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1.
SummarySome Foundation Stability Problems of the Railway Bridge over the Mala Rijeka The authors presented an outlay of problems occurring in estimating the stability of rocky slopes loaded by large vertical forces. General attitudes, kept by the authors during the stability analysis for an actual case — foundation of piers No. 3 and 4 of the railway bridge across the Mala Rijeka, are also presented. The results of calculation as well as the advantages of the approach applied are outlined in the paper. Finally, general conclusions are drawn regarding the method to be kept in solving the stability of slopes loaded by large artificial loading.With 7 Figures 相似文献
2.
Ivana Tošić Ivana Hrnjak Milivoj B. Gavrilov Miroslava Unkašević Slobodan B. Marković Tin Lukić 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2014,117(1-2):331-341
Annual and seasonal variability of precipitation observed at 92 stations in Vojvodina (Serbia) were analyzed during the period 1946–2006. The rainfall series were examined by means of the empirical orthogonal functions (EOF). The first set of singular vectors explains from 68.8 % (in summer) to 81.8 % (in winter) of the total variance. The temporal variability of the time series associated with the main EOF configurations (the principal components, PCs) was examined using the Mann–Kendall test and the spectral analysis. The time series of PC1 revealed decreasing trend in the winter and spring precipitation and increasing trend in the autumn, summer, and annual precipitation. The relationships between the first PC and circulation patterns, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the East Atlantic (EA) pattern, and East Atlantic/West Russia pattern, were also investigated. The PC1, displaying temporal behavior of the first mode, demonstrated evident correspondence with the NAO index in analysis of the annual, winter, and autumn precipitation. Power spectra of the PC1 show statistically significant oscillations of about 3.3 years for the spring precipitation and about 8 and 15 years for the winter precipitation. Comparisons with spectral analysis of authors for some regions in Europe, most of them in the Mediterranean domain, show that similar periodicities are detected. 相似文献
3.
Xuechao Wu Qingzhen Hao B Marković Slobodan Yu Fu Namira Yang Song Zhengtang Guo 《地球科学进展》2020,35(4):363-377
Danube loess, located at the westernmost part of the widespread Eurasian loess belt, is one of the most well-preserved aeolian dust deposits in Europe with the basal age dating back over 1 Ma. Owing to its unique location and formation processes, Danube loess plays an important role in understanding the linkage of climate changes in different climate regimes over Eurasian continent and paleoclimatic changes in middle-high northern latitudes. Major research advances of the Danube loess, including compositions, provenance, chronology, stratigraphy and paleoenvironment changes were systematically reviewed and the focuses of future research were suggested. To better understand loess provenance, the compositions of sediments in all the potential source areas should be investigated, and methodological study of provenance indicators and application of multi-proxies approaches need to be carried out. Chronologically and stratigraphically, feldspar luminescence dating and tephrochronology methods should be widely used, and the establishment of a uniform stratigraphic framework and correlation scheme should be constrained by precise chronology. In terms of the paleoenvironment, it is necessary to conduct high-resolution multi-proxies reconstruction of paleoenviroment for the entire loess-paleosol sequence, extending from the last interglacial period (130 ka to present) to interval of last 1 Ma. The future progress in Danube loess is crucial to improving the study of continental paleoclimate comparison and paleoclimate dynamics over the Eurasian loess region. 相似文献
4.
Michael Zech Nikolai Pedentchouk Katharina Leiber Slobodan B. Markovi? 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2011,75(17):4917-4928
During the last decade, compound-specific hydrogen isotope analysis of plant leaf-wax and sedimentary n-alkyl lipids has become a promising tool for paleohydrological reconstructions. However, with the exception of several previous studies, there is a lack of knowledge regarding possible effects of early diagenesis on the δD values of n-alkanes. We therefore investigated the n-alkane patterns and δD values of long-chain n-alkanes from three different C3 higher plant species (Acer pseudoplatanus L., Fagus sylvatica L. and Sorbus aucuparia L.) that have been degraded in a field leaf litterbag experiment for 27 months.We found that after an initial increase of long-chain n-alkane masses (up to ∼50%), decomposition took place with mean turnover times of 11.7 months. Intermittently, the masses of mid-chain n-alkanes increased significantly during periods of highest total mass losses. Furthermore, initially high odd-over-even predominances (OEP) declined and long-chain n-alkane ratios like n-C31/C27 and n-C31/C29 started to converge to the value of 1. While bulk leaf litter became systematically D-enriched especially during summer seasons (by ∼8‰ on average over 27 months), the δD values of long-chain n-alkanes reveal no systematic overall shifts, but seasonal variations of up to 25‰ (Fagus, n-C27, average ∼13‰).Although a partly contribution by leaf-wax n-alkanes by throughfall cannot be excluded, these findings suggest that a microbial n-alkane pool sensitive to seasonal variations of soil water δD rapidly builds up. We propose a conceptual model based on an isotope mass balance calculation that accounts for the decomposition of plant-derived n-alkanes and the build-up of microbial n-alkanes. Model results are in good agreement with measured n-alkane δD results. Since microbial ‘contamination’ is not necessarily discernible from n-alkane concentration patterns alone, care may have to be taken not to over-interpret δD values of sedimentary n-alkanes. Furthermore, since leaf-water is generally D-enriched compared to soil and lake waters, soil and water microbial n-alkane pools may help explain why soil and sediment n-alkanes are D-depleted compared to leaves. 相似文献
5.
Michal Klaučo Bohuslava Gregorová Uglješa Stankov Vladimir Marković Polina Lemenkova 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2013,5(1):28-42
The Sitno Natura 2000 Site covers an area of 935,56 hectares. The Sitno region is significant due to the number of rare and endangered species of plants, and as a result is considered a location of great importance to the maintenance of floral gene pools. The study area suffers human impacts in the form of tourism. The main purpose of this study is to the measure landscape elements, determine the ecological significance of habitats within the Sitno area, and from this data, organize the study area into conservation zones. The results of this landscape quantification are numerical values that can be used to interpret the quality of ongoing ecological processes within individual landscape types. Interpretation of this quantified data can be used to determine the ecological significance of landscapes in other study areas. This research examines the habitats of Natura 2000 Sites by a set of landscape metrics for habitat area, size, density, and shape, such as Number of patches (NP), Patch density (PD), Mean patch size (MPS), Patch size standard deviation (PSSD) and Mean shape index (MSI). The classification of land cover patches is based on the Annex Code system. 相似文献
6.
Slobodan B. Marković Eric A. Oches Zoran M. Perić Tivadar Gaudenyi Mlađen Jovanović Györgi Sipos Christine Thiel Jan-Pieter Buylaert Stevan Savić William D. McCoy Milica G. Radaković Rastko S. Marković Milivoj B. Gavrilov 《第四纪科学杂志》2021,36(8):1436-1447
The loess sequence preserved in the Požarevac brickyard in north-eastern Serbia comprises eight loess units separated by seven paleosols. Geochronological investigation using amino acid racemization and luminescence dating support stratigraphic correlations of loess units L3, S2LL1 and L1 at the Požarevac section with loess of glacial cycles E [Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 10], D (MIS 9–8), C (MIS 7–6) and B (MIS 5–2) across central Europe. Correlation with the marine oxygen-isotope stratigraphy and associated paleoclimatic inferences are further supported by magnetic susceptibility, particle size and carbonate content measured in Požarevac sediments. Malacological investigations at the Požarevac section reveal the continuous presence of the Chondrula tridens and Helicopsis striata faunal assemblages throughout the last 350 ka. The loess malacological fauna, which is characterized by the complete absence of cold-resistant and cold-preferring species, suggests a stable, dry and relatively warm glacial and interglacial climate, compared with other central European loess localities. Together these data suggest that the south-eastern part of the Carpathian (Pannonian, Middle Danube) Basin was a refugium for warm-preferring and xerophilous land-snails during the generally unfavorable glacial climates of the late Middle and Late Pleistocene. 相似文献
7.
Influence of sea-water intrusion and agricultural production on the Blato Aquifer,Island of Korčula,Croatia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Blato aquifer is situated on the western side of the island of Korčula, southern Dalmatia, Croatia. The terrain is built
of karstified carbonate rocks, mostly of the Cretaceous age. In the Blatsko karst polje there are four water supply wells
with a total yield of about 60 l/s. The catchment area is 28 km2. The whole terrain is tectonically disturbed and compressed; the most permeable fracture system is perpendicular to the structural
“b” axes, which gives rise to a general groundwater direction towards the island’s northern coast. Average precipitation is
850 mm/year, but when there is less than 700 mm/year there is a high possibility of sea-water intrusion during the summer
season. The risk significantly increases when dry years repeat. Hydrochemical research has shown that two main pollution sources
occur at different hydrological moments: sea-water intrusion happens in the dry summer period when there is maximal extraction
and almost no recharge; and the washing of nitrates and other humanly caused pollution indicators from the soil and epikarst
belt during the rainy season. All factors must be taken into account when planning management and protection of such a sensitive
environment. 相似文献
8.
Hydrochemical properties of transition zone between fresh groundwater and seawater in karst environment of the Adriatic islands,Croatia 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
Eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea consists of karstified carbonates. It belongs to the well-known Dinaric karst region. The
coast is extremely indented and there are 718 islands with numerous rock crags and reefs. Some of the inhabited islands use
their own water resources for public water supply, or plan to do it in the future. Since karst rocks are extremely permeable,
the seawater intrudes into underground water resources, thereby forming the wedge. A wide transition zone occurs between this
seawater wedge and fresh water aquifers. Consequently, island groundwater reserves turn brackish to a certain extent. In this
study, 77 water samples were collected from a wide variety of water resources. Comprehensive statistical and mathematical
multivariate analysis of these data was performed. Simple statistical approach showed several useful correlations among some
parameters, and more complex multivariate techniques extracted three factors in connection with three natural processes: (1)
mixing with the seawater, (2) carbonate dissolution and (3) human influence (pollution) and nitrogen transformation processes.
The results of this study demonstrate that in situ measurement of electrical conductivity is adequate for the very rough field
estimation of numerous parameters. 相似文献
9.
Heat wave risk assessment and mapping in urban areas: case study for a midsized Central European city,Novi Sad (Serbia) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stevan Savić Vladimir Marković Ivan Šećerov Dragoslav Pavić Daniela Arsenović Dragan Milošević Dragan Dolinaj Imre Nagy Milana Pantelić 《Natural Hazards》2018,91(3):891-911
Risk assessment and mapping methodologies for heat waves as frequently occurring hazards in central and southeastern Europe were applied in this study, and the impact of heat waves on the mortality of urban populations was determined as part of the assessment. The methodology for conducting the heat wave risk assessment is based on European Commission’s Guidelines for Risk Assessment and Mapping. The Novi Sad (Serbia) urban area was studied during summer 2015, which was one of the hottest summers in the last few decades. In situ air temperature measurements from urban stations and mortality of urban populations were used. Nocturnal urban heat island (UHI) intensity values between the various built-up zones and natural surrounding areas were used for the hazard level calculation. Temperature data from 9 p.m. to 5 a.m. were used because during the night, the UHI intensity reached its maximum values. The average daily number of deaths by LCZs was used to define the impact level of the vulnerability index. Calculations for both hazard levels were completed during two intensive heat waves (in July and August 2015) when it was expected that there may be a high level of risk. The results and maps show that the urban area is complex, and the heat wave risk on the population is not uniform. The most densely built-up areas (LCZs 2, 5 and 6) have very high or high risk values that are influenced by a higher rate of mortality. The obtained results and maps can be used by local authorities to prevent and mitigate climate-related hazards, for medical institutions as well as urban planners and for ancillary local, regional or national services. According to these results, the local authorities could define hot spots where they can place medical and rescue teams and install points with water supplies, etc. 相似文献
10.
