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1.
Plant communities were sampled in the lower reaches of the Tarim River, Xinjiang. The results showed that there are 23 species belonging to 21 genera in 11 families, most of which have low occurrence frequency in quadrats. The most common species is Tamarix ramosissima, which occurred in 17 sites accounting for 89.47% of the total 19 sites. Quantitative classification (TWINSPAN) and ordination (CCA) methods were used to study the distribution patterns of 23 plant species in 19 sites in this valley. TWINSPAN results showed that the plant communities in the middle reaches of the Tarim River could be divided into 3 groups and the sampling sites could be divided into 7 types in 3 groups. CCA results were consistent with TWINSPAN results, and showed species distribution patterns correlated with major environmental variables of groundwater level and soil moisture. 相似文献
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古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮的分布特征 总被引:47,自引:1,他引:47
新疆古尔班通古特沙漠是我国最大的固定和半固定沙漠,其间广泛发育着以地衣植物为主的生物结皮,是除种子植物以外的固定沙面的重要生物因子。研究表明,选择适当的时段,应用遥感技术并结合地面调查来研究沙漠生物结皮的空间分布格局是可行的,遥感制图与地面调查的结果基本一致。该沙漠南部是生物结皮最为丰富的区域,各种类型的生物结皮均有充分发育,呈连续分布,但其分布模式向北、向西和向东变得破碎。通过统计生物结皮像元的面积,得到生物结皮覆盖率超过33%的像元面积占研究区总面积的28.7%。生物结皮的分布对地貌部位有较强的选择性,生物结皮的不同发育阶段种类组成亦有较大的差别。 相似文献
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Natural Hazards - The wind wave erosion is one of the main factors of the soil bank slope retreat in plain irrigation reservoirs, which plays an important role in the bank profile evolution and... 相似文献
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Three plutons (Deh-Siahan, Bande-Bagh and Baghe-Khoshk Sharghi, collectively referred to as the DBB hereafter) in southwestern Kerman, in the southeastern part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic assemblage (UDMA) of the Zagros orogenic belt differ from the typical calc-alkaline metaluminous, I-type intrusions of the region. The DBB intrusions have a distinct lithological assemblage varying from diorite through monzogranite and monzonite to alkali feldspar syenite and alkali granite. The DBB granitoids are metaluminous to slightly peraluminous, alkaline to shoshonitic in composition and have high total alkali contents with K2O > Na2O, high FeOT/MgO values, and low CaO and MgO contents. They are enriched in some LILEs (such as Rb and Th) and HFSEs (such as Zr, Y and REEs except Eu) and depleted in Sr and Ba relative to primordial mantle, and have low concentrations of transitional metals. These features along with various geochemical discriminant diagrams suggest that the DBB granitoids are post-collisional A-type granitoids, which had not been recognized previously in the UDMA. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of the DBB granitoids show slightly enriched light REEs [(La/Sm)N = 2.26–4.13], negative Eu anomalies [(Eu/Eu*)N = 0.19–0.74] and flat heavy REE patterns [(Gd/Yb)N = 0.80–1.87]. The negative Eu anomaly indicates an important role for plagioclase and/or K-feldspar during fractional crystallization. Whole-rock Rb–Sr isotope analysis yields an isochron age of 33 ± 1 Ma with an initial 87Sr/86Sr value of 0.7049 ± 0.0001. Whole-rock Sm–Nd isotope analysis gives εNdt values from + 2.56 to + 3.62 at 33 Ma. The positive εNdt and low ISr values of the DBB granitoids together with their TDM of 0.6–0.7 Ga suggest their formation from partial melting of a lithospheric mantle source, modified by fluids or melts from earlier subduction processes. Melting of lithospheric mantle occurred via a dehydration melting process at pressures below the garnet stability field, as a consequence of lithospheric mantle delamination or break-off of a subducted slab and melting of the lithospheric mantle by upwelling of hot asthenosphere. On the basis of Rb/Sr age dating and the post-collisional geochemical signatures of the DBB granitoids, along with extensive pre-collisional volcanic eruptions in Middle Eocene, we suggest Late Eocene for the time of collision between the Arabian and Central Iranian plates. This also implies that the calc-alkaline I-type intrusions in the southwestern Kerman and in other parts of the UDMA may have formed in a post-collisional context. 相似文献
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Characteristics and tectonic setting of volcanic rocks in Early Cretaceous Baiyingaolao Formation of Keyouzhongqi area,Inner Mongolia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The authors studied zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating,the zircon Hf isotope and geochemistry of acidic volcanic rocks in Baiyingaolao Formation of Keyouzhongqi area,Inner Mongolia,and discussed the chronology, source region and tectonic setting of the volcanic rocks in the studied area. The clear oscillatory zoning of zir- cons indicates a typical magmatic origin,and the results of dating show that the volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation were formed in Early Cretaceous (121.5 ±1.0 Ma). The features of major and trace elements show that the rocks are alkali-rich,poor in calcium and magnesium with enrichment in LILEs like Th,U,K and Gd and depletion in HFSEs,e.g. Nb,Ta,Sr and Ti. The fact implies that they were the products of partial melting of the crust. εHf(t) = ( +6.30--+9.06) and TDM2=600--835 Ma,suggest the magma originated from par- tial melting of the young crust. Combined with the evolution of regional tectonic structure,the authors conclude that the acidic volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation may be formed under the extensional environment relat- ed to the subduction of Paleo-Pacific Plate. 相似文献
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基于台风“苏迪罗”(1513)影响前后南京实时高频监测的水汽稳定同位素数据,并结合再分析资料、HYSPLIT后向轨迹模型分析了大气水汽δ18O与天气过程之间的关系以及大气水汽过量氘所指示的水汽来源。结果表明,1)整个台风影响过程水汽δ18O先保持基本不变后一直下降的趋势,而水汽过量氘则呈现完全相反的变化趋势。2)根据台风“苏迪罗”影响前后南京水汽δ18O变化特征,将其划分为3个阶段:Ⅰ阶段水汽δ18O较高与南京地区较为稳定的大气条件相对应,水汽过量氘值较低指示南京地区主要受海洋水汽影响;Ⅱ阶段台风环流及其残压和北方南下冷空气相互作用造成南京地区强降水,水汽凝结和降雨蒸发的共同作用导致水汽δ18O不断贫化,较高的水汽过量氘表明南京地区主要受海洋和局地混合水汽的影响;Ⅲ阶段可能是中尺度下沉气流导致南京地区极端偏负的δ18O和高水汽过量氘。 相似文献