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A combination of different scientific techniques has been utilized to estimate the initial firing temperature and kiln atmosphere of a collection of Islamic painted sherds excavated from an archaeological site in northern Jordan. Scanning electron microscope investigation of samples refired at different temperatures proves that the pottery was fired at around 750°C in an oxidizing atmosphere. Similar results were obtained by the thermal analysis study using thermogravometric, differential thermogravemetric and differential thermal analysis and by the temperature-minerological scale analysis. The obtained results shed light on the manufacturing techniques adopted by the Islamic potter of the period. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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Alex Fore Ziad S. Haddad T. N. Krishnamurti Ernesto Rodgridez 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2012,169(3):415-424
One of the current problems in the accurate estimation of over-ocean wind from scatterometry observations is the proper accounting
for precipitation. Specific cases such as hurricanes are particularly difficult, because precipitation in the eye wall and
rain bands can be quite heavy, and therefore, affect the scatterometer signatures so drastically that a category-4 hurricane
can appear, to the scatterometer, to have category-1 winds. We have developed an approach to infer and account for the signature
of the precipitation from non-simultaneous passive-microwave measurements of rain, with the help of geostationary IR measurements.
In this note, we describe the basic approach, and the results of applying it to the data taken by the Tropical Rainfall Measurement
Mission Microwave Imager measurements several hours before and after the QuikSCAT observation of Hurricane Rita in September
2005. We also describe how we are enhancing the approach with more realism in the assimilation of the IR information. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the changes in Lisan Marl properties upon leaching the soluble minerals and collapse potential. Finite
element method was used to model dike construction and the relationships between soil parameters. To validate the chosen model
and obtain the required input data, one dimensional oedometer and drained direct shear tests were carried out. The models
were further validated by comparing the results with available published data. The results proved that the chosen model is
efficient in assessing the geotechnical behavior of the studied soil. 相似文献
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Modified DRASTIC assessment for intrinsic vulnerability mapping of karst aquifers: a case study 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
Groundwater in karstic aquifers can be dangerously sensitive to contamination. In this paper, DRASTIC assessment was modified
and applied, for the first time, to address the intrinsic vulnerability for karst aquifers. The theoretical weights of two
of DRASTIC’s parameters (aquifer media and hydraulic conductivity) were modified through sensitivity analysis. Two tests of
sensitivity analyses were carried out: the map removal and the single parameter sensitivity analyses. The modified assessment
was applied for the karst aquifers underlying Ramallah District (Palestine) as a case study. The aquifer vulnerability map
indicated that the case study area is under low, moderate and high vulnerability of groundwater to contamination. The vulnerability
index can assist in the implementation of groundwater management strategies to prevent degradation of groundwater quality.
The modified DRASTIC assessment has proven to be effective because it is relatively straightforward, use data that are commonly
available or estimated and produces an end product that is easily interpreted. 相似文献
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Samih Al Rawashdeh Rami Ruzouq A’kif Al-Fugara Biswajeet Pradhan S. H. Abu-Hamatteh Ziad Abu Rumman Ghayda 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(9):3241-3248
Remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) are very useful for environmental-related studies, particularly in the field of surface water studies such as monitoring of lakes. The Dead Sea is exposed to very high evaporating process with considerable scarcity of water sources, thus leading to a remarkable shrinkage in its water surface area. The lake suffers from dry out due to the negative balance of water cycle during the previous four decades. This paper discusses the application of RS, GIS, and Global Positioning System to estimate the lowering and the shrinkage of Dead Sea water surface over the period 1810–2005. A set of multi-temporal remote sensing images were collected and processed to show the lakes aerial extend shrinkage from 1973 up to 2004. Remote sensing data were used to extract spatial information and to compute the surface areas for Dead Sea for various years. The current study aims at estimating the fluctuation of Dead Sea level over the study period with special emphasis on the environmental impact assessment that includes the degradation level of the Dead Sea. The results indicated that there is a decrease of 20 m in the level of the Dead Sea that has occurred during the study period. Further, the results showed that the water surface area of the Dead Sea has shrunk from 934.26 km2 in 1973 to 640.62 km2 in 2004. 相似文献
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A. Ziad R. Gredel J. Aceituno J. Borgnino F. Hoyo A. Irbah F. Martin U. Thiele S. Pedraz 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,362(2):455-459
The main atmospheric optical parameters have been measured at the Calar Alto Observatory simultaneously using the Generalized Seeing Monitor (GSM) and a Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM) during several nights in 2002 May. The temporal evolution of the seeing, the outer scale, the isoplanatic angle and the coherence time have been analysed. There is excellent agreement between the seeing measurements provided by the two instruments, particularly when the turbulence is slow. Indeed, the GSM measurements are corrected from the exposure time when the DIMM data were recorded for at least 5 ms. From almost three years of DIMM (at 5 m height above ground) data, a seeing of 0.92 arcsec with a standard deviation of 0.31 arcsec has been obtained for this site. The outer scale , the isoplanatic angle θ0 and the coherence time τ0 measured with the GSM are well fitted with log-normal distributions with median values of 22.9 m, 2.27 arcsec and 3.7 ms, respectively. 相似文献
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Ziad Mahmoud Mansour Mohd Raihan Taha Zamri Chik Anuar Kasa 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2009,59(4):891-900
Leaching of Lisan Marl, Dead Sea, Jordan increased the soil compressibility and cohesion intercept. Back analysis using the
Plaxis finite element code was successfully implemented. The Finite element modeling of dike construction showed a significant
increase of total settlement and negligible effect on the strength as calculated by the φ/c reduction method. The height of dikes to be constructed on Lisan Marl as foundation material, should be optimized to account
for the effect of soluble salts leaching. For this to take place, an accurate calculation of settlement is crucial. 相似文献