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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - A feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of bulk zinc (B-Zn) and zinc nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) on survival, growth, compositions of amino acid...  相似文献   
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Radiocarbon dates on pedogenic CaCO3, accumulated at various depths in a stabilised dune at Budha Pushkar, Rajasthan, show inversion with respect to ‘stratigraphy’. Occurrence of younger carbonates overlain by older ones at various levels, is interpreted in terms of a shift in climatic conditions causing pedogenic carbonates to be leached to greater depths. Based on this model, several wetter regions during the last 6000 years have been identified. The most significant shift from a dry to a wet phase seems to have taken place between 5000 and 4500 years ago. Conclusions drawn from this study is in agreement with that based on pollen data and extends this method as a potential palaeoclimatic indicator.  相似文献   
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Exploration and exploitation of coal seams is one of the major resources for the energy sector in any country but at the same time water filled voids/water logged areas in the old workings of these seams are very critical problems for the coal mining industry. In such situations, disasters like inundation, landslides, collapsing of the old seams may occur. In this regard, it is necessary to find out the water saturated/water filled voids and zones in the mining areas. Since no established technique is available to find such zones, an experimental study using Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) has been carried out in one of the coal mining areas near Dhanbad, to find out the feasibility of finding the barrier thickness and the water logged area in underground coal mines. The area under study forms part of Jharia coalfield in Dhanbad district, Jharkhand state. The coal bearing rocks of Barakar Formation of Lower Permian age (Gondwana period) occur in the area under a thin cover (10 m to15 m) of soil and or alluvium. Coal bearing Barakar Formations consist mainly of sandstone of varying grain size, intercalation of shale and sandstone, grey and carbonaceous-shale and coal seams. Since the water saturation reduces the resistivity of a formation to a large extent, water filled voids and old coal workings are expected to have significant resistivity contrast with the surrounding host rock. Hence, ERI technique was applied in such an environment as this technique uses high-density data acquisition both laterally and vertically by using multiple number of electrodes. Along with ERI, mise-à-la-masse (also called charged body) technique was also employed at one of the promising sites to find out the connectivity of water logged areas and also detection of these old workings from the surface measurements was analyzed. The interpreted 2D resistivity sections have clearly indicated the water bearing zone(s) along the profile which was well confirmed with the existing water level in the nearby borewells. On the other hand, this technique did not identify the size of the coal pillar and gallery (air filled voids), which might be due to the small size of the voids (i.e. about 2 m × 2 m) below a depth of 15m and more but have indicated altogether as a high resistive zone ranging from 600–1000 Ohm-m.  相似文献   
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In order to evaluate the potentials of IRS‐1A Linear Imaging Self‐scanning Sensor (LISS‐I) data for geological and geomorphological applications and also to compare the IRS‐1A LISS‐I data with Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data, a study has been attempted for parts of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh in Northern India. The first four spectral bands of Landsat TM sensor data which are similar and close to IRS‐1A LISS‐I senor have been utilised for the comparative evaluation. Various techniques employed for both the data set to derive the required geology and geomorphology related information include (i) band combination (ii) spectral response analysis (iii) principal component analysis (iv) supervised classification techniques and (v) visual observation of various outputs generated by the above methods. The Optimum Index Factor (OIF) method adopted for selecting suitable band combinations showed similar OIF rankings for IRS‐1A LISS‐I data and Landsat TM data. It has been visually observed that the band combination 1, 3 & 4 offers relatively better feature display. The spectral responses derived for various major geologic rock units such as Deccan Trap, Vindhyan Formation, Bundelkhand Granite and for a few landcovers such as surface water bodies and black soil show striking similarity in pattern for both LISS‐I and TM. The Principal Component (PC) analysis of both data sets suggested that the total scene brightness tends to dominate in the first PC. The percentage information contributed by PCs 1&2 as also by PCs 1,2 & 3 in both the LISS‐I and TM are comparable. It was observed from the classified image generated by performing supervised classification with a maximum likelihood algorithm that major geomorphic landforms were clearly distinguishable. Thus the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of both IRS‐1A LISS‐I and Landsat TM data showed that significant similarities exist between them. The study also revealed that IRS‐1A LISS‐I data can be effectively used for deriving geology and geomorphology related details.  相似文献   
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The main objective of this work is to investigate the factors influencing the NOx control of a stationary diesel engine fuelled with crude rice bran oil blend with lesser effect on smoke density and brake thermal efficiency (BTE). Fuel injection timing, percentage of EGR, and fuel injection pressure are chosen as the factors for the objective and NOx emission, smoke density, and BTE are considered as the response variables. To critically analyze the effects of the chosen factors on the objective three levels were chosen in each factor and the experiments were designed by following the design of experiments method. Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array was used to conduct the tests with different combination of factor levels. Through analysis of variance (ANOVA) method, the most influencing factors and also the significance of each factor affecting each response variable were found out. Response graph was drawn for each response variable to determine the optimum combination of factor levels in achieving the objective and the obtained combination was confirmed experimentally.  相似文献   
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