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During a cruise on board RV Gauss in May/June 1988, joint investigations into organochlorine compounds, dissolved trace metals, petroleum hydrocarbons and basic hydrography were carried out at representative stations of the Baltic Monitoring Programme (BMP). The aim of the cruise was to study distribution patterns and — using previous data — to establish temporal trends if at all discernible.Each group of contaminants investigated showed specific characteristics, with differences even between compounds within the same group. The differences are due to:
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| – | - the partition of contaminants between dissolved and adsorbed form; |
| – | - the response to redox conditions; |
| – | - the influence of microbial decay, organic production or changes in speciation. |
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Gaul S Bendig P Olbrich D Rosenfelder N Ruff P Gaus C Mueller JF Vetter W 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(11):2463-2468
Halogenated natural products (HNPs) are frequently detected in marine organisms. High HNP concentrations have previously been found in marine mammals from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, including in the blubber of herbivorous dugongs (Dugong dugon). To identify the source of HNPs we initially focused on the analysis of Australian seagrass (Halophila ovalis) which serves as the principal food source for dugongs. GC/MS analysis of the seagrass indicated the presence of several organobromine compounds. One compound was identified as 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-1-methylpyrrole (TBMP) by synthesis. Subsequent analysis of semipermeable membrane devices demonstrated that the photo-sensitive TBMP is widespread in the Great Barrier Reef (Queensland, Australia). The detection of larger TBMP concentrations in fish fillets from Chile and traces in mussels from New Zealand indicated that this potential HNP may be distributed throughout the Southern Pacific Ocean. 相似文献
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Dr. Horst Gaul 《Ocean Dynamics》1987,40(5):221-224
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
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Dr. Horst Gaul 《Ocean Dynamics》1984,37(4):129-145
Summary On a cruise, covering the whole Baltic Sea area, in May/June 1983, from the Kattegat through the Belt Sea, the Baltic Proper, and the Gulfs of Finland and Bothnia, investigations concerning the distribution of several organochlorine compounds were made. In accordance with the water exchange in the Kattegat and Belt Sea, a vertical stratification can be seen for -, -, -HCH and DDT — with higher concentrations in the outflowing surface water with low salinity and lower values in the inflowing bottom water with high salinity. The bottom water concentrations in the Kattegat and Belt Sea are increasing from North to South by mixture with surface water. East of the Darss Sill, the distribution pattern becomes more homogeneous with only slight differences in the average mean concentrations between the various basins forming the Baltic Sea.
Über die Verteilung einiger Organochlorverbindungen in der Ostsee
Zusammenfassung Im Wasser des Kattegats, der Beltsee, der zentralen Ostsee, des Finnischen Meerbusens und der Bottensee wurden im Mai und Juni 1983 Untersuchungen auf Organochlorverbindungen vorgenommen. In Übereinstimmung mit den Verhältnissen des Wasseraustausches im Kattegat und der Beltsee kann man für -, -, -HCH und DDT eine vertikale Schichtung erkennen — mit höheren Konzentrationen im abfließenden Oberflächenwasser mit niedrigem Salzgehalt und niedrigeren Werten im einströmenden Bodenwasser mit hohem Salzgehalt. Durch Vermischung mit dem Oberflächenwasser steigen die Konzentrationen im Bodenwasser im Kattegat und der Beltsee von Norden nach Süden hin an. Östlich der Darsser Schwelle ergibt sich eine gleichmäßigere Verteilung mit nur geringen Unterschieden in den mittleren Konzentrationen innerhalb der einzelnen Becken, die die Ostsee bilden.
De la distribution de quelques composants organochlorés dans la mer Baltique
Résumé En mai et juin 1983 des recherches sur la distribution de plusieurs composants organochlorés furent effectuées durant une campagne couvrant le Kattegat, les Belts, la mer Baltique centrale, les Golfes de Finlande et de Bothnie. En accord avec les échanges des eaux dans le Kattegat et les Belts, une stratification verticale de l'-, -, -HCH et DDT fut mise en évidence, avec une concentration plus forte dans les eaux superficielles sortantes et des valeurs plus faibles dans les eaux de fond entrantes. A l'Est du seuil de Drss, la répartition des échantillons devient plus homogène avec seulement de légères différences des concentrations moyennes entre les différents bassins qui forment la mer Baltique.相似文献
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Ocean Dynamics - Für eine Bewertung des Zustands der Meeresumwelt sind die Richtigkeit und die Vergleichbarkeit der im marinen Monitoring erhobenen Daten wesentliche Voraussetzungen. Ein... 相似文献
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Gaul R.D. Knobles D.P. Shooter J.A. Wittenborn A.F. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2007,32(2):497-512
During the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s, the U.S. Navy conducted a series of ocean acoustic measurement exercises to support development of systems and techniques to detect nuclear submarines. The exercises and most of the technical documentation were classified. In 2003, a project was sponsored by the U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR, Arlington, VA) to declassify documentation and demonstrate the capability to recover acoustic data recorded on magnetic tape. One of the exercises, known as CHURCH OPAL, was selected for demonstration of acoustic data recovery. The record on magnetic tape spanned a period of ten days in September 1975 from a vertical assembly of hydrophones at a site midway between Hawaii and California. This paper presents selected excerpts from a key report (Wittenborn, 1976) on ambient noise that previously was unpublished and unavailable for general distribution. The earlier work is augmented with more complete and detailed analyses of the recovered digital data using modern analytical techniques. Data acquired from the hydrophones below critical depth enabled isolation of ambient noise due to distant shipping and local wind. The frequency band of the acoustic analyses was 30-500 Hz. The wind component of the ambient noise was evaluated at frequencies lower than reported by Wenz (1962). 相似文献
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