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利用多种实时观测资料和ERA5再分析资料,对造成2021年11月6—8日华北、东北极端暴雪过程多系统的结构特征及热动力机制进行分析。结果表明:此次过程先后由500 hPa高空横槽、河套西风槽及高空冷涡接力影响,其上空的高空急流不断加强并呈现“S”型弯曲,同时低空偏南风急流形成与加强,并在东北地区与高空急流耦合。此次过程阶段性特征明显,其影响系统的结构特征和水汽输送存在差异。回流冷锋形成的冷垫锋面较为浅薄,暖湿气流在其上倾斜上升。寒潮冷锋则较为陡立,上升气流随高度西倾。而锋面气旋结构较为深厚直立,使得气流呈垂直上升运动。随着斜压强迫的不断增强,850 hPa切变线由准东西向分布转为南北向分布,再演变为低涡切变结构。对应的水平涡度由弱转强,其上空正涡度垂直分布也逐渐加强,由弱倾斜上升运动逐步演变为较强垂直上升运动区,并在系统东侧形成次级环流下沉支。此次过程的发生发展与锋生作用密切相关,降雪落区和强度与锋区走向及锋生函数大小较为一致。假相当位温锋区在降雪3个阶段逐渐加强,垂直锋区和低层锋生函数由倾斜状态演变为近乎直立结构;湿位涡诊断表明,3个阶段降雪落区均发生在湿位涡正压项>0而斜压项... 相似文献
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Photoelectric observations of the asteroid 433 Eros were carried out with the 50-cm reflector of the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Cluj-Napoca on January 21 and February 4 and 5, 1975. 相似文献
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基于风云三号气象卫星微波亮温资料反演东北地区土壤湿度及其对比分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土壤湿度在陆面过程中发挥着重要作用,是联系陆地水循环和能量循环的纽带和关键环节。遥感技术可以实时地对土壤湿度进行长期、大区域动态监测,已成为监测土壤湿度的有效手段。本文基于风云三号气象卫星（FY3B）微波亮温资料,利用基于微波能量辐射传输方程的陆面参数反演模型（LPRM）反演了中国东北地区的土壤湿度（FY3BLPRM）。把反演获得的FY3BLRPM土壤湿度与中国气象局农业气象站土壤湿度观测资料、NCEP和ERA-Interim土壤湿度再分析资料、欧洲空间局多卫星融合ECV（Essential Climate Variable）土壤湿度产品和国家卫星气象中心FY3B官方土壤湿度产品（FY3Boffical）进行了对比分析。结果表明:（1）本文反演的FY3B土壤湿度与农业气象站观测资料有较高的一致性;卫星土壤湿度整体上呈现自西向东逐渐增加的空间变化,与农业气象站观测资料较为一致;在季节变化上,两者高度相关,在大部分地区的相关系数都达到0.7以上。（2）在大兴安岭和东北三省东部等地表相对湿润的地区,FY3BLPRM土壤湿度与NCEP、ERA-Interim和FY3Boffical土壤湿度呈现较强的负相关;再分析资料和FY3Boffical土壤湿度均无法反映该地区土壤干湿状况的季节性变化,甚至与观测资料呈反位相变化特征。FY3BLPRM土壤湿度与欧洲空间局研发的多卫星融合ECV土壤湿度产品在绝大多数地区有较好的一致性。本文基于风云三号极轨气象卫星微波亮温反演的土壤湿度资料,可用于干旱监测、数值同化与天气预报、水文水资源等领域。 相似文献
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Adina-Eliza Croitoru Dorin Drignei Iulian-Horia Holobaca Carmen Sofia Dragota 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2012,108(1-2):9-18
Characterizing climatic changes in the high-altitude mountain regions helps scientists and policy makers understand the effects of such changes on water resources, economic development, and the health of ecosystems. This paper proposes a change-point analysis to determine the time and magnitude of summer temperature changes in the summit areas of Romanian Carpathians between 1961 and 2007. Due to their altitude, massiveness, and position, Romanian Carpathians are an important barrier for different types of air masses between Western and Southeastern Europe. The results show that the change in summer temperatures occurred shortly after 1980. The average magnitude of this change is consistent with changes occurring in other parts of Southern Europe in the same time period although the magnitude of changes at individual weather stations may differ substantially. We aided our analysis by a statistical method based on regression models with serially correlated ARMA errors. 相似文献
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Wendy R. Eisner Jessica Jelacic Chris J. Cuomo Changjoo Kim Kenneth M. Hinkel Dorin Del Alba 《Transactions in GIS》2012,16(1):17-37
A traditional knowledge “Iñupiaq Web GIS”, based on a five‐year study and containing observations and environmental knowledge of Iñupiat communities indigenous to Arctic Alaska, was incorporated into a Web‐based platform. The website, “Arctic Cultural Cartography,” was created to be an open portal through which the password‐protected “Iñupiaq Web GIS” could be accessed. We discuss the process of developing the web GIS including the incorporation of user‐friendly features such as links to interactive maps, video clips of interviews, discussion boards, and the integration of popular web interfaces such as Facebook. We also discuss short‐ and long‐term goals for the further development of the GIS, its potential as a sustainable, participatory online database for sharing pertinent ecological knowledge, and challenges in achieving optimal community involvement given constraints imposed by remote locations with limited bandwidth. 相似文献
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土壤湿度是联系陆地水循环和能量循环的纽带,是地表最重要的水资源,也是一个重要的气象预报因子。基于风云三号卫星微波资料,采用能量辐射传输模型反演了我国逐日地表土壤湿度(FY-3B),并估算了其系统误差;然后,与中国气象局农业气象站观测资料和ERA-Interim、NCEP再分析资料进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,FY-3B土壤湿度呈由西北地区向东北和东南地区逐渐增加的空间分布特征,与农气站观测资料和两套再分析资料基本一致;其系统误差与植被覆盖度密切相关,我国西南部植被茂密的地区系统误差较大。FY-3B土壤湿度的季节性变化与农气站观测资料在全国范围有较好的一致性,总体表现为冬季土壤湿度较高,随着春季气温升高蒸散发增加,土壤湿度逐渐降低;夏天雨季来临,土壤湿度回升。然而,FY-3B土壤湿度与ERA-Interim和NCEP再分析资料在东北部分地区和长江流域以南呈很强的负相关,这主要是由于季节性干湿变化的不一致性所致;这表明,ERA-Interim和NCEP土壤湿度再分析资料在这些地区存在较大的不确定性。 相似文献
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The spin period of COSMOS 378 rocket was studied during all its lifetime. An exponential increase of the spin period values is pointed out. 相似文献
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