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W. O. Afolabi B. O. Opeolu O. S. Fatoki B. J. Ximba O. S. Olatunji 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(8):1669-1678
Vitis vinifera (grape) leaf litter, an abundant agricultural waste in South Africa was chemically modified with H3PO4 and carbonized for use as biosorbent. Characterization and the potential application of the adsorbent in simultaneous removal of 4-nitrophenol and 2-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions were investigated. The adsorbent was characterized using FTIR, SEM and EDX elemental microanalysis. The EDX and FTIR analysis revealed the presence of surface oxygen moieties capable of binding to adsorbate molecules while the SEM micrographs showed the development of pores and cavities in the adsorbent. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted at a varying contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH and initial adsorbate concentration to investigate optimal conditions. The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 103.09 and 103.10 mg/g for 4-nitrophenol and 2-nitrophenol, respectively. The adsorption process was best fitted into Freundlich isotherm while the adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model. Liquid film and intra-particle diffusion contributed to the adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters of ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° were evaluated. The adsorption was exothermic, feasible and spontaneous. The results suggest a possible application of grape leaf litter as a precursor for activated carbon and for cheaper wastewater treatment technologies. 相似文献
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Gideon O. Okunlol Olusanya A. Olatunji Akinjide M. Afolabi Kolade K. Gbadegesin 《寒旱区科学》2015,7(2):137-145
This investigation was carried out to better understand the effects of nitrogen stress on the growth and yield of tomato(Solanum lycopersicon L.). Seeds of S. lycopersicon(Ife No. 1 variety) were collected from the Osun–State Ministry of Agriculture, Oshogbo, Nigeria and planted in analyzed top soil. The plants were grown for a period of five weeks within which they were supplied with water and kept under optimum environmental conditions that enhanced normal growth. After this period, the plants were subjected to different levels of nitrogen stress which include: plants supplied with distilled water only(n), plants supplied with complete nutrient solution(N), plants supplied with nutrient solution in which nitrogen concentration sources was increased by a factor of 5(N5), and plants supplied with nutrient solution in which nitrogen concentration sources was increased by a factor of 10(N10). Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) results shows that there is no significant effect of stress on the growth and morphological parameters of tomato plants. However, there was a significant effect of nitrogen stress on the yield parameters. Nitrogen stress also caused an increase in the number and size of fruits produced in plants subjected with high nitrogen concentration. 相似文献
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Olajide-Kayode Jerry O. Mustapha Shakirat O. Olatunji Akinade S. Okunlola Olugbenga A. 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2020,13(13):1-11
Tight conglomerate reservoirs have complex pore structure and strong heterogeneity which could bring great difficulties in the identification of oil and wa 相似文献
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The research site is the whole landmass of the Federal College of Education, Zaria, seated on basement complex of north-central Nigeria. Direct current resistivity geophysical method was employed to characterise parameters such as the basement depth and topography, aquifer depth and thickness, weathered basement distribution as well as mapping of orientations of fractures and faults present in the premises using radial sounding technique. The conventional vertical electrical sounding (VES) Schlumberger array was carried out at 40 stations, and eight of which were radial stations. Radial sounding was used to establish resistivity anisotropy which gives clue for the choice of consistent VES profile direction used throughout the fieldwork. Results from the resistivity interpretation suggest three layers in most parts of the premises with some minor occurrence of two and four layers. The first layer (topsoil) has its thickness ranging between 3.5 and 14.0 m; second layer (weathered basement) thickness ranges between 9.0 and 36.5 m, while the third layer (fresh basement) is deepest (40.1 m) towards the eastern corner of the area. The aquifer depth ranges from 1.5 to 4.0 m with a thickness range of 5.0 to 14.0 m. The thickest aquifer occurs around the centre to the west in the area. Results from radial sounding show presence of resistivity anisotropy, an insight to fracturing and faulting; this is more pronounced around the west-central part of the premises. 相似文献
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J. Ayo Olatunji 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(1-2):15-18
This short note presents the results of triclinicity determination of purified K‐feldspars from three spatially related granitic bodies (Kalunga Granodiorite, Watsonville granite, and Elizabeth Creek granite, ECG) in west Herberton, Queensland. The systematic decrease of triclinicity values (as 5 index) with increasing weight percent K2O and differentiation indices, decreasing colour indices, and K/Rb ratios is considered to provide an additional line of evidence for a possible co‐genetic relationship of the intrusives. The second phase of the Elizabeth Creek Granite (ECG II) is a late stage intrusive and its emplacement may explain the close spatial association of ECG members and the economic mineralization in the district. 相似文献
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This study investigated the effects of sawdust as a soil amendment on certain growth parameters of Solanum esculentum Linn. grown in soil polluted with various concentrations of waste engine oil, and changes in the physicochemical properties of the soil. The purpose was to assess the soil remediation potentials of sawdust in waste engine oil-polluted soil. The experiment was divided into three regimes: control(air-dried soil without waste engine oil and with clean sawdust), polluted(waste engine oil-contaminated soil), and amended(oil-polluted soil amended with sawdust). Enough 3-kg soil samples were sieved and air-dried to prepare five treatment levels of waste engine oil-contaminated soil(30 m L, 1%; 60 m L, 2%; 90 m L, 3%; 120 m L, 4%; and 150 m L, 5%), as well as five additional treatment levels(the same amounts of oil contamination) in soil amended with sawdust. The treatment levels were replicated five times in a completely randomized design. A nursery bed was planted with a hybrid tomato variety(Roma V F) obtained from National Horticultural Research Institute(NIHORT) in Ibadan, Nigeria. During the maturation period, the growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, and number of branches per plant were determined and then the harvested plants were oven dried at 70 °C for 48 hours to determine their dry weights. The effects of the sawdust amendment on the soil were assessed by determining the soil p H(glass electrode p H meter), total nitrogen(Kjeldahl method), total phosphorus(Bray-1 solution), and potassium(on the leacheate by a flame photometer). Chromium, lead, and cadmium contents were determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Analysis of variance and a Duncan multiple-range test were employed to test significant differences in the soil properties of the three regimes. The growth performance of Solanum esculentum Linn. in the amended regime(soil with sawdust) at the 150-m L waste engine oil-contamination level was significantly higher than in the polluted regime(soil without sawdust). After plant harvest, the p H of the soil was shown to be clearly affected by the addition of waste engine oil. The control soil(air-dried only, no sawdust, no oil) had the highest p H value, 6.60, which was significantly different from the p H values at other levels of waste engine oil contamination. However, when amended with sawdust, the control soil had a significantly lower p H value than the unamended control soil. This study further demonstrates that sawdust has the potential of amending waste engine oil-contaminated soil for increasing tomato growth performance because it is capable of increasing the soil nutrient content and reducing the soil total hydrocarbon content. 相似文献
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Fifty sediment samples were collected from Osun (urban) and Erinle (suburban) rivers in addition to ten samples of the underlying rock types (schist and gneiss) and analyzed for elemental constituents while speciation of metals was determined by sequential analysis. Data were geochemically evaluated and ArcGIS was used to generate geochemical maps. Metal concentrations (ppm) in sub-urban and urban areas were Cd (0.2–0.2, 0.2–1.1), Cu (37.0–272.0, 49.0–970.0), Ni (6.0–27.0, 3.0–43.0), Pb (16.0–67.0, 15.0–2650.0), Zn (32.0–170.0, 50.0–987.0), Co (8.0–60.0, 2.0–86.0), Cr (26.0–153.0, 9.0–128.0), V (30.0–142.0, 9.0–135.0), and Mn (442.0–5100.0, 107.0–3930.0), respectively. In the rocks, Cu, Ni, Pb, Co, Cr, V, and Zn, concentrations (ppm) were below detection limit (BDL)-0.05, BDL-38.00; 6.23–12.00, BDL-20.00; 3.78–6.23, BDL-5.00; BDL-0.20, BDL-4.00; 5.00–9.00, BDL-66.00; 15.99–32.00, BDL-130.00; and 18.00–26.00, BDL-48.00, respectively, with Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn of elevated concentrations in sediments compared with that of the rocks, being indication of additional anthropogenic sourcing. Calculated contamination indices revealed contamination for sediment from the urban areas compared to those from the sub-urban. High percentage of Pb (2.94–81.92%), Cu (31.69–45.95%), Zn (49.2–65.5%), Cd (31.69–45.95%), and Mn (12.13–37.50%) are hosted by the bio-available phases (carbonate, organic, and sulfide). The geochemical distribution of metals in the sediments of the Osun and Erinle rivers is governed by both geogenic (Ni-Cr-Co-V) and anthropogenic (Pb-Cd-Zn) activities. Elevated concentration and occurrences of the selected metals in the bio-available phases pose potential health risk to people in the urban area. 相似文献
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