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Most research on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict has focused on macro and meso-levels of abstraction by exploring national territorial and urban scales. This article, however, takes a more micro-level approach by investigating one specific public space in detail. It analyses the transformation and use of Dawar, the main public space of the city of Nablus, during the First (1987–1993) and Second (2000–2005) Intifadas. Public spaces in Palestinian cities have been transformed during the two Intifadas on both the physical and the socio-economic levels. Changing power relations affect the way public spaces are produced and regulated. Citizens, too, (re)produce public spaces through everyday practices, uses, and—in our case—explicit forms of resistance. The study proposes an analytical framework to look at public spaces as the result of power relations by combining the work of two French theorists, Michel Foucault and Henri Lefebvre. This framework is then applied to Dawar during the two Intifadas. 相似文献
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Major and trace elements including rare earth elements (REEs) chemistry of the metapelitic rocks of Bulfat Complex (Iraqi Zagros Suture Zone) indicate their enrichment in large-ion Lithophile, light rare earth (LREE) elements, and relative depletion of high field strength and heavy rare earth (HREE) elements. The linear correlation coefficients between TiO2, K2O, and Al2O3 and total REE reveal that phyllosilicates (e.g., mica) and accessory minerals mainly Ti-bearing phases (e.g., ilmenite) are likely the dominant hosts for REEs. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns typical of continental margin settings with significant enrichment of LREE, prominent negative Eu anomalies, and nearly flat HREE are positively correlated with post-Archean Australian shale (PAAS) and upper continental crust (UCC) patterns. Additionally, their consistent elemental La/Sc, Th/Sc, La/Co, Th/Co, Cr/Th, and Eu/Eu* values suggest that sediments may have been originally derived from an old post-Archean upper continental crust composed chiefly of granitic component. It seems most likely that the felsic source rocks were originated by a process of intra-crustal differentiation such as partial melting and/or fractional crystallization involving fractionation of Ca-plagioclase. The geochemical evidences particularly REEs evaluation show that deposition of clasts occurred in an active continental margin setting during lower–upper Cretaceous period contemporaneous with the igneous activities. It is evident therefore that the clasts source is from the north–northeast side, i.e., from the active margin of Iranian microcontinent (Sanandaj–Sirjan Zone). 相似文献
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Ng Fei Chong Zawawi Mohd Hafiz Azman Aqil Abas Aizat Razak Norizham Abdul Aziz Nurhanani A. Zahari Nazirul Mubin 《Ocean Dynamics》2022,72(2):99-114
Ocean Dynamics - In this paper, a two-phase coastal liquid-sediment system and a wave breaker were numerically simulated using a particle-based smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH). To verify the... 相似文献
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