南海神狐海域沉积物自生黄铁矿和石膏S同位素特征及对甲烷渗漏强度的示踪   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张美  陆红锋  管红香  刘丽华  邬黛黛  吴能友 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(7):20-27

The northern slope of the South China Sea is a gas-hydrate-bearing region related to a high deposition rate of organic-rich sediments co-occurring with intense methanogenesis in subseafloor environments.Anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM) coupled with bacterial sulfate reduction results in the precipitation of solid phase minerals in seepage sediment,including pyrite and gypsum.Abundant aggregates of pyrites and gypsums are observed between the depth of 667 and 850 cm below the seafloor(cmbsf) in the entire core sediment of HS328 from the northern South China Sea.Most pyrites are tubes consisting of framboidal cores and outer crusts.Gypsum aggregates occur as rosettes and spheroids consisting of plates.Some of them grow over pyrite,indicating that gypsum precipitation postdates pyrite formation.The sulfur isotopic values(δ~(34) S) of pyrite vary greatly(from –46.6‰ to –12.3‰ V-CDT) and increase with depth.Thus,the pyrite in the shallow sediments resulted from organoclastic sulfate reduction(OSR) and is influenced by AOM with depth.The relative high abundance and δ~(34) S values of pyrite in sediments at depths from 580 to 810 cmbsf indicate that this interval is the location of a paleo-sulfate methane transition zone(SMTZ).The sulfur isotopic composition of gypsum(from–25‰ to –20.7‰) is much lower than that of the seawater sulfate,indicating the existence of a 34 S-depletion source of sulfur species that most likely are products of the oxidation of pyrites formed in OSR.Pyrite oxidation is controlled by ambient electron acceptors such as MnO_2,iron(Ⅲ) and oxygen driven by the SMTZ location shift to great depths.The δ~(34) S values of gypsum at greater depth are lower than those of the associated pyrite,revealing downward diffusion of 34 S-depleted sulfate from the mixture of oxidation of pyrite derived by OSR and the seawater sulfate.These sulfates also lead to an increase of calcium ions from the dissolution of calcium carbonate mineral,which will be favor to the formation of gypsum.Overall,the mineralogy and sulfur isotopic composition of the pyrite and gypsum suggest variable redox conditions caused by reduced seepage intensities,and the pyrite and gypsum can be a recorder of the intensity evolution of methane seepage.  相似文献   

巴西的黄金开采和勘查     

Thomp.  M 藜晓荻 《国外铀金地质》1994,11(3):226-229

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Geochemical survey of thermal system in Northeast China and their geothermometric characters     

MohammedHazaea HUKe MohammedMattash CHENBing M.O.AI-JabaliAref MohammedAbdussalam 《东北亚地学研究》2004,7(2):181-184

The chemical composition of several thermal springs around Changbaishan area has been investigated. Cenozoic basaltic rocks are widely distributed in Northeast China and geothermal characteristics have been described. About one hundred hot springs exist around Changhaishan Volcano at the border between China and D.P.R.Korea with high temperature about 82~C. The pH values of the spring water range from 6.9 to 7.1 and the total flow rate is about 4.8 L/sec. The chemical composition of the thermal springs is sodium carbonate; the high-mineral contents of thermal water are believed to have medicinal properties. Bathhouses are already built along the hot springs to take the advantage of the supposed healing properties. The high quality of those hot springs is believed to be utilitized for mineral water. The chemical equilibrium temperatures were estimated at about 160℃ based on the Na-K-Ca geochemical thermometer.  相似文献   

Does sediment grain size affect diatom grazing by harpacticoid copepods?     

De Troch M  Houthoofd L  Chepurnov V  Vanreusel A 《Marine environmental research》2006,61(3):265-277

Estuarine soft sediments support a diverse group of eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms though the role of the sediment per se for the functioning of these organisms remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to test the effect of sediment grain size on the grazing activities of harpacticoid copepods. In controlled experiments, two common intertidal harpacticoid species (Paramphiascella fulvofasciata and Nitokra spinipes) were each offered a mix of two benthic diatom species (Navicula phyllepta and Seminavis robusta) in different sedimentary conditions. Several microcosms were created using a variety of sediment types, including fine silt (<63 microm), coarser grained sands (125-250, 250-450, 100-300 microm), artificial 'sediments' of glass beads (250-500, 2000 microm) and even the absence of sediment was tested. The diatoms were enriched in the stable carbon (13)C to facilitate tracing in the harpacticoids. Both copepod species were able to graze on the diatoms with highest uptake when sediment was absent. In contrast, both harpacticoid species showed no uptake in silty conditions. In general, grazing was favoured when mean sediment grain size increased. The strong negative effect of fine grains on the grazer's efficiency can be explained by the resulting differences in the structure (and accessibility) of the diatom biofilm on the one hand and the mobility of the grazer on the other hand. In view of the subtle equilibrium between primary producers and grazers, these results might have important implications for the effect of siltation of tidal flats due to, e.g., human activities.  相似文献   

Effect of Counter-Gradient in the Computation of Turbulent Fluxes of Heat and Moisture in a Regional Model     

S. S. Vaidya  V. N. Lykossov  S. S. Singh 《大气科学进展》1993,(1)

The counter-gradient terms in the computations of turbulent fluxes of heat and moisture have been included in the PBL parameterization of a regional model for monsoon prediction. Results show that inclusion of counter-gradient terms has a marginal impact in the prediction of large scale monsoon circulation and rainfall rates.  相似文献   

5个新发现的X选BL Lac天体   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

谢光中  茶光伟  白金明  张雄  Ｗ．Ｂｒｉｎｋｍａｎｎ 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1997,(3)

利用ＲＯＳＡＴＶＬＡ方法筛选，从ＲＯＳＡＴＸ射线源中选出了一批新的ＢＬＬａｃ天体和类星体的候选体．１９９６年１２月８日至１７日，利用北京天文台２．１６ｍ望远镜和新从美国引进的ＯＭＲ摄谱仪，对这批新候选体进行了光谱认证．经ＳＵＮ工作站处理，又发现了５个新的Ｘ选ＢＬＬａｃ天体．此外，还对去年作者在ＯＭＲ引进之前发现的ＢＬＬａｃ天体进行了检验，结果发现，去年发现的７个ＢＬＬａｃ天体中，２３２２＋３４３的ＣａＩＩＨ＆Ｋ“Ｂｒｅａｋｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈ”为２６．９％，稍大于判据２５％，因此，２３２２＋３４３到底是ＢＬＬａｃ天体还是射电星系还有待于进一步测光及偏振观测的验证．  相似文献   

地理现象的可分割性质     

M.F.古德柴尔德  D.M.马克  林涛 《地理科学进展》1991,10(4):5-15

在过去几年里,分割的概念引起了人们的极大关注。其主要思想起源于地图数据研究,而且它的很多应用继续牵涉到空间现象。在对比例尺的答复、自相似和空间循环细分三个标题下,我们回顾了地理学与分割的关联。分割度大小为表现制图综合效果特性和评价以空间样本为预告对象所推出的数据表示提供了手段。分割表面自相似特性,使得它如同在地貌过程研究中开始的或不存在的假设景观一样有用。空间现象的广泛变化,据统计,在许多规模上被证明是自相似,使人想起了像地理范围那样的比例尺依存关系的重要性。在文章三分之一的篇幅里,循环细分被证明是导致用数字形式表示空间数据的新奇和有效方法,并成为空间组织常见模型的特征。我们断定,分割被作为考虑空间形式传统方法重要变化,同时,与其说是提供了空间现象新的和重要的规范与标准,倒不如说提供了以经验为根据的可证实模型。  相似文献   

在世界包围中的新西兰农业:当今政策的调整     

R.W.M.约翰森  李柱臣 《地理科学进展》1991,10(3):35-39

在这篇文章里,我研究了十九世纪世界贸易和殖民扩展中的新西兰农业发展,继而研究了导致农业出口依赖于世界贸易、技术和动力平衡所出现的经济过程。我调查了农业(1963—1984年)近期的竞争,以及转向调整和出现二十世纪经济和剩余农业的含意。  相似文献   

一些剪切带中矿化：3阶段成矿模式     

Bonne.  M 陈贵华 《国外铀金地质》1993,10(4):326-329

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地震危险性敏感分析：一种多参数方法     

Rabin.  N 王健 《世界地震译丛》1993,(2):30-30,34,45

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