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The downhole vertical accelerometer array VSAP near Paducah, KY, consists of three-component accelerometers at the surface, the top of the McNairy Formation (−41 m), and the top of the Paleozoic bedrock (—99 m). The array is at the northern end of the Mississippi Embayment, and it was installed to verify the ground-motion modeling for the site, assuming a significant earthquake in the New Madrid Seismic Zone. Accelerograms from 4.2 and 2.0 mb earthquakes were used to check aspects of the modeling pertaining to linear behavior of the soil column, and to review the soil column models derived by drilling and geotechnical methods and through the use of high-resolution P- and SH-wave seismic refraction in reflection techniques. Results of the study indicate that for the linear case the soil column models derived by the two techniques are equivalent, and that the most important boundary in the soil column, with respect to amplification of the ground motions, is the interface between the limestone bedrock and soil. 相似文献
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The Mt. Angel Fault is likely one of the most active faults near the Portland metropolitan area, and was probably associated with the 1993 Scotts Mills earthquake. SH-wave seismic techniques used to image the Mt. Angel Fault suggest that the fault offsets late Pleistocene gravel (22 to 34 ka) at several locations. Within the study area, displacement of the late Pleistocene gravel along the strike of the Mt. Angel Fault increases from no obvious displacement on the northwest to approximately 18 m on the southeast. This trend of increasing offset along the strike of the fault is paralleled by topographic and geomorphic trends. A reconnaissance geologic investigation at an anomalous bend in the Pudding River near the projected trace of the Mt. Angel Fault revealed potential tectonic deformation in sediments younger than the late Pleistocene gravel imaged by SH-wave data. The results of this study have contributed to the paleoseismic record of the Mt. Angel Fault, laid the groundwork for future geologic investigations along the Pudding River, and determined potential sites for future paleoseismic trenching investigations. 相似文献
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AbstractCompression behavior of sediments is crucial to geological engineering applications for ascertaining the deformation characteristics of the particular depositional environments. Unfortunately, obtaining the geotechnical parameters required to assess the compression behavior of sediments can be a costly and time-consuming undertaking. This study developed a general prediction equation that simulates the compression behavior of sediments. This developed equation is an exponential decline model that relates an increase of the shear-wave velocity to an increase of the mean effective stress. Consequently, the decrease of void ratio is presented as a continuous function of the shear-wave velocity. For this research, laboratory-derived sediment samples created to mimic actual sediments were isotopically consolidated during a consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests. The samples were prepared in the laboratory by mixing different percentages of fines and controlling the ratio of clay-to-silt fractions. Shear-wave velocity tests were performed during this consolidation testing using bender elements. The experimental constants needed for the prediction equation were well correlated to the depositional factors specifically characterized by percent fines, silt percent, and liquid limit that define better complexity of depositional processes. 相似文献
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Indirect and direct geotechnical measurements revealed the presence of high lateral earth pressure (Ko) in shallow, unlithified sediment at a site in the northernmost Mississippi embayment region of the central United States. Results from pile-load and pressuremeter tests showed maximum Ko values greater than 10; however, the complex geologic environment of the Midcontinent made defining an origin for the anomalous Ko based solely on these measurements equivocal. Although in situ sediment characteristics indicated that indirect tectonic or nontectonic geologic mechanisms that include transient overburden loads (e.g., fluvial deposition/erosion, glacial advance/retreat) and dynamic shear loads (e.g., earthquakes) were not the dominant cause, they were unable to provide indicators for a direct tectonic generation. Localized stresses induced anthropogenically by the geotechnical field tests were also considered, but ruled out as the primary origin. A high-resolution shear-wave (SH) reflection image of geologic structure in the immediate vicinity of the test site revealed compression-style neotectonism, and suggested that the elevated stress was a tectonic manifestation. Post-Paleozoic reflectors exhibit a Tertiary (?) structural inversion, as evidenced by post-Cretaceous fault displacement and pronounced positive folds in the hanging wall of the interpreted faults. The latest stratigraphic extent of the stress effects (i.e., all measurements were in the Late Cretaceous to Tertiary McNairy Formation), as well as the relationship of stress orientation with the orientation of local structure and regional stress, remain unknown. These are the subjects of ongoing studies. 相似文献
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J. H. McBride A. J. M. Pugin W. J. Nelson T. H. Larson S. L. Sargent J. A. Devera F. B. Denny E. W. Woolery 《Tectonophysics》2004,383(3-4):243-244
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One hundred thirty-four horizontally polarized shear-wave (SH) seismic soundings have been performed in the Jackson Purchase Region of western Kentucky. These data have been used to derive the thicknesses and shear-wave velocities for the various impedance horizons in the upper 30 m of the soil column at each site for the purposes of general land-use management and loss estimation in the event of an earthquake. A generalized seismic susceptibility soil classification scheme adopted by the Borcherdt (1994a,b) was fit to the results. Soils across western Kentucky were found to be either SC-II or SC-III soils, correlating to gravelly soils having soft to firm consistency and stiff clays to loose/dense sands, respectively. 相似文献
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Wang Qian Wang Zhenming Su Yongqi Zhong Xiumei Wang Lanmin Ma Haiping Zhang Guoxing Woolery Edward E. Liu Kun 《Natural Hazards》2021,105(2):1413-1438
Natural Hazards - More than 2330 landslides/mudflows in loess were triggered by the 2013 Minxian earthquake (MS 6.6) in its epicentral area in Minxian County, Gansu, China. A comprehensive... 相似文献
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针对城市活断层浅层地震探测的一些技术问题,在兰州盆地的金城关断层和刘家堡断层沿线开展活断层浅层(50 m以内)地震勘探技术研究.主要采用纵波和横波多次覆盖共CMP点地震反射方法,获得了目标场地地震图像资料,尤其横波地震剖面更加清晰地反映出超浅层构造空间特征.以红艺村测线(HYC)和师范学校西测线(SFXX)为例,分析总结了数据采集、资料处理、剖面解释三方面浅层活断层地震探测的技术要点.结果可以为兰州市及类似复杂构造地区活断层地震调查提供技术参考. 相似文献
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Hunter James A. Crow Heather L. Stephenson William J. Pugin André J.-M. Williams Robert A. Harris James B. Odum Jack K. Woolery Edward W. 《Journal of Seismology》2022,26(4):631-652
Journal of Seismology - Reflection and critically refracted seismic methods use traveltime measurements of body waves propagating between a source and a series of receivers on the ground surface to... 相似文献