Sedimentation in Proval Bay (Lake Baikal) after catastrophic flooding of the coastal plain in 1862     

E. G. Vologina  I. A. Kalugin  Yu. N. Osukhovskaya  M. Sturm  N. V. Ignatova  Ya. B. Radziminovich  A. V. Dar’in  M. I. Kuz’min 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2007,417(2):1315-1319

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Holocene climate history of the Western Baikal region: Carbonate sedimentary record of Kholbo-Nur Lake     

E. V. Sklyarov  E. P. Solotchina  E. G. Vologina  O. P. Izokh  N. V. Kulagina  L. A. Orlova  O. A. Sklyarova  P. A. Solotchin  V. N. Stolpovskaya  N. N. Ukhova 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2010,431(2):490-496

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32Si dating of sediments from Lake Baikal     

U. Morgenstern  R. G. Ditchburn  E. G. Vologina  M. Sturm 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2013,50(3):345-352

We applied the ³²Si dating technique to a sediment core from Lake Baikal to obtain the sediment chronology for the last millennium. The core was recovered about 4 km offshore from the north slope of the South Basin in 1,366 m water depth. The sediment material consisted of continuously accumulated diatom-rich geogenic-terrigenous mud, intercalated with a number of dark olive-grey turbidite layers. The sediment layers containing the turbidites were excluded from ³²Si sampling to obtain the chronology that is representative of the continuous sedimentation. The initial ³²Si activity of 31.3 dpm kg^?1 SiO₂, measured in sediment trap samples, confirms the trend of ³²Si specific activities of biogenic silica found in other Northern Hemisphere lakes. The four sediment core samples from depth 0–48 cm have ³²Si specific activities between 23.5 and 0.5 dpm kg^?1 SiO₂, with corresponding ages between 60 and 860 years and constant sedimentation rate of 0.036 ± 0.004 cm year^?1 over the most recent 800 years. ³²Si allowed us for the first time to date the uppermost turbidites in the South Basin of Lake Baikal, to 1030, 1310 and 1670 ad. Given these dates, the last long-distance turbidity current triggered by slope instabilities had occurred 330 years before 2000 ad, and the intervals between the 1310 and 1670 ad event and between the 1030 and 1310 ad event were 360 and 280 years, respectively. The ³²Si ages allow unprecedented time resolution for reconstruction of the former environmental and climatic conditions during the past millennium.  相似文献   

Reconstruction of the Holocene climate based on a carbonate sedimentary record from shallow saline Lake Verkhnee Beloe (western Transbaikalia)     

E.P. Solotchina  E.V. Sklyarov  P.A. Solotchin  E.G. Vologina  V.N. Stolpovskaya  O.A. Sklyarova  N.N. Ukhova 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2012,53(12):1351-1365

We present results of mineralogical and crystallochemical studies of the Holocene carbonate sediments of a small saline lake localized in the Borgoi dry-steppe region, western Transbaikalia. Mg-calcites with a varying Mg content are predominant in the assemblage of endogenic carbonate minerals from bottom sediments. Mathematical modeling of the XRD spectra of carbonates permitted us to identify excess-Ca dolomites, which are an indicator of a shallow (playa) lake. The studies showed that the lacustrine Mg-calcites do not form a continuous series from low- to high-Mg varieties. We discuss the cause of this phenomenon and also consider the existing viewpoints of the structure of low-temperature Mg-calcites and excess-Ca dolomites and their formation conditions in lacustrine sediments. Juxtaposing the carbonate record with the data of lithological analysis, determined stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C), and distribution of some geochemical indicators of climatic changes, we reconstructed the intricate evolution of Lake Verkhnee Beloe, which was controlled by the regional climate since the postglacial period till the present day.  相似文献   

Holocene sedimentary record of Bol’shoe Alginskoe Lake, Western Transbaikalia: Connection with paleoclimate     

E. P. Solotchina  E. V. Sklyarov  P. A. Solotchin  E. G. Vologina  O. A. Sklyarova  N. N. Ukhova 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2013,449(1):313-318

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Climate change in Lake Baikal: diatom evidence in an area of continuous sedimentation     

M. Bangs  R. W. Battarbee  R. J. Flower  D. Jewson  J. A. Lees  M. Sturm  E. G. Vologina  A. W. Mackay 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2000,89(2):251-259

The presence of inhomogeneous sedimentation is acknowledged as being an important problem in palaeolimnological studies. Sediment records can be disturbed by erosional and redepositional events, which redeposit microfossils within a basin and may then lead to misinterpretations of fossil diatom assemblages. This study uses a combination of sedimentological tools, magnetic susceptibility measurements and high-resolution diatom analysis to show that a sediment core, BAIK80, taken in 345 m water depth from a shoulder region in the North Basin of Lake Baikal, is free of disturbances. Our results confirm that the sediment record is consistent and continuous for the uppermost sediment. Consequently, the fossil diatom data can be used to establish a continuous record of past climate variability over approximately the past 1300 years. Distinct changes occur in downcore abundances of endemic taxa Aulacoseira baicalensis and Cyclotella minuta, and principal components analysis (PCA) indicates a gradual transformation of taxa over the past 1300 years. These changes are likely to be related to climate, although definite links still have to be established. Received: 15 December 1998 / Accepted: 13 September 1999  相似文献   

Chukchi Sea Ice Conditions for the Last Few Centuries: Reconstruction from Sedimentation Records     

A. S. Astakhov  V. A. Akulichev  A. V. Dar’in  I. A. Kalugin  Yanguang Liu  V. V. Babich  A. A. Bosin  E. G. Vologina  V. V. Plotnikov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2018,480(2):767-772

For the first time, the reconstruction of variations in the duration over several hundred years was conducted on the basis of models developed by comparing hydrometeorological observations and detailed scanning of the chemical composition of bottom sediments accumulated during the corresponding period. The gauge models for the reconstruction of air temperature and ice cover of the water area for three sites in the northern part of the Chukchi Sea have been developed. During the reconstruction, an insignificant increase in the duration of the ice-free period during the Little Ice Age was established, which does not coincide with the changes in the temperature regime that took place. It is concluded that the dynamics of the inflow of warm Pacific waters through the Bering Strait had the predominant influence on the ice regime of the Chukchi Sea.  相似文献   

Drastic desalination of small lakes in East Siberia (Russia) in the early twentieth century: inferred from sedimentological, geochemical and palynological composition of small lakes     

A. P. Fedotov  M. A. Phedorin  I. V. Enushchenko  K. E. Vershinin  S. M. Krapivina  E. G. Vologina  S. K. Petrovskii  M. S. Melgunov  O. A. Sklyarova 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(6):1733-1744

Reconstruction of temporal and spatial climate development on a seasonal basis during the last few centuries may help us better understand modern-day interplay between natural and anthropogenic climate variability. The objective of this paper is to reconstruct hydrology and landscape changes of East Siberia during the termination of the Little Ice Age and the subsequent Recent Warming. We analysed sediment samples from the saltwater Sulfatnoe Lake, Bolshoye Alginskoe and freshwater Shuchie Lake using high-resolution X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy at 1-mm scan resolution, Fourier-transform infrared techniques and pollen analyses. The depth–age models of the cores were constructed by ²¹⁰Pb activity using the constant rate of supply model. The lake sediment cover of these lakes began to form from ca. 1870. Three significant periods (1870–1895, 1895–1925 and from 1925 to the present) were defined in hydrology and chemical regime of these lakes for the past 140 years. Lake levels were extremely low and high saturated with salts during the final period of the Little Ice Age. Lake levels began to slowly rise from 1870 to 1895 and vegetation was poor at that period. Intensive desalination of the lakes occurred in 1895–1925, and environment conditions were temperate and favourable for the majority of the taxa of the regional vegetation. Regional precipitation significantly increased and water saturation of the catchments was high from 1925 to the present. The chemical precipitation of carbonate stopped completely in Lake Shichie and reduced considerably in Lake Sulfatnoe and B. Alginskoe. Strong increasing trend of weathering of the lake catchments began in 1970 and still continues.  相似文献   

The 1912 earthquake in South Baikal: traces in bottom sediments and gas release into the water column     

E.G. Vologina  M. Sturm  Ya.B. Radziminovich  S.S. Vorob'eva  A.A. Shchetnikov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2012,53(12):1342-1350

Large earthquakes took place in southern Cisbaikalia in the first half of 1912. They might have caused a mass release of gas (methane?) into the water column of Lake Baikal and the atmosphere near Sharyzhalgai station of the Circum-Baikal Railroad. This phenomenon was observed in August 1912 by the residents as rising water columns several meters high and reported in the regional press.To find traces of this event, core was recovered from bottom sediments at a depth of 1300 m in winter 2010. The depth interval 1–8.7 cm is a homogeneous layer, no more than 100 years old (²¹⁰Pb dating). The sediments here are poor in SiO_2biog but richer in Corg than the underlying sediments. Also, they are marked by a considerable content of terrestrial plant remains, a lower content of planktonic diatoms, and higher contents of benthic and ancient diatoms. These data indicate that the layer under study formed as a result of the 1912 earthquake, with a considerable contribution from the littoral and shallow-water zones of Lake Baikal.  相似文献   

Detailed Holocene climate record from the carbonate section of saline Lake Tsagan-Tyrm (West Baikal area)     

E.V. Sklyarov  E.P. Solotchina  E.G. Vologina  N.V. Ignatova  O.P. Izokh  N.V. Kulagina  O.A. Sklyarova  P.A. Solotchin  V.N. Stolpovskaya  N.N. Ukhova  V.S. Fedorovskii  O.M. Khlystov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2010,51(3):237-258

We present results of a complex study of evaporite sediments from one of the small saline lakes with carbonate sedimentation in the Ol’khon area and substantiate their high significance for paleoclimatic reconstructions. The mineral composition of the bottom sediments was studied by XRD analysis, IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis (SR-XFA), etc. By decomposition of the complex XRD profiles of carbonate minerals into individual peaks by Pearson VII function, we identified carbonate phases in each sample and determined their proportions. A high-resolution carbonate record has been obtained for the first time for the lacustrine sediments. It bears the information about the stratigraphic distribution of Mg-calcites (a continuous series of structurally disordered low- to high-Mg calcites, up to Ca-dolomites), in which the amount and proportions of phases with different Mg contents are controlled by Mg/Ca, salinity, and total alkalinity of the lake water changing depending on the climatic cycles and lake level fluctuations. Comparison of the carbonate record for the Holocene section dated by the radiocarbon (¹⁴C) method with results of lithological, diatom, and palynological analyses, data on stable isotopes (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C), and the distribution of some geochemical indicators of climatic changes permitted the reconstruction of the intricate evolution of the Lake Tsagan-Tyrm basin, which was controlled by the regional climate from the Atlantic period to the present time. The directed change in various characteristics of essentially carbonate sediments evidences that the Ol’khon regional climate has become more arid in recent 6.5 kyr. Moreover, drastic frequent changes of climate and, correspondingly, the Lake Tsagan-Tyrm water level in different periods of its existence have been revealed. The widespread saline and brackish lakes in southern East Siberia, Mongolia, and North China and the highly informative (in terms of paleoclimate and paleolimnology) carbonate sediments might help to recognize the general tendencies of paleoclimate changes and local fluctuations in Central Asia.  相似文献