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Vladimiro Achilli Paolo Baldi Giuseppe Casula Mario Errani Sergio Focardi Marco Guerzoni Federico Palmonari Giuseppe Raguní 《Journal of Geodesy》1995,69(2):73-80
A new method for the calibration of a superconducting gravity meter is described, in which a 273 Kg annular mass is placed around the meter and is moved up and down. The geometry of the apparatus is easy to model and the accuracy in the computation of the gravity variation induced by the mass, 6.7µgal, is limited only by the accuracy in the knowledge of value of the gravitational constant. Measurements done in 91 and 92 for the calibration of the instrument GWR-T015 are described. The calibration factor has been determined with a precision of about 0.3%. 相似文献
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Simone Fiaschi Serena Tessitore Roberta Bonì Diego Di Martire Vladimiro Achilli Sven Borgstrom 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2017,54(3):305-328
Land subsidence due to underground resources exploitation is a well-known problem that affects many cities in the world, especially the ones located along the coastal areas where the combined effect of subsidence and sea level rise increases the flooding risk. In this study, 25 years of land subsidence affecting the Municipality of Ravenna (Italy) are monitored using Advanced Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (A-DInSAR) techniques. In particular, the exploitation of the new Sentinel-1A SAR data allowed us to extend the monitoring period till 2016, giving a better understanding of the temporal evolution of the phenomenon in the area. Two statistical approaches are applied to fully exploit the informative potential of the A-DInSAR results in a fast and systematic way. Thanks to the applied analyses, we described the behavior of the subsidence during the monitored period along with the relationship between the occurrence of the displacement and its main driving factors. 相似文献
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Fabrizio Antonioli Luigi Ferranti Kurt Lambeck Steve Kershaw Vladimiro Verrubbi Giuseppe Dai Pra 《Tectonophysics》2006,422(1-4):23-40
A combination of published and new radiometric dates on uplifted Holocene fossil beaches from northeastern Sicily and southern Calabria (southern Italy) is compared with the altitude of the inner margin of the Last Interglacial (LIg) (Late Pleistocene, 124 ka) and older marine terraces in order to gain a regional-scale outline of uplift rates and their temporal changes in a region which is one of the fastest uplifting sectors of the Central Mediterranean Sea. Late Holocene radiocarbon dates from Ioppolo (southern Calabria) and Ganzirri (northeast Sicily), two newly discovered sites are here presented for the first time. The Holocene uplift rates are highest at St. Alessio and Taormina in eastern Sicily (2.4 mm/y) and at Scilla in southwestern Calabria (2.1 mm/y), two sites located across the Messina Straits and which separate the island of Sicily from mainland Italy. Uplift rates decrease towards the south and north from this centre of uplift. Late Holocene uplift rates show an apparent increase of between 64 and 124% when compared with the longer-term uplift rates calculated from the LIg highstand terraces. Furthermore, we discovered that the locations of fastest Late Pleistocene and Late Holocene uplift rates spatially coincide. To what extent the Holocene increase in uplift rates results from incomplete elastic strain release along the major extensional faults which frame the seismotectonic of the area, or indicate a true change in regional tectonic processes, is not resolved. Nonetheless, the heterogeneity of uplift, with a well-defined centre that crosses the Messina Straits, and its persistence at different time-scales indicates a tight connection between wider regional processes and fault-related displacement in controlling crustal instability in this area. 相似文献
4.
S. Martino A. Minutolo A. Paciello A. Rovelli G. Scarascia Mugnozza V. Verrubbi 《Natural Hazards》2006,39(3):419-449
Results of geological, geomechanical and seismometric investigations aiming at the analysis of the seismic response in a carbonate
ridge of the Nera River valley (Central Apennines – Italy) are discussed. Geological and geomechanical surveys were aimed
at defining the stratigraphic and structural setting of the outcropping formations and the jointing conditions of the rock
mass. Velocimetric records of both ambient noise and small-magnitude earthquakes were analysed in order to identify amplification
conditions. The analysis was carried out in the time domain, through directional energy evaluation, and in the frequency domain,
through H/V spectral ratios and spectral ratios with respect to a reference station. A local amplification factor was estimated
from Housner intensity. The study revealed a significant seismic amplification in a fault zone. This effect was observed in
intensely jointed and mylonitic rock masses, located inside moderately jointed rock masses, and is the result of specific
geometries and significant impedance contrasts. A map of fault zones prone to amplification of ground motion was constructed,
taking into account the jointing conditions of the rock masses and the structural setting of the investigated ridge. The study
relied on an integrated methodological approach, which combined the available data under union and intersection criteria. 相似文献
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Two cores from an anoxic basin of the southeastern Mediterranean Ridge were investigated to compare the clay mineralogy of pelagic sediments and of the interbedded sapropels. The sediments of Core BAN 84-02, raised from the basin floor, and those of Core BAN 84-08, from the eastern plateau of the Bannock Basin, provide evidence for different sedimentary environments. The anoxic conditions, which are still present near the bottom, produce an important decrease in smectite crystallinity (Core 02), whereas well-organized smectite persists in the normally oxygenated sediments (Core 08). Detrital clay minerals from various sources were deposited in the basin and no appreciable diagenesis was recognized downcore.
The clay mineralogy of the sapropels shows remarkable differences compared to the pelagic sediments. The changes observed are dependent on aggressive chemical reaction and on the sudden input of detrital crystalline sediments into the stagnant environment. A climatic curve registers the variable degree of clay mineral hydrolysis in continental areas and exhibits good correspondence with an already published oxygen isotope curve for the area. 相似文献
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Calibrating a rainfall erosivity assessment model at regional scale in Mediterranean area 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Sergio Grauso Nazzareno Diodato Vladimiro Verrubbi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2010,60(8):1597-1606
A simplified regression model is here calibrated on the basis of rainfall data records of Sicily (southern Italy), in order
to show the model reliability in assessing the R-factor of the Universal Soil Loss Equation and its revised version (RUSLE) and to provide an estimate of long-term rainfall
erosivity at medium-regional scale. The proposed model is a rearrangement of a former simplified model, formulated for the
Italian environment, grouping three easily available rainfall variables on various time scales, which has been shown to be
more successful than others in reproducing the rainfall erosive power over different locations of Italy. A geostatistical
interpolation procedure is then applied for generating the regional long-term erosivity map with associated standard error.
Areas with severe erosive rainfalls (from 2,000 up to more than 6,000 MJ mm ha−1 h−1) are pointed out which will correspond to areas suffering from severe soil erosion. Solving the problem of calculating the
R-factor value in the RUSLE equation by means of such a simplified model here formulated will allow to predict the related
soil loss. Moreover, given the availability of long time-series of concerned rainfall data, it will be possible to analyse
the variability of rainfall erosivity within the last 50 years, and to investigate the application of RUSLE or similar soil
erosion models with forecasting purposes of soil erosion risk. 相似文献
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Alessandro?Zini Sergio?GrausoEmail author Vladimiro?Verrubbi Luca?Falconi Gabriele?Leoni Claudio?Puglisi 《Landslides》2015,12(5):847-859
Debris flows represent dangerous occurrences in many parts of the world. Several disasters are documented due to this type of fast-moving landslides; therefore, natural-hazard assessment of debris flows is crucial for safety of life and property. To this aim, much current work is being directed toward developing geotechnical-hydraulic models for the evaluation of debris flow susceptibility. A common base for such current models is parameterization of background predisposing and triggering factors such as inherent characteristics of geo-materials, topography, landscape and vegetation cover, rainfall regime, human activities, etc. which influence the occurrence of these processes on slopes. The same factors are also taken into account in soil erosion prediction models. Consequently, it seems worth investigating the effectiveness of the soil erosion index as debris flows susceptibility indicator. To this aim, a logistic regression analysis was carried out between the erosion index assessed by means of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model and the inventory of debris flows that have occurred in an area in Sicily (Southern Italy). Model assumptions were verified and validated by means of a series of statistical tools. Different possible scenarios were also evaluated by considering hypothetical changes in soil erosion rate under different rain erosivity conditions. Notwithstanding the rough approximations in model data collection, the outcomes appear encouraging. 相似文献
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M. Gabriella Carboni Luisa Bergamin Daniela Esu Emanuela Pisegna Cerone Vladimiro Verrubbi 《Quaternary Research》2010,74(2):265-128
Foraminifera and molluscs from the 90 m deep ENEA borehole (Versilian plain, central Italy) were studied for paleoenvironmental purposes. Palaeontological analyses, integrated with U/Th and radiocarbon data, helped to recognize late Quaternary sea-level changes and supplied results on tectonic mobility of the area. The study highlighted four sedimentary phases. The first phase consists of a shore environment attributed to MIS 7.1. A hiatus corresponding to MIS 6 is hypothesized at the top of this interval. Recognition of the paleo-shoreline of MIS 7.1 at − 72.8 m signifies a vertical displacement due to the extensional tectonics of the Apennine orogenesis. The second phase consists of a transgressive succession with evidence of warm temperatures, which was interpreted as part of the transgression leading to the MIS 5.5 highstand. The third phase includes sub-aerial and lacustrine deposits. Radiocarbon dates and palaeoecological reconstruction led us to attribute this interval to MIS 4, MIS 3 and MIS 2. The fourth phase begins with a lagoon environment attributable to Holocene sea-level rise and ends with marsh episodes, signifying the progradation of the alluvial plain. This reconstruction confirms the hypothesis of tectonic stability for the Versilian area during the Holocene. 相似文献
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