排序方式： 共有31条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Antonietta Grande Gianfranco Di Vincenzo Giacomo Prosser Alfredo Caggianelli 《地学学报》2009,21(4):293-303
The Variscan crystalline basement of the Calabria–Peloritani terrane (CPT) in southern Italy was partly reworked by ductile and brittle shear zones throughout the Alpine tectonic evolution (from thickening to exhumation). Although evidence of extensional tectonics in the CPT has already been found and roughly constrained to the Oligocene onward, no attempt has ever been made to directly date brittle fault movements. Structural (meso- and micro-scale), kinematic and petrographic analyses and 40 Ar–39 Ar laser experiments reveal that the pseudotachylyte-bearing shear zones of the Palmi area in southern Calabria formed in response to extensional shearing ∼33.5 Ma ago and overprinted compressional tectonic structures. Results provide the first direct evidence of Middle Oligocene co-seismic faulting in the area and confirm the role of extensional tectonics in promoting the Oligocene exhumation of the Calabria basement. 相似文献
2.
Vincenzo Festa Giacomo Prosser Alfredo Caggianelli Antonietta Grande Antonio Langone Daniela Mele 《Geological Journal》2016,51(4):670-681
New microstructural data on the mylonites from the well‐exposed Palmi shear zone (southern Calabria) are presented with the aim to shed light on both the kinematics and the geometry of the southwestern branch of the Alpine belt during Eocene. In the study area, located between the Sardinia–Corsica block and the Calabria–Peloritani terrane, previous large‐scale geodynamic reconstructions suggest the presence of strike–slip or transform fault zones dissecting the southwestern branch of the Alpine belt. However, there are no field data supporting the occurrence of these structures. This paper uses vorticity analysis technique based on the aspect ratio and the long axis orientation of rigid porphyroclasts in mylonitic marbles and mylonitic granitoids, to estimate the contribution of pure and simple shear of deformation during the movement of the Palmi shear zone. Porphyroclasts aspect ratio and orientation were measured on thin sections using image analysis. Estimates of the vorticity number, Wm, indicate that the Palmi shear zone recorded general shear with a contribution of pure shear of c. 65%. Then, the Palmi shear zone can be interpreted as a segment of a left‐lateral transpressive bend along the southern termination of the Eocene Alpine front. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
Ballast water exchange processes facilitate the dispersal and unnatural geographic expansion of phytoplankton, including harmful algal bloom species. From 2005 to 2010, over 45,000 vessels (≈ 8000 annually) travelled across Galveston Bay (Texas, USA) to the deep-water ports of Houston (10th largest in the world), Texas City and Galveston. These vessels (primarily tankers and bulkers) discharged ≈ 1.2 × 10(8) metrictons of ballast water; equivalent to ≈ 3.4% of the total volume of the Bay. Over half of the ballast water discharged had a coastwise origin, 96% being from US waters. Galveston Bay has fewer non-indigenous species but receives a higher volume of ballast water discharge, relative to the highly invaded Chesapeake and San Francisco Bays. Given the magnitude of shipping traffic, the role of Galveston Bay, both as a recipient and donor region of non-indigenous phytoplankton species is discussed here in terms of the invasibility risk to this system by way of ballast water. 相似文献
4.
M. Antonietta Barucci Marcello Fulchignoni Roberto Burchi Viriol D&#x;Ambrosio 《Icarus》1985,61(1):152-162
V photoelectric lightcurves of ten main belt asteroids (11 Partenope, 20 Massalia, 31 Euphrosyne, 41 Daphne, 55 Pandora, 71 Niobe, 79 Eurynome, 129 Antigone, 344 Desiderata, and 387 Aquitania), obtained during the 1981–1983 oppositions, are reported. The rotation period of 11 Partenope is P = 7.83 hr and that of 344 Desiderata P = 10.53 hr. The shape and the pole coordinates of 20 Massalia, 31 Euphrosyne, and 129 Antigone were also derived and those of 41 Daphne confirmed. The lightcurves of the remaining objects are presented: a preliminary discussion of their possible rotational properties and their morphological features is given. 相似文献
5.
The designation of Texas as a “hotspot” for fish mortalities relative to the other 22 coastal US states is of serious concern
for scientists, resource managers, and the public alike. We investigated the major sources and causes of fish kills in coastal
Texas from 1951 to 2006. During this 55-year period, more than 383 million fish were killed, 72% of which were Gulf menhaden
(Brevoortia spp.). We examined the relationships between climate and the physical features of Texas bays and estuaries as well as the consequences
of high-density industrialization and urbanization along several coastal centers on fish kills, including the impact of eutrophication,
algal blooms (toxic and nontoxic), and hypoxia. Galveston and Matagorda Bays had the highest number of fish kill events and
total number of fish killed. The largest number of fish kill events and the highest number of fish killed occurred during
the warmest months, particularly in August. The leading cause of fish kills was found to be low dissolved oxygen concentrations
caused by both physical and biological factors. From 1958 to 1997, about two thirds of the mortalities from low oxygen concentrations
were caused by human activities. With the population predicted to double in Texas by 2050, mostly along the coastal areas,
natural resources will require additional protection. Further increases in nutrient loading are expected in areas unable to
keep up with construction of sewage treatment facilities. Defining the sources and causes of fish kill events in Texas will
allow better management and conservation efforts. 相似文献
6.
Federico Spagnoli Antonietta Specchiulli Tommaso Scirocco Gerardo Carapella Paolo Villani Giovanni Casolino Primiano Schiavone Massimo Franchi 《Marine Ecology》2002,23(S1):384-394
Abstract. The Lago di Varano is situated on the north side of the Gargano National Park (southeast Italy) and covers a surface area of about 65 km2 . It communicates with the Adriatic Sea through two artificial canals (Foce Capoiale and Foce Varano) located at the two ends of a long and narrow coastal dune. This work presents preliminary results of four seasonal surveys (1999–2000) carried out to measure chemical and physical parameters of the water column (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH) and to analyse a number of biogeochemical characteristics of surface sediments (organic matter, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and total Hg, As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Ni content). Water analysis indicated poor exchange between the coastal pond and the open sea, limited to autumn and winter. Surface sediments were rich in organic matter, whose distribution was influenced by chemical-physical and hydrodynamic variations in the water column. At the sediment level, the highest values of Cd were found in the central zone of the basin, while the highest Cr values were measured in the central and southeastern areas. With the exception of Cd and Pb, the metal content did not indicate anthropogenic pollution, in particular when compared with the Venice Lagoon and the Central Adriatic Sea. 相似文献
7.
8.
Francesca Sangiorgi Lucilla Capotondi Nathalie Combourieu Nebout Luigi Vigliotti Henk Brinkhuis Simona Giunta Andr F. Lotter Caterina Morigi Alessandra Negri Gert‐Jan Reichart 《第四纪科学杂志》2003,18(8):723-732
Holocene cooling events have been reconstructed for the southern Adriatic Sea (central Mediterranean) by means of analyses of organic walled dinoflagellate cysts, planktonic foraminifera, oxygen isotopes, calcareous nanoplankton, alkenones and pollen from a sediment core. Two cooling events have been detected, during which sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs) were ca. 2°C lower. Unravelling the SST signal into dominant seasonal components suggests maximum winter cooling of 2°C at around 6.0 ka, whereas the cooling at ca. 3.0 ka might be the result of a spring temperature cooling of 2–3°C. The events, lasting several hundred years, are apparently synchronous with those in the Aegean Sea, where they have been related to known cooling events from the Greenland ice‐core record. A distinct interruption in Adriatic Sea sapropel S1 is not clearly accompanied by a local drop in winter temperatures, but seems to be forced by ventilation, which probably occurred earlier in the Aegean Sea and was subsequently transmitted to the Adriatic Sea. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
9.
Antonietta Quigg Jason B. Sylvan Anne B. Gustafson Thomas R. Fisher Rod L. Oliver Sasha Tozzi James W. Ammerman 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2011,17(4-5):519-544
To investigate controls on phytoplankton production along the Louisiana coastal shelf, we mapped salinity, nutrient concentrations (dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and phosphorus (Pi), silicate (Si)), nutrient ratios (DIN/Pi), alkaline phosphatase activity, chlorophyll and 14C primary productivity on fine spatial scales during cruises in March, May, and July 2004. Additionally, resource limitation assays were undertaken in a range of salinity and nutrient regimes reflecting gradients typical of this region. Of these, seven showed Pi limitation, five revealed nitrogen (N) limitation, three exhibited light (L) limitation, and one bioassay had no growth. We found the phytoplankton community to shift from being predominately N limited in the early spring (March) to P limited in late spring and summer (May and July). Light limitation of phytoplankton production was recorded in several bioassays in July in water samples collected after peak annual flows from both the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers. We also found that organic phosphorus, as glucose-6-phosphate, alleviated P limitation while phosphono-acetic acid had no effect. Whereas DIN/Pi and DIN/Si ratios in the initial water samples were good predictors of the outcome of phytoplankton production in response to inorganic nutrients, alkaline phosphatase activity was the best predictor when examining organic forms of phosphorus. We measured the rates of integrated primary production (0.33?C7.01 g C m?2 d?1), finding the highest rates within the Mississippi River delta and across Atchafalaya Bay at intermediate salinities. The lowest rates were measured along the outer shelf at the highest salinities and lowest nutrient concentrations (<0.1 ??M DIN and Pi). The results of this study indicate that Pi limitation of phytoplankton delays the assimilation of riverine DIN in the summer as the plume spreads across the shelf, pushing primary production over a larger region. Findings from water samples, taken adjacent the Atchafalaya River discharge, highlighted the importance of this riverine system to the overall production along the Louisiana coast. 相似文献
10.
Jason B. Sylvan Antonietta Quigg Sasha Tozzi James W. Ammerman 《Estuaries and Coasts》2011,34(6):1220-1233
Seasonal phosphorus limitation occurs on the Louisiana continental shelf as a result of high nitrogen loads in the spring
and early summer. Prior studies have assessed such nutrient limitation by laborious and time-consuming nutrient analyses,
enzyme assays, and nutrient addition bioassays. We undertook surface (0.5–1 m) mapping of fast repetition rate fluorescence
(FRRF) parameters to assess nutrient limitation in real time on the Louisiana continental shelf and Mississippi River plume
from 29 June to 08 July, 2002 in an effort to further understand phytoplankton productivity in this region, as well as to
better inform effective nutrient management strategies. Surface nutrient concentrations (NO3−, NO2−, NH4+, PO43−), chlorophyll a biomass, alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, and four FRRF parameters: the maximum quantum yield of photochemistry (F
v
/F
m
), the functional absorption cross section for PSII, the time constant for Q
A
reoxidation, and the connectivity factor, were measured during continuous underway mapping. Results from traditional methods
to assess phytoplankton nutrient stress indicated widespread phosphorus limitation from the Mississippi River plume to the
Atchafalaya River, manifested as high inorganic N/P ratios and elevated AP activities associated with phytoplankton biomass.
The FRRF data indicated complex patterns of phytoplankton physiology that were likely driven by the rapidly changing conditions
in local surface waters and heterogeneous phytoplankton community structure. Correlations of nutrient data and enzyme assays
with FRRF parameters were significant but low, potentially due to differences in the manner and time scale with which nutrient
limitation affects the different techniques used, indicating that further work is needed to interpret FRRF parameters in large,
heterogeneous environments such as estuaries and continental shelves. 相似文献