas. No significant relationship of the caridean composition was evident between depth zones ranging from 1 to 30 m. These three carideans occurred together in 28.5% of the sampling occasions. Different seasonal migration pattern was evident for all the three species. Palaemon adspersus migrated inshore during relatively higher water temperatures, whereas C. crangon density decreased in the shallow waters during the same period, and P. elegans population was mostly observed at depth zones of 5–10 m and was only observed in the 30 m depth zone in winter. The abiotic factors that characterize the coexistence of these three carideans were primarily determined by the habitat types and bottom structures.  相似文献   

Etude de la sensibilité d’estimation de la période de retour d’une crue connue seulement par la cote atteinte     

Hassen Aridhi  Zoubeida Bargaoui  Assia Chebchoub 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(5):978-992

Résumé

Cet article propose une méthodologie d’étude de sensibilité pour cerner l’incertitude d’estimation de la période de retour d’une crue maximale annuelle exceptionnelle connue seulement par la cote des plus hautes eaux. Deux autres contraintes ont présidé au choix méthodologique. Tout d’abord, nous ne disposions pas des débits maximaux de crue à la station (hors ceux de la crue annuelle) et nous disposions d’une courte série des débits maximaux annuels. L’étude a ainsi été focalisée sur les débits moyens journaliers dont la série est complète avec une seule lacune qui est celle de la crue qui nous intéresse. La taille de la série des débits moyens journaliers la plus complète étant assez modérée, un modèle statistique à dépassement de seuil POT (Peaks Over Threshold) a été adopté. A partir de la laisse de crue, le débit maximal de la crue non jaugée a été estimé par cinq approches différentes (méthodes d’extrapolation par régression statistique à partir des paramètres hydrauliques de la station, deux modèles de Manning-Strickler en lit homogène, et deux modèles de Manning-Strickler en lit composé) en adoptant des valeurs de rugosité du lit couvrant l’incertitude reflétée d’après les jaugeages existants. Nous avons proposé d’étudier la distribution statistique du rapport α du débit maximum instantané de la crue annuelle à son débit moyen journalier. Par ce biais, l’observation de la laisse de crue a été mise à profit pour compléter la série des débits moyens journaliers moyennant une hypothèse sur la valeur de α. L’article traite l’incertitude sur α pour diverses hypothèses sur la rugosité du lit. Une distribution lognormale a été ajustée pour α et des simulations de Monte Carlo ont été entreprises. Une valeur du débit moyen journalier a alors été attachée à chaque simulation de Monte Carlo de α. Cinquante (50) simulations ont été effectuées dans chaque cas. Le modèle à dépassement de seuil a été appliqué à chaque série de débits moyens journaliers ainsi complétée par simulation. Les quantiles des débits moyens journaliers pour différentes périodes de retour ont été estimés pour chaque série complétée. La dispersion de ces derniers a été représentée par une boite à moustaches et a été quantifiée par l’intervalle interquartile. L’application a porté sur une station hydrométrique contrôlant un bassin de 9000 km² en région semi-aride nord africaine. Les séries d’observation ont été étudiées pour la période 1984–2006 pour laquelle 114 jaugeages étaient disponibles. La médiane du quantile quinquagennal du débit moyen journalier varie de 1410 à 1840 m³/s en fonction du seuil de dépassement retenu et de la valeur du coefficient de rugosité du lit. Les différentes méthodes, en considérant les différents seuils de troncature, conduisent à un intervalle interquartile de la période de retour du débit moyen journalier de cette crue variant entre 30 et 70 ans.