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Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The growing relevance of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for studying turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is associated with...  相似文献   
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The dynamics of atmospheric characteristics in the zone of the cyclone which provoked the dangerous atmospheric phenomenon, the heavy snowfall over the center of the European part of Russia in April 2012, is studied using the data of surface and satellite measurements. Besides the observational data from the meteorological stations, the results are used of the measurement of meteorological variables at the high-altitude meteorological mast in Obninsk and of surface concentration of minor gas components. Revealed is a number of interesting features associated with the passage of the cyclone cloud system over the observational point: the dramatic air temperature drop throughout the 300-m layer of the atmosphere, the formation of intensive vertical motions, and the significant temporal variability of O3 and NO2 concentration. The intensity and the total amount of precipitation falling during the cyclone passage are determined using the data of optical measurements of SEVIRI, AVHRR, and MODIS instruments of geostationary and polar orbiting satellites. Demonstrated is the satisfactory agreement of the computed precipitation characteristics with the results of observations at the network of meteorological stations.  相似文献   
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Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - In the paper, we present the results of an analysis of ceilometer measurements at North Pole (NP) drifting station 37, 39, and 40. The frequencies of...  相似文献   
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The influence that cool skin has on the energy exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean is investigated in this work. For this purpose, a series of numerical experiments with the use of the one-dimensional LAKE model of a water body were performed. Three types of cold-skin parameterization were used in this model. The data of in situ measurements in the coastal zone of the Black Sea, in the Arctic Ocean, and over Lake Sparkling served as the boundary and initial conditions. It has been established from the results of experiments that the LAKE model with the incorporated parameterization of the cool skin successfully reproduces cold-skin characteristics, namely, the difference between the temperature of the cool skin surface and the water temperature below the skin. The results of numerical experiments are within the variability of the results of in situ measurements. It has been shown that the presence of a cool skin reduces the heat losses of a body of water. The numerical experiments showed that the presence of a cool skin can change the thermal regime of a water body and its stratification by changing the heat balance at the surface. This result can be important for the modeling of many processes inside a body of water and at its surface, for example, gas and heat exchange.  相似文献   
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A step-by-step foundation for the differential character of the Universe’s rotation is presented. First, invoking the concept of spacetime foam with spin, it is reasonable to assume that the very early Universe can be described by the Dirac equation. Second, it is shown using the Ehrenfest theorem that, from a classical point of view, the early Universe can be described by the Papapetrou equations. Third, it is stressed that our Universe can perform only rotational motion. It is shown based on the spin part of the Papapetrou equations that the Universe’s rotation depends appreciably on the physical properties of a specific cosmological epoch. The rotational angular velocity is calculated for three basic cosmological epochs: the matter-dominated epoch, the transition period (from domination of matter to domination of vacuum), and the vacuum-dominated epoch.  相似文献   
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The rotational effect of the cosmic vacuum is investigated. The induced rotation of elliptical galaxies due to the anti-gravity of the vacuum is found to be 10−21 s−1 for real elliptical galaxies. The effect of the vacuum rotation of the entire Universe is discussed, and can be described by the invariant ω ν = ω 0 ∼ $ \sqrt {G\rho v} $ \sqrt {G\rho v} . The corresponding numerical angular velocity of the Universe is 10−19 s−1, in good agreement with modern data on the temperature fluctuations of the cosmic background radiation.  相似文献   
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