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Two new species of the genus Cobitis from southern China, C. hereromacula from the Luohe River in Guangdong Province and C. baishagensis from the Nandujiang River in Hainan Province, are described and illustrated here. C. hereromacula can be distinguished from its congeners by possessing the following combination of characteristics: absence of the second and third pigmentary zones of Gambetta; 13–16 oval blotches on the dorsum and 10–13 vertical, elongated triangular blotches below the midlateral line with more than 20 vertical dark brown bars between them; 6–7 narrow rows of dark spots on the caudal fin; a vertical oval spot smaller than the eye diameter on the upper part of the caudal peduncle; pointed mental lobes of the lower lip pointed with a slightly filiform tip; one slender and long needle-shaped lamina circularis at the base of the first branched ray of the male pectoral fins. C. baishagensis can be distinguished from its congeners by the fourth Gambetta zone being covered by 10–12 transverse elongated blotches; 4–5 narrow rows of dark spots on the caudal fin; a vertical blotch smaller than the eye diameter on the upper part of the caudal peduncle; males with a slender and long needle-shaped lamina circularis at the second branched pectoral fin ray in males; large scales with a slightly large focal zone; undeveloped mental lobes with a lower lip that does not end posteriorly in a filiform tip. 相似文献
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基于线粒体COI基因序列的中国鲷科鱼类系统进化关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用PCR特异性扩增了采集于中国沿海的鲷科5属11种鱼类的线粒体COI基因序列,并结合Gen Bank已有的同源序列,对中国鲷科6属12种鱼类的分子系统进化关系进行研究。结果表明,中国鲷科6属12种鱼类的COI基因序列的平均碱基组成为T 30.4%、C 27.7%、A 23.5%、G 18.4%;属间Kimura双参数平均遗传距离为9.5%—19.7%,种间平均遗传距离为2.2%—21.8%,其中四长棘鲷属、赤鲷属和犁齿鲷属间的遗传距离(8.2%—13.8%)接近于棘鲷属多数种间遗传距离(6.5%—12.2%);分子系统树显示中国鲷科鱼类分为两大类群,类群I包括四长棘鲷属、犁齿鲷属、赤鲷属、牙鲷属等红体色种类,类群Ⅱ含平鲷属、棘鲷属等银灰体色种类,其中棘鲷属的冲绳棘鲷和黄鳍棘鲷先聚为姐妹群,澳洲棘鲷、黑棘鲷、灰鳍棘鲷和台湾棘鲷聚为另一支。本文结合已有研究结果得出:中国鲷科鱼类属间是先按体色、后按牙齿分化的,四长棘鲷属、犁齿鲷属和赤鲷属有相当密切的亲缘关系;中国棘鲷属是一个有共同祖先的单系群,属内存在两个平行进化的分支,两分支的种间关系具有明显的分化。 相似文献
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