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1.
In the context of the present study the structural pattern in the Western Thessaly Basin (Greece) has been examined, based on structural data collected from the entire study area that were further correlated to the hydrographic network. The structural pattern of the area was revealed from tectonic analysis. Additionally, the topography, stratigraphy and sedimentology of the study area were taken into account. GIS techniques were used to map the spatial distribution of the geological and tectonic features on the topographic relief of the area. The oldest structures are contractional in nature, deformed by normal faulting related to the extensional episodes initiated in Serravallian times. It is inferred that the orientation of the stress field in the area has changed several times: the N-S stress field which was dominant during Late Serravallian times changed to NW-SE (Messinian-Zanclian) up to E-W in Zanclian and subsequently to roughly NNW-SSE (in late Piacencian). The NE-SW stress that was dominant in Pleistocene became N-S in later times. In addition, some changes in orientation are also indicated for the transitional periods of the pre-mentioned extensional episodes, possibly related to local events, or as a block-related deformation. The development of the 7th order streams is probably related to the N-S extensional faulting initiated in Pliocene times, while the dominant direction of the 6th, 5th and 4th order streams is possibly connected with the presence of the NNE-SSW and NW-SE extensional faults. Finally, the lower order streams are probably related to the most recent E-W striking normal faults.  相似文献   
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3.
This study aims to evaluate the application of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) on predicting of sites susceptible to slope failures caused by the soil erosion. It was carried out at the northern part of Euboea Island presenting one of the highest frequencies of landslide occurrence in Greece. All required datasets for the application of the RUSLE model were engaged to compile a potential soil erosion map of the study area. In addition, historical slope failure data were used to evaluate the produced map. Moreover, the frequency ratio statistical analysis was applied for the verification of the soil erosion map. The results showed a satisfactory agreement between the soil erosion intensity zones and distribution of landslides events. Therefore, the RUSLE model can be applied for the localization of sites susceptible to landslides that were prepared or triggered by the soil erosion. Finally, taking under consideration the contribution of erosion mechanisms over the landslides manifestation, a combination of measures were proposed for preventing and supporting these catastrophic phenomena.  相似文献   
4.
In this study, the potential land use planning for rural communities and agricultural development is examined with a multi-criteria analysis and Geographical Information System. For this purpose, geological, geomorphological and socio-economic data and natural hazard maps were chosen as major factors affecting both land uses. The Analytical Hierarchical Process method was applied to evaluate these factors and the uncertainty of their weight alterations estimated. Three scenarios were developed for each land use to examine the effect of uncertainty to the suitability assessment results, leading to the corresponding potential suitability maps. The areas of very high suitability are distributed mainly at the plain part of the study area. The proposed methodology comprises a case application concerning physical factors in conjunction with natural hazard maps in the land use planning procedure.  相似文献   
5.
During the planning of an urban environment, usually only economic and social parameters are taken into account. As a result, urban areas are susceptible to natural disasters, which cause extensive damages in them, because the cities or towns have been repeatedly located in vulnerable areas. In this study, for the protection of human environment, is proposed a unique approach of urban planning and sustainable development. The study area is Trikala Prefecture (Western Thessaly, Central Greece). An integrated evaluation of the suitable areas for urban growth and light industry development is proposed by using mainly natural hazards as well as geological–geomorphological–geographical characteristics of the study area. The used parameters were correlated by using the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) method and incorporated into a geographic information system (GIS) in order to produce the corresponding suitability maps. The study area is classified in five categories of very high, high, moderate, low, and very low suitability for urban growth and industrial development. Moreover, the spatio-temporal changes of the urban limits are studied since 1885 for the three major towns (Trikala, Kalambaka and Pyli) of the study area. These changes sketch out the urban growth trend. The comparison between the urban growth trend with the potential suitability for urban growth and industrial development of these towns lead to discrepancies. These can be attributed mainly to the fact that in the majority of cases, only geographical, social, and economical factors were used for urban development, whereas in our study, natural hazards, geomorphological, and geographical parameters were quantified and taken into account.  相似文献   
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7.
The Pinios River is the third longest river of Greece. It drains the entire drainage basin of Thessaly (eastern part of Central Greece), part of which is the largest plain of the country. In this research the hydrological, geomorphological and geological characteristics of the riverine area of Pinios were studied. Classification and grouping of these characteristics were then carried out, which led to the segmentation of the Pinios River into seven sections, each one with its own set of thematic data. These sets assign separate functions and evolutions of the river system during the Quaternary. Specifically, the basin of the present Pinios River, before its evolution into a river basin, comprised three separate and independent systems. The present Pinios River emerged as a river system from the merging of the lacustrine paleoenvironments along with the major tributaries that drained large parts of the present hydrological basin and as soon as the karstic openings of the central hill valley and the Tempi valley took place during the Quaternary. The followed methodology for the segmentation of the river can be used for the study of heterogeneous river systems.  相似文献   
8.
A single, pumice-rich sandy horizon located in Holocene deposits of western Peloponnesus, Ionian Sea, Greece has been newly detected in a littoral belt 250 m wide and more than 3km long. Pumice fragments are hosted in siliceous-cherty sand that overlies coarser clastic sediments, and occur in varying sizes. The geomorphology of the area and the development of two dune systems played an important role in the entrapment of the pumice fragments. These were transported there by the wind and marine currents, rather than by a tsunami event. The chemistry of the pumice fragments is constistent throughout the deposit. Major and trace element analysis of the pumice suggests an origin in the south Aegean Volcanic Arc, rather than in southern Italy and surroundings. The age of this deposition is thought to be younger than 4,000 years before present.  相似文献   
9.
Urban geomorphology examines the conditions that lead to flooding problems in urban regions. Glyfada and Voula are located on the southwestern coast of Attica. Several times in the past catastrophic flooding events have taken place in these areas. This paper concerns the geologic and geomorphologic features, human intervention and its impact, along with their interaction. The locations with the highest vulnerability to flooding were registered. GIS processing served to present the results of this investigation. The relief of the region, the geologic and geomorphologic conditions, the stream flow features, the drying up of wetlands and lagoons, the elimination of vegetation cover, the urbanization of streams and the deficient draining networks, are the main causes of flooding generation in the study area. Some major suggestions dealing effectively with the problem are given.  相似文献   
10.
In this study, 92 groundwater samples were collected from the Attica region (Greece). Moreover, geographical information system database, geochemistry of groundwater samples and statistics were applied. These were used for studying the chemical parameters (NO3 −, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl−, and Na+) and conductivity spatial distribution and for assessing their environmental impact. The ranges of chemical parameters of the water samples (in mg L−1) are: NO3 − 1–306, Mg2+ 2–293, Ca2+ 3–453, Cl− 5–1,988, and Na+ 4–475. The elevated concentrations of sodium, Mg2+, Cl− are attributed to natural contamination (seawater intrusion). On the other hand, NO3 − elevated concentrations are attributed to anthropogenic contamination (nitrate fertilizers). The results of the GIS analysis showed that elevated values of Na+, Mg2+, Cl− are related to shrubby and sparsely vegetated areas, while elevated values of NO3 − are connected with urban and agricultural areas.  相似文献   
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