全文获取类型
收费全文 | 212篇 |
免费 | 6篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1篇 |
大气科学 | 13篇 |
地球物理 | 60篇 |
地质学 | 60篇 |
海洋学 | 52篇 |
天文学 | 27篇 |
自然地理 | 8篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 2篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 7篇 |
2013年 | 14篇 |
2012年 | 4篇 |
2011年 | 3篇 |
2010年 | 12篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 11篇 |
2006年 | 13篇 |
2005年 | 9篇 |
2004年 | 6篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 4篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有221条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Jose A.P. Rodriguez Sho Sasaki James M. Dohm Hideaki Miyamoto Goro Komatsu Justin C. Ferris 《Icarus》2005,175(1):36-57
The undulating, warped, and densely fractured surfaces of highland regions east of Valles Marineris (located north of the eastern Aureum Chaos, east of the Hydraotes Chaos, and south of the Hydaspis Chaos) resulted from extensional surface warping related to ground subsidence, caused when pressurized water confined in subterranean caverns was released to the surface. Water emanations formed crater lakes and resulted in channeling episodes involved in the excavation of Ares, Tiu, and Simud Valles of the eastern part of the circum-Chryse outflow channel system. Progressive surface subsidence and associated reduction of the subsurface cavernous volume, and/or episodes of magmatic-driven activity, led to increases of the hydrostatic pressure, resulting in reactivation of both catastrophic and non-catastrophic outflow activity. Ancient cratered highland and basin materials that underwent large-scale subsidence grade into densely fractured terrains. Collapse of rock materials in these regions resulted in the formation of chaotic terrains, which occur in and near the headwaters of the eastern circum-Chryse outflow channels. The deepest chaotic terrain in the Hydaspis Chaos region resulted from the collapse of pre-existing outflow channel floors. The release of volatiles and related collapse may have included water emanations not necessarily linked to catastrophic outflow. Basal warming related to dike intrusions, thermokarst activity involving wet sediments and/or dissected ice-enriched country rock, permafrost exposed to the atmosphere by extensional tectonism and channel incision, and/or the injection of water into porous floor material, may have enhanced outflow channel floor instability and subsequent collapse. In addition to the possible genetic linkage to outflow channel development dating back to at least the Late Noachian, clear disruption of impact craters with pristine ejecta blankets and rims, as well as preservation of fine tectonic fabrics, suggest that plateau subsidence and chaos formation may have continued well into the Amazonian Period. The geologic and paleohydrologic histories presented here have important implications, as new mechanisms for outflow channel formation and other fluvial activity are described, and new reactivation mechanisms are proposed for the origin of chaotic terrain as contributors to flooding. Detailed geomorphic analysis indicates that subterranean caverns may have been exposed during chaos formation, and thus chaotic terrains mark prime locations for future geologic, hydrologic, and possible astrobiologic exploration. 相似文献
2.
Susumu Sakata John M. Hayes Michel Rohmer Alan B. Hooper Myriam Seemann 《Organic Geochemistry》2008,39(12):1725
For the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea, grown autotrophically using semicontinuous culturing, average biomass was depleted in 13C relative to CO2 dissolved in the medium by ca. 20‰ and the total-lipid extract was depleted in 13C relative to biomass by 3.7‰. The n-alkyl lipids (weighted average of fatty acids) and isoprenoid lipids (weighted average of hopanoids) were both depleted in 13C relative to biomass by about 9‰. The large depletion in the isoprenoid lipids seems to indicate that isotopic fractionations associated with the biosynthesis of methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) affected at least two carbon positions in each isoprene unit. Among the fatty acids, trans-9-hexadecenoic acid was most depleted (13.0‰ relative to biomass), followed by cis-9- hexadecenoic acid (9.6‰) and hexadecanoic acid (6.9‰). Isotopic relationships between the three acids suggest that significant isotope effects were associated with the desaturation and cis to trans isomerization of fatty acids. Given these observations, hopanoids produced by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria growing in natural waters are likely to be depleted in 13C by 26–30‰ relative to dissolved CO2. Since CO2 at aquatic oxyclines is often depleted in 13C, the range of δ values expected for hopanoids is ca. −34‰ to −55‰. The δ values of geohopanoids observed in numerous studies and attributed to unspecified chemoautotrophs fall within this range. 相似文献
3.
Joji Ishizaka Yasuhisa Kitaura Yasuharu Touke Hiroaki Sasaki Akihiko Tanaka Hiroshi Murakami Toshikazu Suzuki Kazumi Matsuoka Hideaki Nakata 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(1):37-45
High resolution SeaWiFS data was used to detect red tide events that occurred in the Ariake Sound, Japan, a small embayment
known as one of the most productive areas in Japan. SeaWiFS chlorophyll data clearly showed that a large red tide event, which
damaged seaweed (Nori) cultures, started early in December 2000 in Isahaya Bay, expanded to the whole sound and persisted
to the end of February 2001. The monthly average of SeaWiFS data from May 1998 to December 2001 indicated that the chlorophyll
peaks appeared twice a year, in early summer and in fall, after the peaks of rain and river discharge. The SeaWiFS data showed
that the red tide event during 2000–2001 winter was part of the fall bloom; however, it started later and continued significantly
longer than other years. Satellite ocean color data is useful to detect the red tide; however the algorithms require improvement
to accurately estimate chlorophyll in highly turbid water and in red tide areas. 相似文献
4.
In order to determine why the sedimentation to supply ratio of nutrients in Tokyo Bay is markedly small, the nitrogen budget was investigated for 1979, when a systematic and continuous observation of flow and salinity was carried out. The data were analyzed by use of a simple advective-diffusive box model and dissolved oxygen balance in the lower layer was also examined. The calculated values of two-layer flow, settling, primary production, mineralization, denitrification, and dissolved oxygen consumption were comparable to those observed.The factors making the sedimentation to supply ratio makedly small were summarized as: 1) a strong and stable two-layer flow generated by a large freshwater supply, 2) further intensification of this two-layer flow by the northern winter monsoon, 3) coincidence of the discharge region with the supply region of nutrients caused by the transverse inclination of the interface, probably due to the earth's rotation. 4) effective discharge of nutrients from the bay due to a strong tidal flow and a possible cyclonic tidal residual circulation in the inner bay mouth, 5) incomplete consumption of nutrient salts by phytoplankton in the upper layer even in the most productive season, and 6) possible denitrification in the anaerobic bottom water in summer and in the bottom sediment itself throughout the year in the inner bay. 相似文献
5.
Vertical distribution of anthropogenic carbon content of the water (exDIC) in the Oyashio area just outside of the Kuroshio/Oyashio Interfrontal Zone (K/O Zone) was estimated by the simple 1-D advection-diffusion model calibrated by the distribution of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). The average concentration of exDIC for = 26.60–27.00 is multiplied by the volume transport of Oyashio water into the North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) to estimate the annual transport of exDIC into NPIW through K/O Zone. The estimated transport of exDIC was 0.018–0.020 GtC/y, which corresponds to 15% of the whole total exDIC accumulation in the temperate North Pacific. A simple assessment using the NPIW 1-box model indicates that the current study explains at least 70% of the total annual transport of exDIC into NPIW, and that small exDIC sources for NPIW still exists in addition to K/O Zone. 相似文献
6.
Numerical solutions of irrotational, progressive surface gravity waves in water of a constant depth are obtained by means of an iterative method. Our results suggest that waves with the surface slope angle greater than/6 may exist. The calculated phase velocity of deep water waves near the wave steepness 0.14 is significantly smaller than the value given by the Stokes' fourth approximation.In order to check our method, we apply it to the problem proposed byDavies (1951), which is hypothetical but similar to the present problem, and for which the exact solution is known. In this case our results show good agreement with the exact solution. 相似文献
7.
Sho Sasaki 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1994,212(1-2):33-41
When planetary accretion proceeds in the gas disk-solar nebula, a protoplanet attracts surrounding gas to form a distended H2-He atmosphere. The blanketing effect of the atmosphere, hampering the escape of accretional energy, enhances the surface temperature of planets. Furthermore, evaporation of ice or reduction of surface silicate and metallic oxide can supply a huge amount of water vapor into the atmosphere, which would raise the temperature and promote evaporation. Evaporated materials can be efficiently conveyed outward by vigorous convection, and condensed dust particles should keep the atmosphere opaque during accretion. The size of this opaque atmosphere dust blob is defined by the gravitational radius, which exceeds 3 × 108 m when the planetary mass is the Earth's mass (5.97 × 1024 kg). This is larger than the radii of present Jovian planets and so-called brown dwarfs. The expected lifetime of dust blobs is 106–107 yr, which is longer than that of the later gas accreting and cooling stages of Jovian planets. The number of dust blobs could exceed that of Jovian planets. If the gas disk is rather transparent, the possibility of observing such objects with a distended atmosphere may be higher than that of detecting Jovian planets. Contamination of the gas disk by the dust from primary atmospheres is negligible.Paper presented at the Conference on Planetary Systems: Formation, Evolution, and Detection held 7–10 December, 1992 at CalTech, Pasadena, California, U.S.A. 相似文献
8.
Nobuki Kawashima Susumu Sasaki Osamu Kaneko Akira Yamori Ryo Okamura Shoichi Okamura 《Planetary and Space Science》1978,26(4):367-373
A controlled active experiment was performed by a plasma gun on-board a rocket to study the plasma stream across the magnetic field in space. A mother and daughter system was employed. An 8 kV 0.8 μF (25 J) capacitor bank on the daughter rocket was discharged every 12 s and about 1016 ion and electron pairs were ejected. A plasma signal was detected on the electron temperature probe. The propagation speed of the plasma stream is estimated to be 106 cm/s, considerably lower than that obtained in the prelaunch test. The amplitude of the plasma signal decays as the inverse square of the mutual distance between the mother and daughter rockets and this decay is much slower than the free streaming. The importance of the geomagnetic field on the plasma propagation in space is discussed. 相似文献
9.
Polar and neutral isopranyl glycerol ether lipids as biomarkers of archaea in near-surface sediments from the Nankai Trough 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The molecular and carbon isotopic compositions of polar isopranyl glycerol ether lipids, which are direct indicators of viable archaea, and neutral isopranyl glycerol ether lipids, which are derived from polar lipids via hydrolysis, in near-surface sediments from a methane seep in the Nankai Trough (off central Japan) were investigated. Procedures for extracting, separating and derivatizing polar and neutral ether lipids for detection using gas chromatography were first examined with one sediment sample and a cultivated methanogen. For all sediment samples, archaeol and hydroxyarchaeol were detected in both the polar and neutral ether lipid fractions. Acyclic and cyclic biphytanes were also detected in both types of lipid fractions after treatment with HI/LiAlH4 for ether cleavage and alkylation. The δ13C values of archaeol, sn-2-hydroxyarchaeol, and sn-3-hydroxyarchaeol in the sample from 0.82 m below the seafloor were lower than −100‰ relative to PDB, indicating that diverse living methanotrophic archaea are present in the seep sediments. Biphytanes released from polar ether lipids in the same sample were less depleted in δ13C (−71‰ to −36‰). The wide range of δ13C values suggests that the biphytanes were derived not only from methanotrophic but also from non-methanotrophic archaea, and that the relative contributions of the methanotrophic and non-methanotrophic archaea differed, depending on the biphytane compound. The vertical profiles and δ13C values of the neutral ether lipids were similar to those of the intact polar ether lipids, suggesting that neutral ether lipids derived from fossil archaea in the samples had mainly been lost by the time of sampling. 相似文献
10.