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研究了辽宁东港鸭绿江口海域赤潮监控区6个测站的浮游植物种类组成、数量分布和群落结构特征.2011年5-10月浮游植物数量变化范围为9.80伊104~3.66伊108个/m3,浮游植物数量高峰出现在春季5月,最低值出现在夏季8月.共发现浮游植物4门33属70种,其中硅藻27属57种,甲藻4属11种,黄藻 1 属 1种,金藻 1 属 1种.优势种为尖刺拟菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia pungens)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、窄隙角毛藻(Chaetoceros affinis)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans),均为赤潮生物种.春季5月多样性指数和均匀度指数较低,但优势度指数较高,优势种是尖刺拟菱形藻,成为形成赤潮的潜在生物要素. 相似文献
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为了解锦州港航道工程疏浚物长期倾倒对辽东湾西部海域生态环境产生的影响情况,文章结合2009—2014年倾倒海域的监测资料,通过单因子标准指数法、综合污染指数法以及地质累积指数对比,对倾倒海域的水质、沉积物进行评价;通过香农-韦弗指数方程,对大型底栖生物进行评价。为对比疏浚物倾倒和一般人类活动对海域生态环境的影响程度,在倾倒活动影响范围之外另选取对照站位与其他站位同时展开监测。结果表明,除无机氮外,监测海域水质基本符合《海水水质标准》中的二类标准;沉积物符合《沉积物质量标准》中的一类标准,倾倒海域水质和沉积物未受到污染,并且倾倒活动与人类活动对海域环境产生的影响程度差别不大,但对表层沉积物和大型底栖生物角产生明显影响。 相似文献
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2013—2014年在大连凌水湾海域进行了大型底栖动物月份调查。调查共采得大型底栖动物54种,包括环节动物门26种、软体动物门12种、节肢动物门类8种、棘皮动物门2种、纽形动物门1种、腔肠动物门2种、腕足动物1种。其中多毛类种类最多,共26种,占总种数的48.1%;其次是软体动物门12种,占总种数的22.2%;再次是甲壳类8种,占总种数的14.8%。除去个别大密度和大个体生物影响,2013—2014年大型底栖动物种类、栖息密度以及生物量,都呈现上升趋势,由多样性指数、优势度、均匀度、健康度等指数所表示的群落结构生态学特征显示,大型底栖动物群落结构较健康。 相似文献
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At present, the methods widely applied to assess ecological risk of heavy metals are essentially single-point estimates in which exposure and toxicity data cannot be fully used and probabilities of adverse biological eff ects cannot be achieved. In this study, based on investigation of concentrations of six heavy metals (As, Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn) in the surface seawater and sediment near the outlet of a zinc factory, located in Huludao City, Liaoning Province, China, a tiered approach consisting of several probabilistic options was used to refine ecological risk assessment for the individuals. A mixture of various heavy metals was detected in the surface seawater, and potential ecological risk index (PERI) was adopted to assess the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface sediment. The results from all levels of aquatic ecological risk assessment in the tiered framework, ranging from comparison of single eff ects and exposure values to the use of distribution-based Hazard Quotient obtained through Monte Carlo simulation, are consistent with each other. Briefly, aquatic Zn and Cu posed a clear ecological risk, while Cd, Pb, Hg, and As in the water column posed potential risk. As expected, combined ecological risk of heavy metal mixture in the surface seawater was proved significantly higher than the risk caused by any individual heavy metal, calculated using the concept of total equivalent concentration. According to PERI, the severity of pollution by the six heavy metals in the surface sediment decreased in the following sequence: Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cu>Zn, and the total heavy metals in the sediment posed a very high risk to the marine environment. This study provides a useful mathematical framework for ecological risk assessment of heavy metals. 相似文献
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