Book reviews     

P. Kahlig  Ignaz Vergeiner  Martin Ehrendorfer  Robert Grossman 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1998,68(1-2):115-118

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A new direct method for measuring the Hubble constant from reverberating accretion discs in active galaxies     

Stefan Collier  Keith Horne  Ignaz Wanders  Bradley M. Peterson 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,302(1):L24-L28

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Diagnosing drought using the downstreamness concept: the effect of reservoir networks on drought evolution     

Pieter R. van Oel  Eduardo S. P. R. Martins  Alexandre C. Costa  Niko Wanders  Henny A. J. van Lanen 《水文科学杂志》2018,63(7):979-990

To effectively manage hydrological drought, there is an urgent need to better understand and evaluate its human drivers. Using the “downstreamness” concept, we assess the role of a reservoir network in the emergence and evolution of droughts in a river basin in Brazil. In our case study, the downstreamness concept shows the effect of a network of reservoirs on the spatial distribution of stored surface water volumes over time. We demonstrate that, as a consequence of meteorological drought and recovery, the distribution of stored volumes became spatially skewed towards upstream locations, which affected the duration and magnitude of hydrological drought both upstream (where drought was alleviated) and downstream (where drought was aggravated). The downstreamness concept thus appears to be a useful entry point for spatiotemporally explicit assessments of hydrological drought and for determining the likelihood of progression from meteorological drought to a human-modified hydrological drought in a basin.  相似文献   

Diagnosing drought using the downstreamness concept: the effect of reservoir networks on drought evolution     

Pieter R. van Oel  Eduardo S. P. R. Martins  Alexandre C. Costa  Niko Wanders  Henny A. J. van Lanen 《水文科学杂志》2020,65(Z1):979-990

ABSTRACT

To effectively manage hydrological drought, there is an urgent need to better understand and evaluate its human drivers. Using the “downstreamness” concept, we assess the role of a reservoir network in the emergence and evolution of droughts in a river basin in Brazil. In our case study, the downstreamness concept shows the effect of a network of reservoirs on the spatial distribution of stored surface water volumes over time. We demonstrate that, as a consequence of meteorological drought and recovery, the distribution of stored volumes became spatially skewed towards upstream locations, which affected the duration and magnitude of hydrological drought both upstream (where drought was alleviated) and downstream (where drought was aggravated). The downstreamness concept thus appears to be a useful entry point for spatiotemporally explicit assessments of hydrological drought and for determining the likelihood of progression from meteorological drought to a human-modified hydrological drought in a basin.  相似文献   

Formation, prevention and breaking of sea water in crude oil emulsions ‘chocolate mousses’     

A.L. Bridi  Th.H. Wanders  W. Zegveld  H.B. van der Heijde 《Marine pollution bulletin》1980,11(12):343-348

During the combatting of oil spills, the handling of the stable sea water in crude oil emulsions called ‘chocolate mousses’, either at sea or on the beach, is often a major problem.

A recent laboratory study of the formation and properties of such emulsions revealed the key roles played by asphaltenes and crystallized wax in their stability.

Viscosity measurements showed that mousses with 70% vol. sea water are thixotropic and may solidify after having been pumped into the hold of a salvage vessel or into a storage tank. During a search for novel chemicals for combatting oil spills we found a type of chemical additive that is effective in preventing the formation of mousses, in greatly improving the pumpability of mousses once formed and in decreasing their water content after recovery or during storage. The additive, designated LA 1834, has been tested successfully in the laboratory, on a semi-technical scale in cooperation with the Netherlands State Waterways Board and in the large-scale clean-up operation after a recent oil spill in Greece. The compound keeps oil from dispersing vertically into the water column, when applied to spilled oil or mousse on a sea water surface and holds promise of environmental acceptability.  相似文献